以色列人被基遍人欺骗

住在约旦河西的山区、丘陵以及地中海沿岸、远至黎巴嫩的诸王,就是那些赫人、亚摩利人、迦南人、比利洗人、希未人和耶布斯人的王听说这件事, 就联合起来对抗约书亚和以色列人。 基遍的居民听说约书亚在耶利哥和艾城所做的事, 便想出一个诡计来。他们装作特使,把旧皮袋和缝补过的酒囊驮在驴背上, 穿着缝补过的旧鞋和破烂衣服,带着又干又发霉的饼, 到吉甲营去见约书亚。他们对约书亚和以色列人说:“我们从很远的地方来求你们跟我们缔结盟约。” 以色列人对这些希未人说:“你们也许就住在附近。我们怎么能跟你们缔结盟约呢?” 他们对约书亚说:“我们是你的奴仆。”约书亚说:“你们是什么人?从哪里来?” 他们答道:“仆人们从很远的地方来。我们听说了你的上帝耶和华的威名,听说了祂在埃及的一切作为, 10 以及祂怎样对付约旦河东的两个亚摩利王——希实本王西宏和亚斯她录的巴珊王噩。 11 因此,我们的长老和人民就派我们带着干粮来迎接你们,甘做你们的仆人,希望跟你们缔结盟约。 12 我们出来的时候带的饼是热的,看啊,现在又干又发霉了。 13 这些皮酒囊原来也是新的,但现在已经破了。因为长途跋涉,我们的衣服和鞋子也都破旧不堪了。” 14 以色列人接受了他们的食物,却没有求问耶和华。 15 约书亚与他们立了和平盟约,容他们存活,会众的首领也向他们起誓守约。

16 立约三天后,以色列人才发现他们原来就住在附近。 17 以色列人启程,走了三天来到他们居住的基遍、基非拉、比录和基列·耶琳各城。 18 会众的首领曾凭以色列的上帝耶和华向他们起过誓,所以不能杀他们。全体会众因此向首领大发怨言。 19 首领便对全体会众说:“我们曾凭以色列的上帝耶和华向他们起誓,我们现在不能动他们。 20 我们要容他们存活,免得我们因违背誓言而惹耶和华发怒。” 21 首领又说:“就容他们存活吧。”首领就叫他们为全体会众劈柴挑水。

22 于是,约书亚召来他们,对他们说:“你们为什么要欺骗我们,说你们住得很远?其实你们就住在附近。 23 因此,你们是受咒诅的。你们要永远做奴仆,为我上帝的殿劈柴挑水。” 24 他们答道:“仆人们这样做是因为害怕丧命。我们听说你的上帝耶和华曾经应许祂仆人摩西,要把这整片土地都赐给你们,并要将这里的居民杀尽。 25 现在我们既然落在你的手中,你们想怎样对待我们就怎样对待吧。” 26 约书亚不让以色列人加害他们,因此他们没有被杀死。 27 那天,约书亚让他们在耶和华指定的地方,为会众和耶和华的祭坛劈柴挑水。他们至今仍做这样的工作。

The Treaty with the Gibeonites

And it came to pass when (A)all the kings who were on this side of the Jordan, in the hills and in the lowland and in all the coasts of (B)the Great Sea toward Lebanon—(C)the Hittite, the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite—heard about it, that they (D)gathered together to fight with Joshua and Israel with one [a]accord.

But when the inhabitants of (E)Gibeon (F)heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai, they worked craftily, and went and [b]pretended to be ambassadors. And they took old sacks on their donkeys, old wineskins torn and [c]mended, old and patched sandals on their feet, and old garments on themselves; and all the bread of their provision was dry and moldy. And they went to Joshua, (G)to the camp at Gilgal, and said to him and to the men of Israel, “We have come from a far country; now therefore, make a [d]covenant with us.”

Then the men of Israel said to the (H)Hivites, “Perhaps you dwell among us; so (I)how can we make a covenant with you?”

But they said to Joshua, (J)“We are your servants.”

And Joshua said to them, “Who are you, and where do you come from?”

So they said to him: (K)“From a very far country your servants have come, because of the name of the Lord your God; for we have (L)heard of His fame, and all that He did in Egypt, 10 and (M)all that He did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan—to Sihon king of Heshbon, and Og king of Bashan, who was at Ashtaroth. 11 Therefore our elders and all the inhabitants of our country spoke to us, saying, ‘Take provisions with you for the journey, and go to meet them, and say to them, “We are your servants; now therefore, make a covenant with us.” ’ 12 This bread of ours we took hot for our provision from our houses on the day we departed to come to you. But now look, it is dry and moldy. 13 And these wineskins which we filled were new, and see, they are torn; and these our garments and our sandals have become old because of the very long journey.”

14 Then the men of Israel took some of their provisions; (N)but they [e]did not ask counsel of the Lord. 15 So Joshua (O)made peace with them, and made a covenant with them to let them live; and the rulers of the congregation swore to them.

16 And it happened at the end of three days, after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbors who dwelt near them. 17 Then the children of Israel journeyed and came to their cities on the third day. Now their cities were (P)Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kirjath Jearim. 18 But the children of Israel did not [f]attack them, (Q)because the rulers of the congregation had sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel. And all the congregation complained against the rulers.

19 Then all the rulers said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel; now therefore, we may not touch them. 20 This we will do to them: We will let them live, lest (R)wrath be upon us because of the oath which we swore to them.” 21 And the rulers said to them, “Let them live, but let them be (S)woodcutters and water carriers for all the congregation, as the rulers had (T)promised them.”

22 Then Joshua called for them, and he spoke to them, saying, “Why have you deceived us, saying, (U)‘We are very far from you,’ when (V)you dwell near us? 23 Now therefore, you are (W)cursed, and none of you shall be freed from being slaves—woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God.”

24 So they answered Joshua and said, “Because your servants were clearly told that the Lord your God (X)commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore (Y)we were very much afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing. 25 And now, here we are, (Z)in your hands; do with us as it seems good and right to do to us.” 26 So he did to them, and delivered them out of the hand of the children of Israel, so that they did not kill them. 27 And that day Joshua made them (AA)woodcutters and water carriers for the congregation and for the altar of the Lord, (AB)in the place which He would choose, even to this day.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:2 Lit. mouth
  2. Joshua 9:4 acted as envoys
  3. Joshua 9:4 Lit. tied up
  4. Joshua 9:6 treaty
  5. Joshua 9:14 Lit. did not inquire at the mouth of
  6. Joshua 9:18 strike

The Gibeonite Deception

As soon as all the kings who were beyond the Jordan (A)in the hill country and in the lowland all along the coast (B)of the Great Sea toward Lebanon, (C)the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, heard of this, they gathered together as one to fight against Joshua and Israel.

But when the inhabitants of (D)Gibeon heard what Joshua had done (E)to Jericho and (F)to Ai, they on their part acted with cunning and went and made ready provisions and took worn-out sacks for their donkeys, and wineskins, worn-out and torn and mended, with worn-out, patched sandals on their feet, and worn-out clothes. And all their provisions were dry and crumbly. And they went to Joshua in (G)the camp at Gilgal and said to him and to the men of Israel, “We have come from a distant country, so now make a covenant with us.” But the men of Israel said to (H)the Hivites, “Perhaps you live among us; then (I)how can we make a covenant with you?” They said to Joshua, (J)“We are your servants.” And Joshua said to them, “Who are you? And where do you come from?” They said to him, (K)“From a very distant country your servants have come, because of the name of the Lord your God. (L)For we have heard a report of him, and all that he did in Egypt, 10 (M)and all that he did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon the king of Heshbon, and to Og king of Bashan, who lived in (N)Ashtaroth. 11 So our elders and all the inhabitants of our country said to us, ‘Take provisions in your hand for the journey and go to meet them and say to them, “We are your servants. Come now, make a covenant with us.”’ 12 Here is our bread. It was still warm when we took it from our houses as our food for the journey on the day we set out to come to you, but now, behold, it is dry and crumbly. 13 These wineskins were new when we filled them, and behold, they have burst. And these garments and sandals of ours are worn out from the very long journey.” 14 So the men took some of their provisions, but (O)did not ask counsel from the Lord. 15 And Joshua (P)made peace with them and made a covenant with them, to let them live, and the leaders of the congregation swore to them.

16 At the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, they heard that they were their neighbors (Q)and that they lived among them. 17 And the people of Israel set out and reached their cities on the third day. (R)Now their cities were Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kiriath-jearim. 18 But the people of Israel did not attack them, because the leaders of the congregation had sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Israel. Then all the congregation murmured against the leaders. 19 But all the leaders said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Israel, and now we may not touch them. 20 This we will do to them: let them live, lest (S)wrath be upon us, (T)because of the oath that we swore to them.” 21 And the leaders said to them, “Let them live.” So they became (U)cutters of wood and drawers of water for all the congregation, just as the leaders (V)had said of them.

22 Joshua summoned them, and he said to them, “Why did you deceive us, saying, (W)‘We are very far from you,’ when (X)you dwell among us? 23 Now therefore you are cursed, and some of you shall never be anything but servants, (Y)cutters of wood and drawers of water for the house of my God.” 24 They answered Joshua, “Because it was told to your servants for a certainty that the Lord your God had (Z)commanded his servant Moses to give you all the land and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you—so (AA)we feared greatly for our lives because of you and did this thing. 25 And now, behold, we are in your hand. Whatever seems good and right in your sight to do to us, do it.” 26 So he did this to them and delivered them out of the hand of the people of Israel, and they did not kill them. 27 But Joshua made them that day (AB)cutters of wood and drawers of water for the congregation and for the altar of the Lord, to this day, (AC)in the place that he should choose.

El pacto con los gabaonitas

Los reyes hititas, amorreos, cananeos, ferezeos, heveos y jebuseos se enteraron de lo sucedido. (Estos reyes vivían en la orilla occidental del río Jordán, en las montañas, en la llanura y en toda la costa del mar Mediterráneo hasta las regiones del Líbano.) Entonces todos ellos se pusieron de acuerdo y se aliaron para enfrentarse con Josué y los israelitas. Sin embargo, los heveos que vivían en Gabaón supieron lo que Josué había hecho con las ciudades de Jericó y de Ai, y decidieron engañarlo. Se pusieron en camino, echando sobre sus asnos costales y cueros de vino viejos, rotos y remendados; también se pusieron ropa y sandalias viejas y remendadas, y tomaron para el camino únicamente pan seco y mohoso. Cuando llegaron al campamento de Guilgal, dijeron a Josué y a los israelitas:

—Venimos de tierras lejanas. Hagan ustedes un pacto con nosotros.

Los israelitas les contestaron a los heveos:

—A lo mejor ustedes viven por aquí, cerca de nosotros; ¿cómo vamos entonces a hacer un pacto con ustedes?

Pero ellos dijeron a Josué:

—Nosotros nos ponemos al servicio de usted.

Él les preguntó:

—¿Quiénes son ustedes? ¿De dónde vienen?

Y ellos respondieron:

—Venimos de muy lejos, debido a la fama del Señor su Dios. Hemos sabido todo lo que él hizo en Egipto, 10 y lo que les hizo a los dos reyes amorreos al otro lado del río Jordán, es decir, a Sihón de Hesbón y a Og de Basán, que vivía en Astarot. 11 Por eso, nuestros jefes y nuestros compatriotas nos dijeron: “Tomen ustedes provisiones para el camino y vayan a donde ellos están. Díganles que nos ponemos a su servicio y que queremos hacer un pacto con ellos.” 12 Cuando salimos en busca de ustedes, este pan todavía estaba caliente, y ahora ya está mohoso y seco. 13 También estos cueros estaban nuevos cuando los llenamos de vino, y ahora ya están rotos. Y lo mismo ha pasado con nuestra ropa y nuestras sandalias, pues el camino ha sido largo.

14 Los israelitas probaron las provisiones de los gabaonitas, pero no consultaron al Señor. 15 Entonces Josué hizo un pacto de paz con ellos, comprometiéndose a perdonarles la vida; y los demás jefes israelitas juraron hacer lo mismo.

16 Tres días después, los israelitas se enteraron de que los gabaonitas eran vecinos suyos, y de que vivían cerca de ellos. 17 Entonces salieron en busca de los gabaonitas, y al tercer día llegaron a sus ciudades, que eran Gabaón, Quefirá, Beerot y Quiriat-jearim. 18 Pero los israelitas no los mataron, porque los jefes les habían jurado por el Señor y Dios de Israel que les perdonarían la vida.

Por esta razón el pueblo murmuraba contra sus jefes, 19 pero los jefes les dijeron:

—Nosotros les hemos jurado por el Señor, el Dios de Israel, que no los mataríamos. Por eso, ahora no podemos hacerles nada. 20 Tenemos que dejarlos vivir, porque si rompemos el juramento, Dios se enojará con nosotros.

21 Así pues, los jefes israelitas ordenaron que se les dejara con vida, pero que fueran puestos como leñadores y aguadores para todo el pueblo. De esa manera los jefes mantuvieron su promesa.

22 Por su parte, Josué llamó a los gabaonitas y les preguntó:

—¿Por qué nos engañaron diciéndonos que venían de muy lejos, cuando la verdad es que viven aquí mismo? 23 Por esta razón quedarán ustedes bajo maldición, y para siempre serán sirvientes. Tendrán que cortar la leña y sacar el agua que se necesite para la casa de mi Dios.

24 Y ellos contestaron a Josué:

—Nosotros lo hicimos porque teníamos mucho miedo de que usted nos fuera a matar, pues nos enteramos de que el Señor su Dios le había ordenado a Moisés, su siervo, darles a ustedes toda esta región, y destruir a todos los que vivían aquí. 25 Pero estamos en sus manos; haga usted con nosotros lo que le parezca más conveniente.

26 Josué, pues, no permitió que los israelitas mataran a los gabaonitas, 27 pero los destinó a ser leñadores y aguadores para el pueblo y para el altar del Señor, en el lugar que el Señor escogiera. Y todavía hoy los gabaonitas tienen esa ocupación.