Jean 7
La Bible du Semeur
Jésus à la fête des Cabanes
7 Après cela, Jésus continua à parcourir la Galilée ; il voulait en effet éviter la Judée où les Juifs cherchaient à le supprimer. 2 Cependant, on se rapprochait de la fête juive des Cabanes[a].
3 Ses frères lui dirent alors : Tu devrais quitter cette région et te rendre en Judée pour que, là aussi, tes disciples puissent voir les œuvres que tu accomplis. 4 Quand on veut être connu, on n’agit pas avec tant de discrétion. Puisque tu accomplis de si grandes choses, fais en sorte que tout le monde le voie.
5 En effet, les frères de Jésus eux-mêmes ne croyaient pas en lui. 6 Jésus leur répondit : Le moment n’est pas encore venu pour moi. En revanche, pour vous, c’est toujours le bon moment. 7 Le monde n’a aucune raison de vous haïr ; mais moi, il me déteste parce que je témoigne que ses actes sont mauvais. 8 Vous donc, allez à la fête ; pour ma part, je n’y vais pas encore[b] car le moment n’est pas encore venu pour moi.
9 Après leur avoir dit cela, il resta en Galilée. 10 Cependant, quand ses frères furent partis pour la fête, il s’y rendit lui aussi, mais secrètement, sans se montrer. 11 Or, pendant la fête, les Juifs le cherchaient et demandaient : Où est-il donc ?
12 Dans la foule, les discussions allaient bon train à son sujet. Les uns disaient : C’est quelqu’un de bien.
– Pas du tout, répondaient les autres : il trompe tout le monde.
13 Mais, comme ils avaient tous peur des Juifs, personne n’osait parler librement de lui.
L’opposition grandit
14 La moitié de la semaine de fête était déjà passée, quand Jésus alla au Temple et se mit à enseigner. 15 Les Juifs en étaient tout étonnés et se demandaient : Comment peut-il connaître à ce point les Ecritures, sans avoir jamais étudié ?
16 Jésus leur répondit : Rien de ce que j’enseigne ne vient de moi. J’ai tout reçu de celui qui m’a envoyé. 17 Si quelqu’un est décidé à faire la volonté de Dieu, il reconnaîtra bien si mon enseignement vient de Dieu ou si je parle de ma propre initiative. 18 Celui qui parle en son propre nom recherche sa propre gloire. Mais si quelqu’un vise à honorer celui qui l’a envoyé, c’est un homme vrai ; il n’y a rien de faux en lui. 19 Moïse vous a donné la Loi, et pourtant, aucun de vous ne fait ce qu’elle ordonne ! Pourquoi cherchez-vous à me tuer ?
20 – Tu as un démon en toi ! lui cria la foule. Qui est-ce qui veut te tuer ?
21 Jésus reprit la parole et leur dit : Il a suffi que je fasse une œuvre pour que vous soyez tous dans l’étonnement. 22 Réfléchissez : Moïse vous a donné l’ordre de pratiquer la circoncision, rite qui ne vient d’ailleurs pas de Moïse, mais des patriarches. Or, cela ne vous dérange pas de circoncire quelqu’un le jour du sabbat. 23 Eh bien, si on circoncit un garçon le jour du sabbat pour respecter la Loi de Moïse, pourquoi donc vous indignez-vous contre moi parce que j’ai entièrement guéri un homme le jour du sabbat ? 24 Cessez donc de juger selon les apparences, et apprenez à porter des jugements conformes à ce qui est juste.
25 En le voyant, quelques habitants de Jérusalem s’étonnaient : N’est-ce pas celui qu’ils veulent faire mourir ? 26 Or, le voilà qui parle librement en public et personne ne lui dit rien ! Est-ce que, par hasard, nos autorités auraient reconnu qu’il est vraiment le Messie ? 27 Pourtant, lui, nous savons d’où il est ; mais le Messie, quand il viendra, personne ne saura d’où il est.
28 Alors Jésus intervint d’une voix forte, et on l’entendit dans toute la cour du Temple : Vraiment ! Vous me connaissez et vous savez d’où je suis ! Sachez-le, je ne suis pas venu de ma propre initiative. C’est celui qui est véridique qui m’a envoyé. Vous ne le connaissez pas. 29 Moi, je le connais, car je viens d’auprès de lui, et c’est lui qui m’a envoyé.
30 Alors plusieurs essayèrent de l’arrêter, et pourtant personne ne mit la main sur lui, parce que son heure n’était pas encore venue. 31 Cependant, beaucoup, parmi la foule, crurent en lui.
– Quand le Messie viendra, disaient-ils, accomplira-t-il plus de signes miraculeux que n’en a déjà fait cet homme-là ?
32 Ce qui se murmurait ainsi dans la foule au sujet de Jésus parvint aux oreilles des pharisiens. Alors les chefs des prêtres et les pharisiens envoyèrent des gardes du Temple pour procéder à son arrestation.
33 Jésus déclara : Je suis encore pour un peu de temps parmi vous. Ensuite je retournerai auprès de celui qui m’a envoyé. 34 Vous me chercherez, et vous ne me trouverez pas ; et vous ne pouvez pas aller là où je serai.
35 Sur quoi, ses auditeurs se demandèrent entre eux : Où va-t-il aller pour que nous ne le trouvions pas ? Aurait-il l’intention de se rendre chez les Juifs dispersés parmi les non-Juifs ? Voudrait-il peut-être même apporter son enseignement aux non-Juifs ? 36 Que peut-il bien vouloir dire quand il déclare : « Vous me chercherez et vous ne me trouverez pas ; et vous ne pouvez pas aller là où je serai » ?
L’eau vive
37 Le dernier jour de la fête, le jour le plus solennel, Jésus se tint devant la foule et lança à pleine voix : Si quelqu’un a soif, qu’il vienne à moi, et que celui qui croit en moi boive. 38 Car, comme le dit l’Ecriture, des fleuves d’eau vive jailliront de lui[c]. 39 En disant cela, il faisait allusion à l’Esprit que devaient recevoir plus tard ceux qui croiraient en lui. En effet, à ce moment-là, l’Esprit n’avait pas encore été donné parce que Jésus n’était pas encore entré dans sa gloire.
Pour ou contre Jésus ?
40 Dans la foule, plusieurs de ceux qui avaient entendu ces paroles disaient : Pas de doute : cet homme est bien le Prophète attendu.
41 D’autres affirmaient : C’est le Messie.
– Mais, objectaient certains, le Messie pourrait-il venir de la Galilée ? 42 L’Ecriture ne dit-elle pas que le Messie sera un descendant de David et qu’il naîtra à Bethléhem[d], le village où David a vécu ?
43 Ainsi, le peuple se trouva de plus en plus divisé à cause de lui. 44 Quelques-uns voulaient l’arrêter mais personne n’osa porter la main sur lui.
45 Les gardes du Temple retournèrent auprès des chefs des prêtres et des pharisiens. Ceux-ci leur demandèrent : Pourquoi ne l’avez-vous pas amené ?
46 Ils répondirent : Personne n’a jamais parlé comme cet homme.
47 – Quoi, répliquèrent les pharisiens, vous aussi, vous vous y êtes laissé prendre ? 48 Est-ce qu’un seul des chefs ou un seul des pharisiens a cru en lui ? 49 Il n’y a que ces gens du peuple qui ne connaissent rien à la Loi… ce sont tous des maudits !
50 Là-dessus, l’un d’entre eux, Nicodème, celui qui, précédemment, était venu trouver Jésus, leur dit : 51 Notre Loi nous permet-elle de condamner un homme sans l’avoir entendu et sans savoir ce qu’il a fait de mal ?
52 – Es-tu, toi aussi, de la Galilée ? lui répondirent-ils. Consulte les Ecritures, et tu verras qu’aucun prophète ne sort de la Galilée.
[53 Là-dessus chacun rentra chez soi.
Footnotes
- 7.2 Cette fête, d’une durée de huit jours, rappelait l’époque où les Israélites vivaient sous des tentes, dans le désert, après la sortie d’Egypte. Jérusalem était durant cette semaine un centre de rassemblement des Juifs venus de tout le pays.
- 7.8 Certains manuscrits ont : je n’y vais pas.
- 7.38 de lui: c’est-à-dire de Christ, comme le suggère le v. 39. Jésus est le vrai Temple (Jn 2.21) d’où jaillissent les fleuves d’eau vive : Ez 47.1-12 ; Jl 4.18 ; Za 14.8 (voir 13.1). D’autres comprennent, en changeant la ponctuation : 37 Si quelqu’un a soif, qu’il vienne à moi et qu’il boive. Celui qui croit en moi, 38 des fleuves d’eau vive jailliront de lui, comme le dit l’Ecriture.
- 7.42 Cette remarque se fonde sur 2 S 7.12 ; Mi 5.1. Beaucoup ne savaient pas que Jésus était né à Bethléhem en Judée, mais croyaient plutôt qu’il était né en Galilée, d’où il était venu.
John 7
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 7
The Feast of Tabernacles. 1 [a]After this, Jesus moved about within Galilee; but he did not wish to travel in Judea, because the Jews were trying to kill him.(A) 2 But the Jewish feast of Tabernacles was near.(B) 3 So his brothers[b] said to him, “Leave here and go to Judea, so that your disciples also may see the works you are doing. 4 No one works in secret if he wants to be known publicly. If you do these things, manifest yourself to the world.”(C) 5 For his brothers did not believe in him. 6 [c]So Jesus said to them, “My time is not yet here, but the time is always right for you. 7 The world cannot hate you, but it hates me, because I testify to it that its works are evil.(D) 8 You go up to the feast. I am not going up[d] to this feast, because my time has not yet been fulfilled.” 9 After he had said this, he stayed on in Galilee.
10 But when his brothers had gone up to the feast, he himself also went up, not openly but [as it were] in secret. 11 The Jews were looking for him at the feast and saying, “Where is he?” 12 And there was considerable murmuring about him in the crowds. Some said, “He is a good man,” [while] others said, “No; on the contrary, he misleads the crowd.” 13 Still, no one spoke openly about him because they were afraid of the Jews.(E)
The First Dialogue.[e] 14 When the feast was already half over, Jesus went up into the temple area and began to teach. 15 [f](F)The Jews were amazed and said, “How does he know scripture without having studied?” 16 Jesus answered them and said, “My teaching is not my own but is from the one who sent me. 17 Whoever chooses to do his will[g] shall know whether my teaching is from God or whether I speak on my own.(G) 18 Whoever speaks on his own seeks his own glory, but whoever seeks the glory of the one who sent him is truthful, and there is no wrong in him. 19 Did not Moses give you the law? Yet none of you keeps the law. Why are you trying to kill me?”(H) 20 The crowd answered, “You are possessed![h] Who is trying to kill you?”(I) 21 Jesus answered and said to them, “I performed one work[i] and all of you are amazed(J) 22 because of it. Moses gave you circumcision—not that it came from Moses but rather from the patriarchs—and you circumcise a man on the sabbath.(K) 23 If a man can receive circumcision on a sabbath so that the law of Moses may not be broken, are you angry with me because I made a whole person well on a sabbath?(L) 24 Stop judging by appearances, but judge justly.”(M)
25 So some of the inhabitants of Jerusalem said, “Is he not the one they are trying to kill? 26 And look, he is speaking openly and they say nothing to him. Could the authorities[j] have realized that he is the Messiah? 27 But we know where he is from. When the Messiah comes, no one will know where he is from.”(N) 28 So Jesus cried out in the temple area as he was teaching and said, “You know me and also know where I am from. Yet I did not come on my own, but the one who sent me, whom you do not know, is true.(O) 29 I know him, because I am from him, and he sent me.”(P) 30 So they tried to arrest him, but no one laid a hand upon him, because his hour had not yet come.(Q) 31 But many of the crowd began to believe in him, and said, “When the Messiah comes, will he perform more signs than this man has done?”(R)
Officers Sent to Arrest Jesus.[k] 32 The Pharisees heard the crowd murmuring about him to this effect, and the chief priests and the Pharisees sent guards to arrest him. 33 So Jesus said, “I will be with you only a little while longer, and then I will go to the one who sent me.(S) 34 You will look for me but not find [me], and where I am you cannot come.”(T) 35 So the Jews said to one another, “Where is he going that we will not find him? Surely he is not going to the dispersion[l] among the Greeks to teach the Greeks, is he? 36 What is the meaning of his saying, ‘You will look for me and not find [me], and where I am you cannot come’?”
Rivers of Living Water.[m] 37 On the last and greatest day of the feast, Jesus stood up and exclaimed, “Let anyone who thirsts come to me and drink.(U) 38 Whoever believes in me, as scripture says:
39 He said this in reference to the Spirit that those who came to believe in him were to receive. There was, of course, no Spirit yet,[o] because Jesus had not yet been glorified.(W)
Discussion About the Origins of the Messiah.[p] 40 Some in the crowd who heard these words said, “This is truly the Prophet.”(X) 41 Others said, “This is the Messiah.” But others said, “The Messiah will not come from Galilee, will he? 42 Does not scripture say that the Messiah will be of David’s family and come from Bethlehem, the village where David lived?”(Y) 43 So a division occurred in the crowd because of him. 44 Some of them even wanted to arrest him, but no one laid hands on him.
45 So the guards went to the chief priests and Pharisees, who asked them, “Why did you not bring him?” 46 The guards answered, “Never before has anyone spoken like this one.” 47 So the Pharisees answered them, “Have you also been deceived? 48 Have any of the authorities or the Pharisees believed in him?(Z) 49 But this crowd, which does not know the law, is accursed.” 50 Nicodemus, one of their members who had come to him earlier, said to them,(AA) 51 “Does our law condemn a person before it first hears him and finds out what he is doing?”(AB) 52 They answered and said to him, “You are not from Galilee also, are you? Look and see that no prophet arises from Galilee.”
Chapter 8
A Woman Caught in Adultery.[q] [53 Then each went to his own house,
Footnotes
- 7–8 These chapters contain events about the feast of Tabernacles (Sukkoth, Ingathering: Ex 23:16; Tents, Booths: Dt 16:13–16), with its symbols of booths (originally built to shelter harvesters), rain (water from Siloam poured on the temple altar), and lights (illumination of the four torches in the Court of the Women). They continue the theme of the replacement of feasts (Passover, Jn 2:13; 6:4; Hanukkah, Jn 10:22; Pentecost, Jn 5:1), here accomplished by Jesus as the Living Water. These chapters comprise seven miscellaneous controversies and dialogues. There is a literary inclusion with Jesus in hiding in Jn 7:4, 10; 8:59. There are frequent references to attempts on his life: Jn 7:1, 13, 19, 25, 30, 32, 44; 8:37, 40, 59.
- 7:3 Brothers: these relatives (cf. Jn 2:12 and see note on Mk 6:3) are never portrayed as disciples until after the resurrection (Acts 1:14). Mt 13:55 and Mk 6:3 give the names of four of them. Jesus has already performed works/signs in Judea; cf. Jn 2:23; 3:2; 4:45; 5:8.
- 7:6 Time: the Greek word means “opportune time,” here a synonym for Jesus’ “hour” (see note on Jn 2:4), his death and resurrection. In the wordplay, any time is suitable for Jesus’ brothers, because they are not dependent on God’s will.
- 7:8 I am not going up: an early attested reading “not yet” seems a correction, since Jesus in the story does go up to the feast. “Go up,” in a play on words, refers not only to going up to Jerusalem but also to exaltation at the cross, resurrection, and ascension; cf. Jn 3:14; 6:62; 20:17.
- 7:14–31 Jesus teaches in the temple; debate with the Jews.
- 7:15 Without having studied: literally, “How does he know letters without having learned?” Children were taught to read and write by means of the scriptures. But here more than Jesus’ literacy is being discussed; the people are wondering how he can teach like a rabbi. Rabbis were trained by other rabbis and traditionally quoted their teachers.
- 7:17 To do his will: presumably a reference back to the “work” of Jn 6:29: belief in the one whom God has sent.
- 7:20 You are possessed: literally, “You have a demon.” The insane were thought to be possessed by a demoniacal spirit.
- 7:21 One work: the cure of the paralytic (Jn 5:1–9) because of the reference to the sabbath (Jn 7:22; 5:9–10).
- 7:26 The authorities: the members of the Sanhedrin (same term as Jn 3:1).
- 7:32–36 Jesus announces his approaching departure (cf. also Jn 8:21; 12:36; 13:33) and complete control over his destiny.
- 7:35 Dispersion: or “diaspora”: Jews living outside Palestine. Greeks: probably refers to the Gentiles in the Mediterranean area; cf. Jn 12:20.
- 7:37, 39 Promise of living water through the Spirit.
- 7:38 Living water: not an exact quotation from any Old Testament passage; in the gospel context the gift of the Spirit is meant; cf. Jn 3:5. From within him: either Jesus or the believer; if Jesus, it continues the Jesus-Moses motif (water from the rock, Ex 17:6; Nm 20:11) as well as Jesus as the new temple (cf. Ez 47:1). Grammatically, it goes better with the believer.
- 7:39 No Spirit yet: Codex Vaticanus and early Latin, Syriac, and Coptic versions add “given.” In this gospel, the sending of the Spirit cannot take place until Jesus’ glorification through his death, resurrection, and ascension; cf. Jn 20:22.
- 7:40–53 Discussion of the Davidic lineage of the Messiah.
- 7:53–8:11 The story of the woman caught in adultery is a later insertion here, missing from all early Greek manuscripts. A Western text-type insertion, attested mainly in Old Latin translations, it is found in different places in different manuscripts: here, or after Jn 7:36 or at the end of this gospel, or after Lk 21:38, or at the end of that gospel. There are many non-Johannine features in the language, and there are also many doubtful readings within the passage. The style and motifs are similar to those of Luke, and it fits better with the general situation at the end of Lk 21, but it was probably inserted here because of the allusion to Jer 17:13 (cf. note on Jn 8:6) and the statement, “I do not judge anyone,” in Jn 8:15. The Catholic Church accepts this passage as canonical scripture.
John 7
New International Version
Jesus Goes to the Festival of Tabernacles
7 After this, Jesus went around in Galilee. He did not want[a] to go about in Judea because the Jewish leaders(A) there were looking for a way to kill him.(B) 2 But when the Jewish Festival of Tabernacles(C) was near, 3 Jesus’ brothers(D) said to him, “Leave Galilee and go to Judea, so that your disciples there may see the works you do. 4 No one who wants to become a public figure acts in secret. Since you are doing these things, show yourself to the world.” 5 For even his own brothers did not believe in him.(E)
6 Therefore Jesus told them, “My time(F) is not yet here; for you any time will do. 7 The world cannot hate you, but it hates me(G) because I testify that its works are evil.(H) 8 You go to the festival. I am not[b] going up to this festival, because my time(I) has not yet fully come.” 9 After he had said this, he stayed in Galilee.
10 However, after his brothers had left for the festival, he went also, not publicly, but in secret. 11 Now at the festival the Jewish leaders were watching for Jesus(J) and asking, “Where is he?”
12 Among the crowds there was widespread whispering about him. Some said, “He is a good man.”
Others replied, “No, he deceives the people.”(K) 13 But no one would say anything publicly about him for fear of the leaders.(L)
Jesus Teaches at the Festival
14 Not until halfway through the festival did Jesus go up to the temple courts and begin to teach.(M) 15 The Jews(N) there were amazed and asked, “How did this man get such learning(O) without having been taught?”(P)
16 Jesus answered, “My teaching is not my own. It comes from the one who sent me.(Q) 17 Anyone who chooses to do the will of God will find out(R) whether my teaching comes from God or whether I speak on my own. 18 Whoever speaks on their own does so to gain personal glory,(S) but he who seeks the glory of the one who sent him is a man of truth; there is nothing false about him. 19 Has not Moses given you the law?(T) Yet not one of you keeps the law. Why are you trying to kill me?”(U)
20 “You are demon-possessed,”(V) the crowd answered. “Who is trying to kill you?”
21 Jesus said to them, “I did one miracle,(W) and you are all amazed. 22 Yet, because Moses gave you circumcision(X) (though actually it did not come from Moses, but from the patriarchs),(Y) you circumcise a boy on the Sabbath. 23 Now if a boy can be circumcised on the Sabbath so that the law of Moses may not be broken, why are you angry with me for healing a man’s whole body on the Sabbath? 24 Stop judging by mere appearances, but instead judge correctly.”(Z)
Division Over Who Jesus Is
25 At that point some of the people of Jerusalem began to ask, “Isn’t this the man they are trying to kill?(AA) 26 Here he is, speaking publicly, and they are not saying a word to him. Have the authorities(AB) really concluded that he is the Messiah?(AC) 27 But we know where this man is from;(AD) when the Messiah comes, no one will know where he is from.”
28 Then Jesus, still teaching in the temple courts,(AE) cried out, “Yes, you know me, and you know where I am from.(AF) I am not here on my own authority, but he who sent me is true.(AG) You do not know him, 29 but I know him(AH) because I am from him and he sent me.”(AI)
30 At this they tried to seize him, but no one laid a hand on him,(AJ) because his hour had not yet come.(AK) 31 Still, many in the crowd believed in him.(AL) They said, “When the Messiah comes, will he perform more signs(AM) than this man?”
32 The Pharisees heard the crowd whispering such things about him. Then the chief priests and the Pharisees sent temple guards to arrest him.
33 Jesus said, “I am with you for only a short time,(AN) and then I am going to the one who sent me.(AO) 34 You will look for me, but you will not find me; and where I am, you cannot come.”(AP)
35 The Jews said to one another, “Where does this man intend to go that we cannot find him? Will he go where our people live scattered(AQ) among the Greeks,(AR) and teach the Greeks? 36 What did he mean when he said, ‘You will look for me, but you will not find me,’ and ‘Where I am, you cannot come’?”(AS)
37 On the last and greatest day of the festival,(AT) Jesus stood and said in a loud voice, “Let anyone who is thirsty come to me and drink.(AU) 38 Whoever believes(AV) in me, as Scripture has said,(AW) rivers of living water(AX) will flow from within them.”[c](AY) 39 By this he meant the Spirit,(AZ) whom those who believed in him were later to receive.(BA) Up to that time the Spirit had not been given, since Jesus had not yet been glorified.(BB)
40 On hearing his words, some of the people said, “Surely this man is the Prophet.”(BC)
41 Others said, “He is the Messiah.”
Still others asked, “How can the Messiah come from Galilee?(BD) 42 Does not Scripture say that the Messiah will come from David’s descendants(BE) and from Bethlehem,(BF) the town where David lived?” 43 Thus the people were divided(BG) because of Jesus. 44 Some wanted to seize him, but no one laid a hand on him.(BH)
Unbelief of the Jewish Leaders
45 Finally the temple guards went back to the chief priests and the Pharisees, who asked them, “Why didn’t you bring him in?”
46 “No one ever spoke the way this man does,”(BI) the guards replied.
47 “You mean he has deceived you also?”(BJ) the Pharisees retorted. 48 “Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees believed in him?(BK) 49 No! But this mob that knows nothing of the law—there is a curse on them.”
50 Nicodemus,(BL) who had gone to Jesus earlier and who was one of their own number, asked, 51 “Does our law condemn a man without first hearing him to find out what he has been doing?”
52 They replied, “Are you from Galilee, too? Look into it, and you will find that a prophet does not come out of Galilee.”(BM)
[The earliest manuscripts and many other ancient witnesses do not have John 7:53—8:11. A few manuscripts include these verses, wholly or in part, after John 7:36, John 21:25, Luke 21:38 or Luke 24:53.]
53 Then they all went home,
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