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约书亚再攻艾城

耶和华对约书亚说:“你不要惧怕,也不要惊慌,你只管带领所有能作战的人,起来上艾城去;你看,我已经把艾城的王和他的人民、城市、土地都交在你手里了。 你怎样对待耶利哥和耶利哥的王,也要照样对待艾城和艾城的王;只是城中的战利品和牲畜,你们可以据为己有;你要在城后面设下攻城的伏兵。”

于是,约书亚和所有能作战的人都起来上艾城去;约书亚选了三万英勇的战士,趁夜派他们出去, 吩咐他们说:“你们注意,要在城后面埋伏攻城;不可离城太远,人人都要作好准备。 我和所有与我一起的人,要向城推进。城里的人像前一次出来攻击我们的时候,我们就在他们面前逃跑; 他们必定出来追赶我们,我们就把他们引出城来,因为他们必定说:‘这些人像前一次一样在我们面前逃跑了。’所以我们要在他们面前逃跑。 那时你们就要从埋伏的地方起来,占领那城,因为耶和华你们的 神必把城交在你们的手里。 你们占领了城以后,就要放火烧城;要照着耶和华的话行事;你们要谨慎,我已经吩咐你们了。” 约书亚差派他们去了,他们就上到埋伏的地方去,住在伯特利和艾城的中间,就是在艾城的西边。那一夜,约书亚却在人民中间住宿。

10 约书亚清早起来,召集人民上艾城去,他和以色列的长老走在人民的前面。 11 所有与他在一起的战士都上去,迫近艾城,在城的北面安营;在约书亚和艾城中间有一个山谷, 12 约书亚挑了大约五千人,要他们埋伏在伯特利和艾城中间,就是艾城的西面。 13 于是他们把众民,就是在城北的全军和在城西的伏兵都布置好了。那一夜,约书亚走进了山谷之中。 14 艾城的王看见了这情形,就和艾城的人急忙在清早起来,按着亚拉巴前面所约定之处出到亚拉巴,要与以色列人交战;王却不知道在城后面有伏兵要攻击他。 15 约书亚和以色列人在他们面前装败,沿着通往旷野的路逃跑。 16 城里的众民都被召集,去追赶他们;艾城的人追赶约书亚的时候,就都被诱离城。 17 艾城和伯特利城没有留下一个人不出来追赶以色列人;他们撇下了敞开的城门,去追赶以色列人。

攻陷艾城

18 耶和华对约书亚说:“你向着艾城伸出你手中的短枪,因为我要把城交在你手里。”约书亚就向着艾城伸出他手里的短枪。 19 他一伸手,伏兵就从埋伏的地方急忙起来,冲进城去,把城夺取,并连忙放火烧城。 20 艾城的人转身观看,看见城里浓烟冲天,就全身乏力,不能逃跑;往旷野逃跑的以色列人就转过来攻击追赶他们的人。 21 约书亚和以色列人看见伏兵已经夺取了城,又看见城中浓烟上升,就转回,击杀艾城的人。 22 伏兵也出城攻击艾城的人;艾城的人就被困在以色列人中间,前后受敌;于是以色列人把他们击杀,没有留下一个,也没有一个逃脱。 23 他们活捉了艾城的王,把他解到约书亚那里。

24 以色列人在田间、在旷野,杀尽了所有追赶他们的艾城的居民,艾城的人全部倒在刀下,直到完全消灭;接着,以色列众人回到艾城,用刀击杀了城中的人。 25 那一天被杀的人,连男带女,共有一万二千人,就是艾城所有的人。 26 约书亚没有收回伸出短枪的手,直到把艾城的居民都消灭为止。 27 只有那城里的牲畜和战利品,以色列人照着耶和华吩咐约书亚的话,都据为己有。 28 约书亚烧了艾城,使城永远成为废堆,一片荒凉,直到今日。 29 他又把艾城的王悬在树上,直到黄昏的时候;日落的时候,约书亚吩咐人把尸体从树上拿下来,丢在城门口那里,又在尸体上堆起了一大堆石头,这堆石头一直存到今日。

以巴路山上筑坛宣读律法

30 那时,约书亚在以巴路山上,为耶和华以色列的 神筑了一座祭坛, 31 是照着耶和华的仆人摩西吩咐以色列人的,照着摩西律法书上所写的,用未经过铁器打凿的整块石块筑成的一座祭坛;在这祭坛之上,众人向耶和华献燔祭,也献平安祭。 32 约书亚在那里,当着以色列人面前,把摩西所写的摩西律法抄写在石头上。 33 全体以色列人和他们的长老、官长,以及审判官,都站在约柜的两旁,在抬耶和华约柜的利未支派的祭司前面;无论是寄居的,或是本地人,一半对着基利心山,一半对着以巴路山;正如耶和华的仆人摩西以前所吩咐的,好为以色列民祝福。 34 然后,约书亚宣读律法上一切祝福和咒诅的话,全都照着律法书上所写的一切。 35 摩西吩咐的一切话,约书亚在以色列全体会众和妇女、小孩,以及在他们中间来往的寄居者面前,没有一句不向他们宣读出来的。

La conquête de la ville d’Aï

L’Eternel dit à Josué : N’aie pas peur, ne crains rien ! Emmène avec toi tous les soldats et va attaquer Aï ! Car je livre le roi d’Aï en ton pouvoir ainsi que son peuple, sa ville et tout son territoire. Tu traiteras Aï et son roi comme tu as traité Jéricho et son roi. Toutefois, vous pourrez prendre pour vous comme butin ses biens et son bétail. Place des guerriers en embuscade derrière la ville[a].

Josué se mit en route avec toute son armée pour attaquer Aï. Il choisit trente mille valeureux guerriers et les fit partir de nuit en leur donnant les ordres suivants : Allez vous poster en embuscade derrière la ville, sans trop vous en éloigner, et tenez-vous tous prêts à intervenir. Je m’approcherai de la ville avec le gros de la troupe. Lorsque les gens d’Aï sortiront pour nous affronter comme la première fois, nous fuirons devant eux. Ils se lanceront à notre poursuite et nous les attirerons loin de la ville. En effet, ils penseront que nous fuyons encore devant eux, comme l’autre fois. A ce moment-là, vous surgirez de votre cachette et vous vous emparerez de la ville, car l’Eternel votre Dieu la livre en votre pouvoir. Dès que vous en serez maîtres, vous y mettrez le feu, comme l’Eternel l’a commandé. Voilà quels sont mes ordres.

Là-dessus, Josué les fit partir et ils allèrent se poster en embuscade entre Béthel et Aï, à l’ouest d’Aï, tandis que Josué passa la nuit avec le reste du peuple.

10 Le lendemain, Josué se leva de bon matin et passa ses troupes en revue, puis il prit la tête de l’armée, accompagné des responsables d’Israël, pour marcher contre Aï[b]. 11 Toute l’armée qu’il conduisait s’avança ainsi jusqu’à ce qu’elle arrive en face de la ville. Ils prirent position au nord d’Aï dont une vallée les séparait. 12 Josué avait pris environ cinq mille hommes et les avait postés en embuscade entre Béthel et Aï, à l’ouest de la ville. 13 Le gros de l’armée installa son camp au nord de la ville tandis que l’arrière-garde des troupes se tenait à l’ouest. Durant cette nuit, Josué partit en reconnaissance au milieu de la vallée.

14 Quand le roi d’Aï vit la situation, il fit lever en hâte tous les hommes et se dépêcha de sortir de la ville pour se rendre sur le champ de bataille et affronter Israël en face de la plaine. Il ne se doutait pas qu’une embuscade avait été dressée contre lui derrière la ville. 15 Josué et les Israélites firent semblant d’être battus par eux et s’enfuirent en direction du désert. 16 Tous les gens qui étaient dans la ville furent appelés à grands cris pour les poursuivre. Ils se précipitèrent donc sur les pas de Josué et se laissèrent attirer loin de la ville. 17 Il ne resta dans Aï[c] pas un homme qui ne sortît à la poursuite d’Israël. Ainsi ils abandonnèrent la ville ouverte pour poursuivre les Israélites.

La victoire sur Aï

18 Alors l’Eternel dit à Josué : Pointe le javelot que tu tiens en main en direction d’Aï, car je vais la livrer en ton pouvoir. Josué pointa le javelot en direction de la ville. 19 Aussitôt, les hommes qui se tenaient en embuscade surgirent de leur cachette à toute vitesse et s’élancèrent vers la ville ; ils y entrèrent, s’en emparèrent, et y mirent le feu. 20 Lorsque les hommes d’Aï se retournèrent, ils virent la fumée qui s’élevait de leur ville dans le ciel. Ils n’eurent même plus la possibilité de fuir, toute retraite d’un côté comme de l’autre leur étant coupée, car les Israélites qui fuyaient vers le désert faisaient à présent volte-face contre leurs poursuivants. 21 En effet, Josué et ses troupes, voyant que la ville avait été prise et incendiée par les hommes placés en embuscade, se retournaient pour attaquer les gens d’Aï. 22 Et les autres soldats sortaient à leur tour de la ville pour les rejoindre, si bien que les gens d’Aï se trouvaient cernés de part et d’autre par les Israélites qui les battirent sans en laisser échapper un seul et sans leur laisser de survivants. 23 Le roi d’Aï fut capturé vivant et amené à Josué. 24 Les Israélites tuèrent tous les habitants d’Aï, soit en pleine campagne, soit dans le désert où ils les avaient poursuivis ; tous tombèrent sous les coups de leurs épées jusqu’au dernier. Après cela, tous les hommes d’Israël rentrèrent dans la ville et exterminèrent le reste de la population. 25 Ainsi périrent, ce jour-là, douze mille personnes, hommes et femmes, c’est-à-dire toute la population d’Aï. 26 Josué n’avait cessé de tenir son javelot tendu jusqu’à ce que tous les habitants de la ville aient été exterminés. 27 Les Israélites prirent cependant comme butin le bétail et les biens qui se trouvaient dans la ville, comme l’Eternel l’avait ordonné à Josué. 28 Josué incendia Aï, il en fit pour toujours un monceau de ruines, un lieu désert, ce qu’elle est encore aujourd’hui. 29 Quant au roi d’Aï, on le pendit à un arbre où on laissa son corps jusqu’au soir. Comme le soleil se couchait, Josué ordonna de descendre le cadavre de l’arbre[d]. On le jeta à l’entrée de la porte de la ville et l’on dressa sur lui un grand tas de pierres qui se voit encore aujourd’hui.

La lecture de la Loi devant toute l’assemblée

30 Alors Josué bâtit un autel à l’Eternel, le Dieu d’Israël, sur le mont Ebal[e]. 31 Il le construisit conformément aux ordres que Moïse, serviteur de l’Eternel, avait donnés aux Israélites et qui sont consignés dans le livre de la Loi de Moïse : un autel de pierres brutes qu’aucun outil de fer n’avait touchées[f]. On y offrit des holocaustes à l’Eternel et des sacrifices de communion. 32 Josué grava sur des pierres une copie de la Loi que Moïse avait mise par écrit sous les yeux des Israélites[g]. 33 Pendant ce temps, tout Israël avec ses responsables, ses officiers et ses chefs se tenaient debout de part et d’autre du coffre de l’alliance de l’Eternel en face des prêtres-lévites qui le portaient. Les étrangers comme les Israélites d’origine étaient là. La moitié d’entre eux se tenaient du côté du mont Garizim, l’autre moitié du côté du mont Ebal comme Moïse, serviteur de l’Eternel, avait autrefois ordonné de procéder pour bénir le peuple d’Israël[h]. 34 Josué lut ensuite tout le texte de la Loi, les paroles de bénédiction comme de malédiction[i], telles qu’elles se trouvaient dans le livre de la Loi. 35 Devant toute l’assemblée d’Israël, y compris les femmes, les enfants et les étrangers qui vivaient au milieu du peuple, il lut tout ce que Moïse avait ordonné, sans en rien omettre.

Footnotes

  1. 8.2 C’est-à-dire du côté opposé à la porte de la ville qui constituait généralement la cible des attaquants.
  2. 8.10 A une vingtaine de kilomètres.
  3. 8.17 D’après l’ancienne version grecque. Texte hébreu traditionnel : dans Aï et dans Béthel.
  4. 8.29 Voir Dt 21.22-23.
  5. 8.30 Voir Dt 11.29. Au pied de ce mont se trouvait la forteresse de Sichem.
  6. 8.31 Voir Dt 27.4-14.
  7. 8.32 Voir Dt 27.2-3.
  8. 8.33 Voir Dt 11.29 ; 27.11-13.
  9. 8.34 Voir Dt 27 à 28.

And the Lord said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:

And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.

So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.

And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:

And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,

(For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.

Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the Lord your God will deliver it into your hand.

And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the Lord shall ye do. See, I have commanded you.

Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

10 And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

11 And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.

12 And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city.

13 And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.

14 And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.

15 And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.

16 And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.

17 And there was not a man left in Ai or Bethel, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

18 And the Lord said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.

19 And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.

20 And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers.

21 And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.

22 And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

23 And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

24 And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.

25 And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

26 For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.

27 Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey unto themselves, according unto the word of the Lord which he commanded Joshua.

28 And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.

29 And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.

30 Then Joshua built an altar unto the Lord God of Israel in mount Ebal,

31 As Moses the servant of the Lord commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings unto the Lord, and sacrificed peace offerings.

32 And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.

33 And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord, as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel.

34 And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

35 There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.

The Fall of Ai

Now the Lord said to Joshua: (A)“Do not be afraid, nor be dismayed; take all the people of war with you, and arise, go up to Ai. See, (B)I have given into your hand the king of Ai, his people, his city, and his land. And you shall do to Ai and its king as you did to (C)Jericho and its king. Only (D)its spoil and its cattle you shall take as booty for yourselves. Lay an ambush for the city behind it.”

So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai; and Joshua chose thirty thousand mighty men of valor and sent them away by night. And he commanded them, saying: “Behold, (E)you shall lie in ambush against the city, behind the city. Do not go very far from the city, but all of you be ready. Then I and all the people who are with me will approach the city; and it will come about, when they come out against us as at the first, that (F)we shall flee before them. For they will come out after us till we have drawn them from the city, for they will say, ‘They are fleeing before us as at the first.’ Therefore we will flee before them. Then you shall rise from the ambush and seize the city, for the Lord your God will deliver it into your hand. And it will be, when you have taken the city, that you shall set the city on fire. According to the commandment of the Lord you shall do. (G)See, I have commanded you.”

Joshua therefore sent them out; and they went to lie in ambush, and stayed between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai; but Joshua lodged that night among the people. 10 Then Joshua rose up early in the morning and mustered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai. 11 (H)And all the people of war who were with him went up and drew near; and they came before the city and camped on the north side of Ai. Now a valley lay between them and Ai. 12 So he took about five thousand men and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of [a]the city. 13 And when they had set the people, all the army that was on the north of the city, and its rear guard on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.

14 Now it happened, when the king of Ai saw it, that the men of the city hurried and rose early and went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at an appointed place before the plain. But he (I)did not know that there was an ambush against him behind the city. 15 And Joshua and all Israel (J)made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness. 16 So all the people who were in Ai were called together to pursue them. And they pursued Joshua and were drawn away from the city. 17 There was not a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. So they left the city open and pursued Israel.

18 Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Stretch out the spear that is in your hand toward Ai, for I will give it into your hand.” And Joshua stretched out the spear that was in his hand toward the city. 19 So those in ambush arose quickly out of their place; they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand, and they entered the city and took it, and hurried to set the city on fire. 20 And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and behold, the smoke of the city ascended to heaven. So they had no power to flee this way or that way, and the people who had fled to the wilderness turned back on the pursuers.

21 Now when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city and that the smoke of the city ascended, they turned back and struck down the men of Ai. 22 Then the others came out of the city against them; so they were caught in the midst of Israel, some on this side and some on that side. And they struck them down, so that they (K)let none of them remain or escape. 23 But the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

24 And it came to pass when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness where they pursued them, and when they all had fallen by the edge of the sword until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned to Ai and struck it with the edge of the sword. 25 So it was that all who fell that day, both men and women, were twelve thousand—all the people of Ai. 26 For Joshua did not draw back his hand, with which he stretched out the spear, until he had (L)utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai. 27 (M)Only the livestock and the spoil of that city Israel took as booty for themselves, according to the word of the Lord which He had (N)commanded Joshua. 28 So Joshua burned Ai and made it (O)a heap forever, a desolation to this day. 29 (P)And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until evening. (Q)And as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his corpse down from the tree, cast it at the entrance of the gate of the city, and (R)raise over it a great heap of stones that remains to this day.

Joshua Renews the Covenant(S)

30 Now Joshua built an altar to the Lord God of Israel (T)in Mount Ebal, 31 as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the Book of the Law of Moses: (U)“an altar of whole stones over which no man has wielded an iron tool.” And (V)they offered on it burnt offerings to the Lord, and sacrificed peace offerings. 32 And there, in the presence of the children of Israel, (W)he wrote on the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he had written. 33 Then all Israel, with their elders and officers and judges, stood on either side of the ark before the priests, the Levites, (X)who bore the ark of the covenant of the Lord, (Y)the stranger as well as he who was born among them. Half of them were in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal, (Z)as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel. 34 And afterward (AA)he read all the words of the law, (AB)the blessings and the cursings, according to all that is written in the (AC)Book of the Law. 35 There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded which Joshua did not read before all the assembly of Israel, (AD)with the women, the little ones, (AE)and the strangers who were living among them.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 8:12 Ai