艾城之战

耶和华对约书亚说:“不要害怕,也不用沮丧。只管率领全军去攻打艾城,我已经将艾城的王、他的人民、城池和土地都交在你手里了。 你怎样对待耶利哥和耶利哥王,也要照样对待艾城和艾城的王。不过你们可以拿去城中的财物和牲畜。你要在城后设下伏兵。”

于是,约书亚率领全军前往艾城。他挑选了三万精兵,派他们在黑夜出发, 并吩咐他们说:“你们要在城后埋伏,不可离城太远,要随时准备行动。 我会率领军队正面攻城,当敌人像上次那样出城应战时,我们便逃跑。 他们必定乘胜追击,我们便引他们离城,因为敌人一定会以为我们又像上次一样临阵逃跑。 那时,你们便从埋伏的地方冲出来攻占艾城,你们的上帝耶和华一定会把艾城交在你们手里。 你们攻陷艾城以后,要照耶和华的话放火焚城。这是我的命令。” 于是,约书亚派遣他们出去。他们去埋伏在伯特利和艾城之间,就是艾城的西面。那一夜,约书亚住在民众当中。

10 第二天清早,约书亚召集民众,与以色列的众首领率领全军前往艾城。 11 他们来到城外,在城的北面扎营,与艾城相隔一个山谷。 12 约书亚选了五千人,让他们埋伏在艾城和伯特利之间,就是艾城的西面。 13 于是,城北的主力军队和城西的伏兵都部署好了。当晚,约书亚在山谷里过夜。 14 艾城的王见以色列人兵临城下,清早便急忙和全城的人起来出城迎战,在亚拉巴谷附近跟以色列军交锋,他不知道城后有伏兵。 15 约书亚带领以色列军诈败,沿着通往旷野的路逃跑。 16 艾城的人都被召去追赶以色列人,他们都被诱出城。 17 这样,伯特利和艾城的人倾巢而出,追杀以色列人,他们的城门大开。

18 耶和华对约书亚说:“把你手中的矛指向艾城,因为我要将这城交在你手里。”约书亚就把手中的矛指向艾城。 19 他一伸手,城后的伏兵立即行动,迅速冲进城去,一举占领艾城,并放火烧城。 20 艾城的人回头发现城内烟气冲天,却无路可逃,因为那些诈败的以色列人已掉头攻击他们。 21 约书亚和全军见伏兵已经占领艾城,城中浓烟滚滚,便掉头攻击艾城的人。 22 伏兵也出城追击艾城的人。以色列军前后夹攻,把敌人围困在中间全部歼灭,无一漏网。 23 他们生擒了艾城的王,将他押到约书亚那里。

24 以色列军在田间和旷野杀尽了追赶他们的艾城人后,又进城杀了留在城里的人, 25 当天被杀的艾城人男男女女共有一万二千人。 26 一直到艾城所有的人都被杀光了,约书亚才收回手中的矛。 27 以色列人照耶和华对约书亚的吩咐,只带走了城中的牲畜和财物。 28 约书亚烧毁全城,使城永远成为一堆废墟,至今仍一片荒凉。 29 约书亚又将艾城王的尸体挂在树上示众。黄昏时,他才吩咐人把尸体取下来丢在城门口,又在尸体上堆了一大堆石头。石堆至今还在。

重申律法

30-31 约书亚照耶和华的仆人摩西在律法书上吩咐以色列人的话,用未经铁器凿过的完整石头,在以巴路山上为以色列的上帝耶和华筑了一座祭坛。以色列人就在这坛上把燔祭和平安祭献给耶和华。 32 约书亚又在众人面前,将摩西所写的律法刻在石头上。 33 所有的以色列人,无论本族人、外族人、长老、官员或审判官,都站在耶和华的约柜两旁,面对着抬约柜的利未祭司。照耶和华的仆人摩西从前祝福他们时的吩咐,他们一半人站在基利心山前,一半人站在以巴路山前。 34 随后,约书亚向民众宣读记在摩西律法书上的一切祝福和咒诅。 35 他在全体会众,包括妇女、小孩以及住在他们中间的外族人面前,一字不漏地宣读摩西的一切吩咐。

Ai Destroyed

Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid;(A) do not be discouraged.(B) Take the whole army(C) with you, and go up and attack Ai.(D) For I have delivered(E) into your hands the king of Ai, his people, his city and his land. You shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho and its king, except that you may carry off their plunder(F) and livestock for yourselves.(G) Set an ambush(H) behind the city.”

So Joshua and the whole army moved out to attack Ai. He chose thirty thousand of his best fighting men and sent them out at night with these orders: “Listen carefully. You are to set an ambush behind the city. Don’t go very far from it. All of you be on the alert. I and all those with me will advance on the city, and when the men come out against us, as they did before, we will flee from them. They will pursue us until we have lured them away from the city, for they will say, ‘They are running away from us as they did before.’ So when we flee from them, you are to rise up from ambush and take the city. The Lord your God will give it into your hand.(I) When you have taken the city, set it on fire.(J) Do what the Lord has commanded.(K) See to it; you have my orders.”

Then Joshua sent them off, and they went to the place of ambush(L) and lay in wait between Bethel and Ai, to the west of Ai—but Joshua spent that night with the people.

10 Early the next morning(M) Joshua mustered his army, and he and the leaders of Israel(N) marched before them to Ai. 11 The entire force that was with him marched up and approached the city and arrived in front of it. They set up camp north of Ai, with the valley between them and the city. 12 Joshua had taken about five thousand men and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, to the west of the city. 13 So the soldiers took up their positions—with the main camp to the north of the city and the ambush to the west of it. That night Joshua went into the valley.

14 When the king of Ai saw this, he and all the men of the city hurried out early in the morning to meet Israel in battle at a certain place overlooking the Arabah.(O) But he did not know(P) that an ambush had been set against him behind the city. 15 Joshua and all Israel let themselves be driven back(Q) before them, and they fled toward the wilderness.(R) 16 All the men of Ai were called to pursue them, and they pursued Joshua and were lured away(S) from the city. 17 Not a man remained in Ai or Bethel who did not go after Israel. They left the city open and went in pursuit of Israel.

18 Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Hold out toward Ai the javelin(T) that is in your hand,(U) for into your hand I will deliver the city.” So Joshua held out toward the city the javelin that was in his hand.(V) 19 As soon as he did this, the men in the ambush rose quickly(W) from their position and rushed forward. They entered the city and captured it and quickly set it on fire.(X)

20 The men of Ai looked back and saw the smoke of the city rising up into the sky,(Y) but they had no chance to escape in any direction; the Israelites who had been fleeing toward the wilderness had turned back against their pursuers. 21 For when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city and that smoke was going up from it, they turned around(Z) and attacked the men of Ai. 22 Those in the ambush also came out of the city against them, so that they were caught in the middle, with Israelites on both sides. Israel cut them down, leaving them neither survivors nor fugitives.(AA) 23 But they took the king of Ai alive(AB) and brought him to Joshua.

24 When Israel had finished killing all the men of Ai in the fields and in the wilderness where they had chased them, and when every one of them had been put to the sword, all the Israelites returned to Ai and killed those who were in it. 25 Twelve thousand men and women fell that day—all the people of Ai.(AC) 26 For Joshua did not draw back the hand that held out his javelin(AD) until he had destroyed[a](AE) all who lived in Ai.(AF) 27 But Israel did carry off for themselves the livestock and plunder of this city, as the Lord had instructed Joshua.(AG)

28 So Joshua burned(AH) Ai[b](AI) and made it a permanent heap of ruins,(AJ) a desolate place to this day.(AK) 29 He impaled the body of the king of Ai on a pole and left it there until evening. At sunset,(AL) Joshua ordered them to take the body from the pole and throw it down at the entrance of the city gate. And they raised a large pile of rocks(AM) over it, which remains to this day.

The Covenant Renewed at Mount Ebal

30 Then Joshua built on Mount Ebal(AN) an altar(AO) to the Lord, the God of Israel, 31 as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded the Israelites. He built it according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses—an altar of uncut stones, on which no iron tool(AP) had been used. On it they offered to the Lord burnt offerings and sacrificed fellowship offerings.(AQ) 32 There, in the presence of the Israelites, Joshua wrote on stones a copy of the law of Moses.(AR) 33 All the Israelites, with their elders, officials and judges, were standing on both sides of the ark of the covenant of the Lord, facing the Levitical(AS) priests who carried it. Both the foreigners living among them and the native-born(AT) were there. Half of the people stood in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal,(AU) as Moses the servant of the Lord had formerly commanded when he gave instructions to bless the people of Israel.

34 Afterward, Joshua read all the words of the law—the blessings and the curses—just as it is written in the Book of the Law.(AV) 35 There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded that Joshua did not read to the whole assembly of Israel, including the women and children, and the foreigners who lived among them.(AW)

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 8:26 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
  2. Joshua 8:28 Ai means the ruin.

And the Lord said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:

And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.

So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.

And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:

And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,

(For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.

Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the Lord your God will deliver it into your hand.

And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the Lord shall ye do. See, I have commanded you.

Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

10 And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

11 And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.

12 And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city.

13 And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.

14 And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.

15 And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.

16 And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.

17 And there was not a man left in Ai or Bethel, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

18 And the Lord said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.

19 And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.

20 And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers.

21 And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.

22 And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

23 And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

24 And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.

25 And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

26 For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.

27 Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey unto themselves, according unto the word of the Lord which he commanded Joshua.

28 And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.

29 And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.

30 Then Joshua built an altar unto the Lord God of Israel in mount Ebal,

31 As Moses the servant of the Lord commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings unto the Lord, and sacrificed peace offerings.

32 And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.

33 And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord, as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel.

34 And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

35 There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.

攻取艾城

耶和华对约书亚说:“不要惧怕,也不要惊惶。你起来,率领所有作战的士兵上艾城去。看,我已经把艾城的王和他的百姓、他的城,以及他的地,都交在你手里。 你怎样处置耶利哥耶利哥的王,也当照样处置艾城艾城的王。只是城内所夺的财物和牲畜,你们可以取为自己的掠物。你要在城的后面设下伏兵。

于是,约书亚和所有作战的士兵都起来,上艾城去。约书亚选了三万大能的勇士,夜间派遣他们前去, 吩咐他们说:“看,你们要在城的后面埋伏,不可离城太远,各人都要准备。 我与我所带领的众士兵要向城前进。城里的人像上一次那样出来迎击我们的时候,我们就在他们面前逃跑。 他们会出来追赶我们,直到我们引诱他们远离那城。因为他们必说:‘这些人像上次那样在我们面前逃跑。’所以我们要在他们面前逃跑[a] 那时,你们就从埋伏的地方起来,夺取那城,因为耶和华—你们的 神必把城交在你们的手里。 你们夺了城以后,要放火烧城,照耶和华的话去做。看,这是我吩咐你们的。” 于是,约书亚派遣他们前去。他们行军到埋伏的地方,伏在伯特利艾城的中间,就是艾城的西边。这夜,约书亚在士兵中间过夜。

10 约书亚清早起来,点齐士兵。他和以色列的长老在百姓前面上艾城去。 11 所有跟他一起作战的士兵都上去,向前逼近,来到城前,就在艾城北边安营。约书亚艾城之间隔着一个山谷。 12 他选了约五千人,安排他们埋伏在伯特利艾城的中间,就是艾城的西边。 13 于是,他们布署军队,就是城北的全军和城西的伏兵。当夜约书亚进入山谷之中。 14 艾城的王看见了,就和城里的人清早起来,急忙出去,他和所有的士兵到了所定的地点,在亚拉巴前,迎击以色列,与之交战;王并不知道城的后面有伏兵。 15 约书亚以色列众人在他们面前装败,往旷野的路逃跑。 16 城内所有的百姓都被召来追赶他们。艾城的人追赶约书亚的时候,就被引诱远离了城。 17 艾城伯特利没有一人不出来追赶以色列人的。他们撇下敞开的城门,去追赶以色列人。

18 耶和华对约书亚说:“你向艾城伸出手里的标枪,因为我要把那城交在你手里。”约书亚就向那城伸出手里的标枪。 19 他一伸手,伏兵立刻从埋伏的地方冲出来,直攻入城,夺了它,立刻放火烧城。 20 艾城的人回头,往后一看,看哪,城中烟气冲天,他们向这边或那边都无处可逃。往旷野逃跑的百姓就转身攻击那些追赶他们的人。 21 约书亚以色列众人见伏兵已经夺了城,城中烟气上腾,就转身击杀艾城的人。 22 伏兵也出城追击他们,他们就被以色列人前后夹攻,四面受敌。于是以色列人击杀他们,没有留下一个幸存者,也没有一个逃脱。 23 以色列人生擒了艾城的王,把他解到约书亚那里。

24 以色列人在田间和旷野杀尽了追赶他们的艾城所有的居民。他们全倒在刀下,直到灭尽。以色列众人就回到艾城,用刀杀了城中的人。 25 当日杀死的人,连男带女共有一万二千,这也是艾城所有的人。 26 约书亚没有收回手里所伸出来的标枪,直到他灭绝艾城所有的居民。 27 只是牲畜和城内所夺的财物,以色列人都照耶和华所吩咐约书亚的话,取为自己的掠物。 28 约书亚焚烧艾城,使城成为永远的废墟,直到今日还是荒凉。 29 他把艾城的王挂在树上,直到晚上。日落的时候,约书亚吩咐人把尸首从树上取下来,丢在城门口,并在尸首上堆了一大堆石头,直存到今日。

在以巴路山上宣读律法

30 那时,约书亚以巴路山上为耶和华—以色列的 神筑一座坛。 31 这坛是照耶和华的仆人摩西吩咐以色列人,用没有动过铁器的整块石头所筑的,正如摩西律法书上所写的。他们在这坛上给耶和华奉献燔祭,又宰牲作为平安祭。 32 约书亚在那里,当着以色列人面前,将摩西所写的律法抄写在石头上。 33 以色列众人,无论是本地人或寄居的,都和他们的长老、官长和审判官,站在约柜两旁,在抬耶和华约柜的利未家的祭司面前,一半对着基利心山,一半对着以巴路山,照耶和华的仆人摩西先前所吩咐的,为以色列百姓祝福。 34 随后,约书亚将律法上祝福和诅咒的话,照着律法书上一切所写的,宣读一遍。 35 摩西所吩咐的一切话,约书亚以色列全会众和妇女、孩童,以及住在他们中间的外人面前,没有一句不宣读的。

Footnotes

  1. 8.6 七十士译本没有“所以我们要在他们面前逃跑”。