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在示剑重述 神的恩惠

24 约书亚在示剑召集以色列各支派,又把以色列的长老、首领、审判官和官长都召了来,他们就站在 神面前。 约书亚对众民说:“耶和华以色列的 神这样说:‘古时你们的列祖,就是亚伯拉罕和拿鹤的父亲他拉,住在大河那边;他们事奉别的神。 我把你们的祖先亚伯拉罕,从大河那边带来,领他走遍迦南地,使他的后裔增多,把以撒赐给他; 又把雅各和以扫赐给以撒,把西珥山赐给以扫作产业;雅各和他的子孙却下到埃及去。 我差派了摩西和亚伦,借着我在埃及所行的神迹,用灾疫击打埃及,然后把你们领出来。 我领你们的列祖离开埃及,他们去到海边;埃及人带着战车和马兵,追赶你们的列祖直到红海。 你们的列祖呼求耶和华,他就以黑暗隔开你们和埃及人,又使海水复流淹没了他们;我在埃及所行的事,你们都亲眼见过;你们在旷野也住了许多日子。 我领你们到了住在约旦河东的亚摩利人的地,他们和你们争战,我把他们交在你们手里,你们就得了他们的地作产业;我也在你们面前把他们消灭。 那时摩押王西拨的儿子巴勒起来攻击以色列人;他派人把比珥的儿子巴兰召了来,咒诅你们。 10 我不肯听巴兰的话,结果他反而一而再祝福你们;这样,我就救了你们脱离他的手。 11 你们过了约旦河,来到耶利哥;耶利哥的居民与你们作战,还有亚摩利人、比利洗人、迦南人、赫人、革迦撒人、希未人、耶布斯人,也跟你们作战;我把他们都交在你们手里。 12 我派了黄蜂飞在你们前面,把亚摩利人的两个王从你们面前赶走,并不是用你的刀,也不是用你的弓。 13 我赐给你们的土地,不是你们劳苦开垦的;我赐给你们的城市,不是你们建造的,你们却住在城中;你们享用的葡萄园和橄榄园,也不是你们栽种的。’

劝勉众民事奉耶和华

14 “现在你们要敬畏耶和华,真诚地按着真理事奉他,把你们列祖在大河那边和在埃及事奉的神除掉,去事奉耶和华。 15 如果你们认为事奉耶和华不好,那么今日你们就可以选择你们所要事奉的:是你们列祖在大河那边事奉的神呢,还是你们现在所住亚摩利人之地的神呢?至于我和我家,我们必事奉耶和华。”

16 众民回答:“我们绝对不会离弃耶和华,去事奉别的神; 17 因为耶和华我们的 神把我们和我们的列祖,从埃及地为奴的家领出来,并且在我们眼前行了那些伟大的神迹;又在我们所行的一切路上,和我们经过的一切民族中间,他都保护了我们; 18 耶和华又把所有的民族和住在这地的亚摩利人,都从我们面前赶走;所以我们必事奉耶和华,因为他是我们的 神。”

19 约书亚对众民说:“你们不能事奉耶和华,因为他是圣洁的 神;他是嫉妒的 神,他必不赦免你们的过犯和罪恶。 20 如果你们离弃耶和华,去事奉外族人的神,那么在耶和华赐福给你们之后,他必转而降祸与你们,把你们消灭。” 21 众民对约书亚说:“不,我们必定事奉耶和华。” 22 约书亚对众民说:“你们选择了耶和华,要事奉他,你们为自己作证吧。”他们说:“我们愿意作证。” 23 约书亚说:“现在你们要除掉在你们中间外族人的神,一心归向耶和华以色列的 神。” 24 众民对约书亚说:“我们必事奉耶和华我们的 神,必听从他的话。”

约书亚与众民立约

25 那一天,约书亚就与众民立约,在示剑为他们订立律例和典章。 26 约书亚把这些话都写在 神的律法书上;又拿一块大石头,立在耶和华圣所旁边的橡树下。 27 约书亚对全体人民说:“看哪,这块石头可以向我们作证,因为它听见了耶和华对我们所说的一切话;所以这块石头要向你们作证,免得你们否认你们的 神。” 28 于是约书亚打发众民各自回到自己的地业去了。

约书亚逝世

29 这些事以后,耶和华的仆人、嫩的儿子约书亚死了,那时他是一百一十岁。 30 以色列人把他埋葬在他自己地业的境内,就是在以法莲山地上的亭拿.西拉,在迦实山的北边。 31 约书亚在世的日子,和约书亚死后,那些知道耶和华为以色列人所行的一切事的长老还在世的日子,以色列人都事奉耶和华。

附录

32 以色列人从埃及带出来的约瑟骸骨,葬在示剑的一块田里;这块田是雅各从前用一百块银子向示剑的父亲哈抹的子孙那里买来的;这块田就成了约瑟子孙的产业。 33 亚伦的儿子以利亚撒也死了;以色列人就把他埋葬在基比亚,就是他儿子非尼哈在以法莲山地所得的产业。

Josua erneuert den Bund zwischen Gott und Israel

24 Josua versammelte alle Stämme Israels bei Sichem. Er rief die führenden Männer zu sich, die Sippenoberhäupter, die Richter und die Beamten. Gemeinsam traten sie vor Gott.

Dann redete Josua zum Volk: »So spricht der Herr, der Gott Israels: Vor langer Zeit lebten eure Vorfahren auf der anderen Seite des Euphrat: Terach mit seinen Söhnen Abraham und Nahor. Sie verehrten dort andere Götter. Ich brachte euren Stammvater Abraham aus dem Land jenseits des Euphrat hierher und ließ ihn durch ganz Kanaan ziehen. Ich schenkte ihm viele Nachkommen; ich gab ihm Isaak, und Isaak gab ich Jakob und Esau. Esau erhielt das Gebirge Seïr, und Jakob siedelte sich mit seinen Söhnen in Ägypten an.

Später sandte ich ihnen Mose und Aaron und strafte das Land Ägypten mit schweren Plagen. Ich führte euer Volk in die Freiheit und brachte es von Ägypten bis zum Schilfmeer. Die Ägypter aber verfolgten es mit Kriegswagen und Reitern. Eure Väter schrien zu mir um Hilfe. Da ließ ich zwischen ihnen und ihren Verfolgern Dunkelheit hereinbrechen. Die Ägypter jagten ihnen nach bis ins Schilfmeer, und dort ließ ich sie in den Wellen untergehen. Mit eigenen Augen haben eure Vorfahren gesehen, wie ich die Ägypter bestrafte!

Danach habt ihr lange Zeit in der Wüste gelebt, bis ich euch in das Land der Amoriter östlich des Jordan brachte. Sie kämpften gegen euch, und ich gab sie in eure Gewalt. Überall, wo ihr hinzogt, vernichtete ich sie und überließ euch ihr Land. Auch der Moabiterkönig Balak, Zippors Sohn, stellte sich euch in den Weg. Er ließ Bileam, den Sohn von Beor, rufen, um euch zu verfluchen. 10 Aber ich wollte nicht auf Bileam hören, darum musste er euch segnen, und ich bewahrte euch vor den Moabitern.

11 Dann habt ihr den Jordan durchquert und seid nach Jericho gekommen. Die Einwohner dieser Stadt führten Krieg gegen euch, ebenso die anderen Völker des Landes: die Amoriter, Perisiter, Kanaaniter, Hetiter, Girgaschiter, Hiwiter und Jebusiter. Sie alle gab ich in eure Gewalt. 12 Ich schickte Hornissenschwärme vor euch her,[a] so dass die beiden Amoriterkönige voller Entsetzen die Flucht ergriffen. Den Sieg verdankt ihr nicht euren Schwertern und Bogen, sondern allein mir. 13 Ich gab euch ein Land, das ihr nicht mehr urbar machen musstet, und Städte, die ihr nicht erbaut habt. Ihr esst die Früchte von Weinbergen und Ölbäumen, die ihr nicht gepflanzt habt.«

14 Josua fuhr fort: »Deshalb habt Ehrfurcht vor dem Herrn! Dient ihm aufrichtig und mit ganzer Hingabe! Trennt euch von den Göttern, die eure Vorfahren jenseits des Euphrat und in Ägypten verehrt haben. Dient allein dem Herrn! 15 Wenn es euch aber nicht gefällt, dem Herrn zu dienen, dann entscheidet euch heute, wem ihr gehören wollt: den Göttern, die eure Vorfahren jenseits des Euphrat verehrt haben, oder den Göttern der Amoriter, in deren Land ihr lebt. Ich aber und meine Familie, wir wollen dem Herrn dienen.«

16 Da antwortete das Volk: »Niemals wollen wir den Herrn verlassen und anderen Göttern dienen! 17 Denn der Herr, unser Gott, war es, der unsere Väter aus der Sklaverei in Ägypten befreit hat. Er hat große Wunder vor den Augen unseres Volkes vollbracht. Er hat uns auf dem ganzen Weg beschützt, als wir die Gebiete vieler Völker durchqueren mussten. 18 Der Herr war es, der die Amoriter und alle anderen Völker vertrieben hat, die hier früher gelebt haben. Auch wir wollen ihm dienen: Der Herr ist unser Gott!«

19 Josua erwiderte: »Meint ihr wirklich, ihr könnt dem Herrn dienen? Täuscht euch nicht: Er ist ein heiliger und leidenschaftlicher Gott, der keinen neben sich duldet. Er wird euch nicht vergeben, wenn ihr ihm untreu werdet und gegen ihn sündigt! 20 Wenn ihr den Herrn verlasst und fremden Göttern dient, wird er sich gegen euch wenden. Er wird euch Böses antun und euch vernichten, obwohl er euch vorher Gutes erwiesen hat.«

21 Da sagte das Volk: »Wir wollen trotzdem dem Herrn dienen!« 22 Josua antwortete: »Ihr selbst seid Zeugen dafür, dass ihr euch für den Herrn entschieden habt und ihm gehören wollt.« Sie riefen: »Ja, wir sind Zeugen!« 23 Da forderte Josua sie auf: »Werft alle Götzenfiguren weg, die ihr noch besitzt. Wendet euch von ganzem Herzen dem Herrn, dem Gott Israels, zu!« 24 Das Volk antwortete: »Wir wollen dem Herrn, unserem Gott, dienen und auf ihn hören!«

25 Da erneuerte Josua noch am selben Tag in Sichem den Bund zwischen Gott und den Israeliten. Er gab ihnen die Gebote und Rechtsbestimmungen 26 und schrieb alles im Buch des Gesetzes Gottes auf. Dann nahm er einen großen Stein und richtete ihn unter der Eiche beim Heiligtum des Herrn auf. 27 Josua rief dem Volk zu: »Seht diesen Stein! Er ist Zeuge! Denn er hat alles gehört, was der Herr zu uns gesagt hat. Er soll euch mahnen, euren Gott nicht zu verleugnen.«

28 Dann schickte Josua das Volk nach Hause, jeden in sein Gebiet.

Josua und Eleasar sterben

29 Einige Zeit später starb Josua, der Sohn von Nun, der Diener des Herrn. Er wurde 110 Jahre alt. 30 Man begrub ihn auf dem Grundstück, das ihm und seinen Nachkommen gehören sollte; es lag in Timnat-Serach nördlich des Berges Gaasch im Gebirge Ephraim.

31 Israel blieb dem Herrn treu, solange Josua und nach ihm die führenden Männer des Volkes lebten, die noch alles mit eigenen Augen gesehen hatten, was der Herr für Israel getan hatte.

32 Die Israeliten begruben auch Josefs Gebeine, die sie aus Ägypten mitgeführt hatten. Man bestattete sie im Gebiet des Stammes Josef bei Sichem, auf dem Feld, das Jakob von den Nachkommen Hamors, des Vaters von Sichem, für 100 Silberstücke gekauft hatte. 33 Auch Eleasar, der Sohn von Aaron, starb. Er wurde in der Stadt Gibea beigesetzt, die seinem Sohn Pinhas im Gebirge Ephraim gehörte.

Footnotes

  1. 24,12 Wörtlich: Und ich sandte die Hornisse vor euch her. – Möglicherweise hier Sinnbild für die Panik, die solche stechenden Insekten verbreiten können.

The Covenant Renewed at Shechem

24 Then Joshua assembled(A) all the tribes of Israel at Shechem.(B) He summoned(C) the elders,(D) leaders, judges and officials of Israel,(E) and they presented themselves before God.

Joshua said to all the people, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘Long ago your ancestors, including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor,(F) lived beyond the Euphrates River and worshiped other gods.(G) But I took your father Abraham from the land beyond the Euphrates and led him throughout Canaan(H) and gave him many descendants.(I) I gave him Isaac,(J) and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau.(K) I assigned the hill country of Seir(L) to Esau, but Jacob and his family went down to Egypt.(M)

“‘Then I sent Moses and Aaron,(N) and I afflicted the Egyptians by what I did there, and I brought you out.(O) When I brought your people out of Egypt, you came to the sea,(P) and the Egyptians pursued them with chariots and horsemen[a](Q) as far as the Red Sea.[b](R) But they cried(S) to the Lord for help, and he put darkness(T) between you and the Egyptians; he brought the sea over them and covered them.(U) You saw with your own eyes what I did to the Egyptians.(V) Then you lived in the wilderness for a long time.(W)

“‘I brought you to the land of the Amorites(X) who lived east of the Jordan. They fought against you, but I gave them into your hands. I destroyed them from before you, and you took possession of their land.(Y) When Balak son of Zippor,(Z) the king of Moab, prepared to fight against Israel, he sent for Balaam son of Beor(AA) to put a curse on you.(AB) 10 But I would not listen to Balaam, so he blessed you(AC) again and again, and I delivered you out of his hand.

11 “‘Then you crossed the Jordan(AD) and came to Jericho.(AE) The citizens of Jericho fought against you, as did also the Amorites, Perizzites,(AF) Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites and Jebusites,(AG) but I gave them into your hands.(AH) 12 I sent the hornet(AI) ahead of you, which drove them out(AJ) before you—also the two Amorite kings. You did not do it with your own sword and bow.(AK) 13 So I gave you a land(AL) on which you did not toil and cities you did not build; and you live in them and eat from vineyards and olive groves that you did not plant.’(AM)

14 “Now fear the Lord(AN) and serve him with all faithfulness.(AO) Throw away the gods(AP) your ancestors worshiped beyond the Euphrates River and in Egypt,(AQ) and serve the Lord. 15 But if serving the Lord seems undesirable to you, then choose for yourselves this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your ancestors served beyond the Euphrates, or the gods of the Amorites,(AR) in whose land you are living. But as for me and my household,(AS) we will serve the Lord.”(AT)

16 Then the people answered, “Far be it from us to forsake(AU) the Lord to serve other gods! 17 It was the Lord our God himself who brought us and our parents up out of Egypt, from that land of slavery,(AV) and performed those great signs(AW) before our eyes. He protected us on our entire journey and among all the nations through which we traveled. 18 And the Lord drove out(AX) before us all the nations,(AY) including the Amorites, who lived in the land.(AZ) We too will serve the Lord, because he is our God.(BA)

19 Joshua said to the people, “You are not able to serve the Lord. He is a holy God;(BB) he is a jealous God.(BC) He will not forgive(BD) your rebellion(BE) and your sins. 20 If you forsake the Lord(BF) and serve foreign gods, he will turn(BG) and bring disaster(BH) on you and make an end of you,(BI) after he has been good to you.”

21 But the people said to Joshua, “No! We will serve the Lord.”

22 Then Joshua said, “You are witnesses(BJ) against yourselves that you have chosen(BK) to serve the Lord.”

“Yes, we are witnesses,(BL)” they replied.

23 “Now then,” said Joshua, “throw away the foreign gods(BM) that are among you and yield your hearts(BN) to the Lord, the God of Israel.”

24 And the people said to Joshua, “We will serve the Lord our God and obey him.”(BO)

25 On that day Joshua made a covenant(BP) for the people, and there at Shechem(BQ) he reaffirmed for them decrees and laws.(BR) 26 And Joshua recorded(BS) these things in the Book of the Law of God.(BT) Then he took a large stone(BU) and set it up there under the oak(BV) near the holy place of the Lord.

27 “See!” he said to all the people. “This stone(BW) will be a witness(BX) against us. It has heard all the words the Lord has said to us. It will be a witness against you if you are untrue(BY) to your God.”(BZ)

28 Then Joshua dismissed the people, each to their own inheritance.(CA)

Buried in the Promised Land(CB)

29 After these things, Joshua son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died(CC) at the age of a hundred and ten.(CD) 30 And they buried him in the land of his inheritance, at Timnath Serah[c](CE) in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash.(CF)

31 Israel served the Lord throughout the lifetime of Joshua and of the elders(CG) who outlived him and who had experienced everything the Lord had done for Israel.

32 And Joseph’s bones,(CH) which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt,(CI) were buried at Shechem in the tract of land(CJ) that Jacob bought for a hundred pieces of silver[d] from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem. This became the inheritance of Joseph’s descendants.

33 And Eleazar son of Aaron(CK) died and was buried at Gibeah,(CL) which had been allotted to his son Phinehas(CM) in the hill country(CN) of Ephraim.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 24:6 Or charioteers
  2. Joshua 24:6 Or the Sea of Reeds
  3. Joshua 24:30 Also known as Timnath Heres (see Judges 2:9)
  4. Joshua 24:32 Hebrew hundred kesitahs; a kesitah was a unit of money of unknown weight and value.

Joshua’s Final Exhortation

24 Then Joshua assembled together all of the tribes of Israel at Shechem. He called for the leaders, officials, judges, and tribal officers of Israel. They assembled in formation before God, and Joshua told all of the people, “This is what the Lord God of Israel has to say:

‘Long ago your ancestors lived beyond the Euphrates[a] River, including Terah, father of both Abraham and Nahor, where they served other gods. Then I took your ancestor Abraham from the other side of the Euphrates[b] River and led him through the entire land of Canaan. I multiplied his descendants, and gave him his son[c] Isaac. I gave Jacob and Esau to Isaac. And I gave Mount Seir[d] to Esau as his possession, but Jacob and his children went down to Egypt.

‘Later I commissioned Moses and Aaron, and I inflicted plagues on Egypt by what I did among them. Afterwards, I brought all of you[e] out.

‘Then I brought your ancestors out of Egypt, and you came to the Sea, and the Egyptians followed your ancestors with chariots and horsemen to the Reed[f] Sea. But when they cried out to the Lord, he placed darkness between you and the Egyptians, brought the sea upon the Egyptians,[g] and swallowed them up. Your own eyes saw what I did in Egypt. Then you lived in the desert for a long time.

‘I brought you into the territory of the Amorites, who lived on the other side of the Jordan River. They fought you, but I gave them into your control, and you took possession of their land. I destroyed them from your presence.

‘Then Zippor’s son, King Balak of Moab, showed up and fought against Israel. He sent word[h] to Balaam, summoning Beor’s son to put a curse on you. 10 But I wasn’t willing to listen to Balaam. So he had to bless you, and I delivered you from his control.

11 ‘Next, you crossed the Jordan River and arrived at Jericho. But the citizens of Jericho fought you, as did the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites, and the Jebusites, so I gave them into your control.

12 ‘Then I sent hornets ahead of you to drive out two kings of the Amorites before you without your using either sword or bow. 13 I gave you a land for which you never worked and cities that you didn’t build, but that you have lived in. You’re eating from vineyards and olive groves that you didn’t plant.’

14 “Now you must fear the Lord and serve him in faithfulness and truth. Throw away the gods that your ancestors served beyond the Euphrates[i] River and in Egypt. Instead, serve the Lord. 15 If you think it’s the wrong thing for you to serve the Lord, then choose for yourselves today whom you will serve—the gods whom your ancestors served on the other side of the Euphrates[j] River, or the gods of the Amorites in whose territories you are living. But as for me and my household, we will serve the Lord.”

The Response of the People

16 In response, the people said, “Far be it from us that we should abandon the Lord to serve other gods, 17 since the Lord our God is the one who brought us and our ancestors up from the land of Egypt, from a life of slavery. He did those great things right in front of us, preserving us along the way that we traveled and among all the peoples through whose territory we passed. 18 The Lord expelled all the people before us, including the Amorites who lived in the land. Therefore, we also will serve the Lord, since he is our God.”

19 So Joshua told the people, “You will not be able to serve the Lord, because he is a God of Holiness. He is a jealous God, and he will forgive neither your transgressions nor your sins. 20 If you abandon the Lord and serve foreign deities, then he will turn and do you harm, consuming you after all[k] the good he has done for you.”

21 “No,” the people replied to Joshua. “We will serve the Lord.”

22 Joshua responded, “You are giving testimony against yourselves, that you have chosen to serve the Lord.”

They replied, “We are witnesses!”

23 Joshua said,[l] “Therefore abandon the foreign gods that are among you, and turn your hearts to the Lord, the God of Israel.”

24 The people replied,[m] “We will serve the Lord our God and obey his voice.”

25 So Joshua made a covenant with the people that day, making statutes and ordinances in Shechem. 26 He[n] wrote these words in the Book of the Law of God, took a large stone, moved it under the shade of[o] the oak tree that was near the sanctuary of the Lord, 27 and then[p] told all of the people, “Look! This stone will testify for us, because it has heard everything that the Lord has spoken to us. So it will stand as a witness against you in the event that you deny your God.” 28 Then Joshua dismissed the people, and each man returned[q] to his territorial inheritance.

The Death of Joshua(A)

29 Some time later, Joshua servant of the Lord died at the age of 110 years, and 30 they buried him in his territorial inheritance at Timnath-serah in the mountainous region[r] of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 31 Israel served the Lord for the entire lifetimes of Joshua and of the officials who outlived Joshua, that is, the ones who had personally known everything that the Lord had done for Israel. 32 They also buried the bones of Joseph, which the Israelis brought up from Egypt, in the parcel of ground at Shechem that Jacob had purchased from the descendants of Shechem’s father Hamor, for 100 pieces of silver. It became part of the inheritance of the descendants of Joseph.

The Death of Eleazar the Priest

33 Later, Aaron’s son Eleazar also died, and they buried him at Gibeah, which belonged to his son Phinehas, and which had been given to him in the mountainous region[s] of Ephraim.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 24:2 The Heb. lacks Euphrates
  2. Joshua 24:3 The Heb. lacks Euphrates
  3. Joshua 24:3 The Heb. lacks his son
  4. Joshua 24:4 This mountain, the modern Jebel esh-sherá, is located in the mountain range that extends south of the Dead Sea toward the Gulf of Aqaba, and is bordered by the Arabah Valley to the west.
  5. Joshua 24:5 Lit. brought you (pl.)
  6. Joshua 24:6 So MT; LXX reads Red
  7. Joshua 24:7 Lit. upon them
  8. Joshua 24:9 The Heb. lacks word
  9. Joshua 24:14 The Heb. lacks Euphrates
  10. Joshua 24:15 The Heb. lacks Euphrates
  11. Joshua 24:20 The Heb. lacks all
  12. Joshua 24:23 The Heb. lacks Joshua said
  13. Joshua 24:24 Lit. replied to Josh
  14. Joshua 24:26 Lit. Josh
  15. Joshua 24:26 The Heb. lacks the shade of
  16. Joshua 24:27 Lit. Josh
  17. Joshua 24:28 The Heb. lacks returned
  18. Joshua 24:30 Or the hill country
  19. Joshua 24:33 Or the hill country