约书亚记 24
Chinese New Version (Traditional)
在示劍重述 神的恩惠
24 約書亞在示劍召集以色列各支派，又把以色列的長老、首領、審判官和官長都召了來，他們就站在 神面前。 2 約書亞對眾民說：“耶和華以色列的 神這樣說：‘古時你們的列祖，就是亞伯拉罕和拿鶴的父親他拉，住在大河那邊；他們事奉別的神。 3 我把你們的祖先亞伯拉罕，從大河那邊帶來，領他走遍迦南地，使他的後裔增多，把以撒賜給他； 4 又把雅各和以掃賜給以撒，把西珥山賜給以掃作產業；雅各和他的子孫卻下到埃及去。 5 我差派了摩西和亞倫，藉著我在埃及所行的神蹟，用災疫擊打埃及，然後把你們領出來。 6 我領你們的列祖離開埃及，他們去到海邊；埃及人帶著戰車和馬兵，追趕你們的列祖直到紅海。 7 你們的列祖呼求耶和華，他就以黑暗隔開你們和埃及人，又使海水復流淹沒了他們；我在埃及所行的事，你們都親眼見過；你們在曠野也住了許多日子。 8 我領你們到了住在約旦河東的亞摩利人的地，他們和你們爭戰，我把他們交在你們手裡，你們就得了他們的地作產業；我也在你們面前把他們消滅。 9 那時摩押王西撥的兒子巴勒起來攻擊以色列人；他派人把比珥的兒子巴蘭召了來，咒詛你們。 10 我不肯聽巴蘭的話，結果他反而一而再祝福你們；這樣，我就救了你們脫離他的手。 11 你們過了約旦河，來到耶利哥；耶利哥的居民與你們作戰，還有亞摩利人、比利洗人、迦南人、赫人、革迦撒人、希未人、耶布斯人，也跟你們作戰；我把他們都交在你們手裡。 12 我派了黃蜂飛在你們前面，把亞摩利人的兩個王從你們面前趕走，並不是用你的刀，也不是用你的弓。 13 我賜給你們的土地，不是你們勞苦開墾的；我賜給你們的城市，不是你們建造的，你們卻住在城中；你們享用的葡萄園和橄欖園，也不是你們栽種的。’
勸勉眾民事奉耶和華
14 “現在你們要敬畏耶和華，真誠地按著真理事奉他，把你們列祖在大河那邊和在埃及事奉的神除掉，去事奉耶和華。 15 如果你們認為事奉耶和華不好，那麼今日你們就可以選擇你們所要事奉的：是你們列祖在大河那邊事奉的神呢，還是你們現在所住亞摩利人之地的神呢？至於我和我家，我們必事奉耶和華。”
16 眾民回答：“我們絕對不會離棄耶和華，去事奉別的神； 17 因為耶和華我們的 神把我們和我們的列祖，從埃及地為奴的家領出來，並且在我們眼前行了那些偉大的神蹟；又在我們所行的一切路上，和我們經過的一切民族中間，他都保護了我們； 18 耶和華又把所有的民族和住在這地的亞摩利人，都從我們面前趕走；所以我們必事奉耶和華，因為他是我們的 神。”
19 約書亞對眾民說：“你們不能事奉耶和華，因為他是聖潔的 神；他是嫉妒的 神，他必不赦免你們的過犯和罪惡。 20 如果你們離棄耶和華，去事奉外族人的神，那麼在耶和華賜福給你們之後，他必轉而降禍與你們，把你們消滅。” 21 眾民對約書亞說：“不，我們必定事奉耶和華。” 22 約書亞對眾民說：“你們選擇了耶和華，要事奉他，你們為自己作證吧。”他們說：“我們願意作證。” 23 約書亞說：“現在你們要除掉在你們中間外族人的神，一心歸向耶和華以色列的 神。” 24 眾民對約書亞說：“我們必事奉耶和華我們的 神，必聽從他的話。”
約書亞與眾民立約
25 那一天，約書亞就與眾民立約，在示劍為他們訂立律例和典章。 26 約書亞把這些話都寫在 神的律法書上；又拿一塊大石頭，立在耶和華聖所旁邊的橡樹下。 27 約書亞對全體人民說：“看哪，這塊石頭可以向我們作證，因為它聽見了耶和華對我們所說的一切話；所以這塊石頭要向你們作證，免得你們否認你們的 神。” 28 於是約書亞打發眾民各自回到自己的地業去了。
約書亞逝世
29 這些事以後，耶和華的僕人、嫩的兒子約書亞死了，那時他是一百一十歲。 30 以色列人把他埋葬在他自己地業的境內，就是在以法蓮山地上的亭拿．西拉，在迦實山的北邊。 31 約書亞在世的日子，和約書亞死後，那些知道耶和華為以色列人所行的一切事的長老還在世的日子，以色列人都事奉耶和華。
附錄
32 以色列人從埃及帶出來的約瑟骸骨，葬在示劍的一塊田裡；這塊田是雅各從前用一百塊銀子向示劍的父親哈抹的子孫那裡買來的；這塊田就成了約瑟子孫的產業。 33 亞倫的兒子以利亞撒也死了；以色列人就把他埋葬在基比亞，就是他兒子非尼哈在以法蓮山地所得的產業。
約書亞記 24
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)
重申耶和華的約
24 約書亞在示劍招聚以色列各支派，然後召來以色列的長老、族長、審判官和官長。他們一同站在上帝面前。 2 約書亞對全體民眾說：「以色列的上帝耶和華這樣說，『從前你們的祖先，包括亞伯拉罕和拿鶴二人的父親他拉，住在幼發拉底河那邊拜別的神明。 3 我把你們的祖先亞伯拉罕從幼發拉底河那邊帶出來，領他走遍迦南，使他人丁興旺。我把以撒賜給他， 4 把雅各和以掃賜給以撒，把西珥山賜給以掃作產業，雅各和他的子孫則去了埃及。 5 後來，我差遣摩西和亞倫去埃及，並用瘟疫攻擊埃及人，把你們領出來。 6 我引領你們的祖先離開埃及來到紅海的時候，埃及人帶領戰車騎兵追了上來。 7 你們的祖先大聲呼求我，我就降下黑暗，把你們和埃及人分開，又用海水淹沒埃及人。你們親眼見過我在埃及的作為。後來，你們在曠野度過了一段漫長的歲月。 8 我領你們來到約旦河東邊亞摩利人居住的地方。他們跟你們爭戰，我把他們交在你們手中，使你們佔領他們的土地作自己的產業。我把他們從你們面前全部消滅。 9 那時，摩押王西撥的兒子巴勒起兵攻打你們，並派人去召比珥的兒子巴蘭來咒詛你們。 10 我不但沒有聽巴蘭的話，反而使他為你們連連祝福。這樣，我從巴勒手中救了你們。 11 你們過了約旦河來到耶利哥。耶利哥人、亞摩利人、比利洗人、迦南人、赫人、革迦撒人、希未人和耶布斯人都跟你們交戰，但我把他們交在你們手中。 12 我差黃蜂飛在你們前面，把亞摩利的兩個王從你們面前趕走，沒有動用你們一刀一弓。 13 你們沒有開墾土地，也沒有建造城邑，但我賜給你們土地和城邑，使你們住在其中，享用別人栽種的葡萄園和橄欖園的果子。』
14 「所以，你們要敬畏耶和華，誠心誠意地事奉祂，摒棄你們祖先在幼發拉底河那邊和在埃及所拜的神明，專心事奉耶和華。 15 如果你們不願意事奉耶和華，今天就選擇你們的神明吧，或大河那邊你們祖先事奉的神明，或你們這裡亞摩利人的神明。至於我和我全家，我們必事奉耶和華。」
16 民眾答道：「我們決不背棄耶和華去事奉別的神明， 17 因為我們的上帝耶和華曾領我們和我們的祖先脫離埃及人的奴役，在我們眼前行大神蹟，一路保護我們安然經過列邦。 18 耶和華把這地方的亞摩利人等外族人從我們面前趕走了，我們必事奉祂，因為祂是我們的上帝。」
19 約書亞說：「你們不能事奉耶和華，祂是一位聖潔的上帝，祂痛恨不貞，必不赦免你們的過犯和罪惡。 20 如果你們背棄耶和華，去拜外族的神明，儘管祂曾經恩待你們，也必降禍給你們，毀滅你們。」 21 民眾答道：「不，我們一定要事奉耶和華。」 22 約書亞說：「現在你們自己作證，你們已選擇事奉耶和華。」民眾答道：「我們願意自己作證。」 23 約書亞說：「這樣，你們現在就要摒棄你們中間的外族神明，專心歸向以色列的上帝耶和華。」 24 民眾答道：「我們必事奉我們的上帝耶和華，聽從祂的話。」 25 當天約書亞與民眾立約，在示劍為他們訂立律例和典章。 26 約書亞把這些話都寫在上帝的律法書上，又把一塊大石頭豎立在耶和華聖所旁邊的橡樹下。 27 然後，他對民眾說：「看啊，這塊石頭可以為我們作證，它聽到了耶和華所吩咐我們的話。如果你們背棄上帝，它必作證。」 28 於是，約書亞命民眾各自返回自己的地方。
約書亞去世
29 後來，耶和華的僕人、嫩的兒子約書亞去世了，享年一百一十歲。 30 以色列人把他葬在他的土地上，就是在迦實山北邊、以法蓮山區的亭拿·西拉。
31 約書亞在世的時候，以色列人都事奉耶和華。他死後，在那些經歷過耶和華奇妙作為的長老還健在期間，以色列人仍事奉耶和華。
32 以色列人把從埃及帶出來的約瑟的骸骨葬在示劍，在從前雅各用一百塊銀子向哈抹的子孫買的那塊地裡。哈抹是示劍的父親。後來那塊地成了約瑟子孫的產業。
33 亞倫的兒子以利亞撒也死了，他們把他葬在他兒子非尼哈分到的以法蓮山區的基比亞。
约书亚记 24
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
重申耶和华的约
24 约书亚在示剑招聚以色列各支派，然后召来以色列的长老、族长、审判官和官长。他们一同站在上帝面前。 2 约书亚对全体民众说：“以色列的上帝耶和华这样说，‘从前你们的祖先，包括亚伯拉罕和拿鹤二人的父亲他拉，住在幼发拉底河那边拜别的神明。 3 我把你们的祖先亚伯拉罕从幼发拉底河那边带出来，领他走遍迦南，使他人丁兴旺。我把以撒赐给他， 4 把雅各和以扫赐给以撒，把西珥山赐给以扫作产业，雅各和他的子孙则去了埃及。 5 后来，我差遣摩西和亚伦去埃及，并用瘟疫攻击埃及人，把你们领出来。 6 我引领你们的祖先离开埃及来到红海的时候，埃及人带领战车骑兵追了上来。 7 你们的祖先大声呼求我，我就降下黑暗，把你们和埃及人分开，又用海水淹没埃及人。你们亲眼见过我在埃及的作为。后来，你们在旷野度过了一段漫长的岁月。 8 我领你们来到约旦河东边亚摩利人居住的地方。他们跟你们争战，我把他们交在你们手中，使你们占领他们的土地作自己的产业。我把他们从你们面前全部消灭。 9 那时，摩押王西拨的儿子巴勒起兵攻打你们，并派人去召比珥的儿子巴兰来咒诅你们。 10 我不但没有听巴兰的话，反而使他为你们连连祝福。这样，我从巴勒手中救了你们。 11 你们过了约旦河来到耶利哥。耶利哥人、亚摩利人、比利洗人、迦南人、赫人、革迦撒人、希未人和耶布斯人都跟你们交战，但我把他们交在你们手中。 12 我差黄蜂飞在你们前面，把亚摩利的两个王从你们面前赶走，没有动用你们一刀一弓。 13 你们没有开垦土地，也没有建造城邑，但我赐给你们土地和城邑，使你们住在其中，享用别人栽种的葡萄园和橄榄园的果子。’
14 “所以，你们要敬畏耶和华，诚心诚意地事奉祂，摒弃你们祖先在幼发拉底河那边和在埃及所拜的神明，专心事奉耶和华。 15 如果你们不愿意事奉耶和华，今天就选择你们的神明吧，或大河那边你们祖先事奉的神明，或你们这里亚摩利人的神明。至于我和我全家，我们必事奉耶和华。”
16 民众答道：“我们决不背弃耶和华去事奉别的神明， 17 因为我们的上帝耶和华曾领我们和我们的祖先脱离埃及人的奴役，在我们眼前行大神迹，一路保护我们安然经过列邦。 18 耶和华把这地方的亚摩利人等外族人从我们面前赶走了，我们必事奉祂，因为祂是我们的上帝。”
19 约书亚说：“你们不能事奉耶和华，祂是一位圣洁的上帝，祂痛恨不贞，必不赦免你们的过犯和罪恶。 20 如果你们背弃耶和华，去拜外族的神明，尽管祂曾经恩待你们，也必降祸给你们，毁灭你们。” 21 民众答道：“不，我们一定要事奉耶和华。” 22 约书亚说：“现在你们自己作证，你们已选择事奉耶和华。”民众答道：“我们愿意自己作证。” 23 约书亚说：“这样，你们现在就要摒弃你们中间的外族神明，专心归向以色列的上帝耶和华。” 24 民众答道：“我们必事奉我们的上帝耶和华，听从祂的话。” 25 当天约书亚与民众立约，在示剑为他们订立律例和典章。 26 约书亚把这些话都写在上帝的律法书上，又把一块大石头竖立在耶和华圣所旁边的橡树下。 27 然后，他对民众说：“看啊，这块石头可以为我们作证，它听到了耶和华所吩咐我们的话。如果你们背弃上帝，它必作证。” 28 于是，约书亚命民众各自返回自己的地方。
约书亚去世
29 后来，耶和华的仆人、嫩的儿子约书亚去世了，享年一百一十岁。 30 以色列人把他葬在他的土地上，就是在迦实山北边、以法莲山区的亭拿·西拉。
31 约书亚在世的时候，以色列人都事奉耶和华。他死后，在那些经历过耶和华奇妙作为的长老还健在期间，以色列人仍事奉耶和华。
32 以色列人把从埃及带出来的约瑟的骸骨葬在示剑，在从前雅各用一百块银子向哈抹的子孙买的那块地里。哈抹是示剑的父亲。后来那块地成了约瑟子孙的产业。
33 亚伦的儿子以利亚撒也死了，他们把他葬在他儿子非尼哈分到的以法莲山区的基比亚。
Joshua 24
New English Translation
Israel Renews its Commitment to the Lord
24 Joshua assembled all the Israelite tribes at Shechem. He summoned Israel’s elders, rulers, judges, and leaders, and they appeared before God. 2 Joshua told all the people, “This is what the Lord God of Israel has said: ‘In the distant past your ancestors lived beyond the Euphrates River,[a] including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor. They worshiped[b] other gods, 3 but I took your father Abraham from beyond the Euphrates[c] and brought him into[d] the entire land of Canaan. I made his descendants numerous; I gave him Isaac, 4 and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. To Esau I assigned Mount Seir,[e] while Jacob and his sons went down to Egypt. 5 I sent Moses and Aaron, and I struck Egypt down when I intervened in their land.[f] Then I brought you out. 6 When I brought your fathers out of Egypt, you arrived at the sea. The Egyptians chased your fathers with chariots and horsemen to the Red Sea. 7 Your fathers[g] cried out for help to the Lord; he made the area between you and the Egyptians dark,[h] and then he drowned them in the sea.[i] You witnessed with your very own eyes[j] what I did in Egypt. You lived in the wilderness for a long time.[k] 8 Then I brought you to the land of the Amorites who lived east of the Jordan. They fought with you, but I handed them over to you; you conquered[l] their land, and I destroyed them from before you. 9 Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, launched an attack[m] against Israel. He summoned[n] Balaam son of Beor to call down judgment on[o] you. 10 I refused to respond to Balaam; he kept[p] prophesying good things about[q] you, and I rescued you from his power.[r] 11 You crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. The leaders[s] of Jericho, as well as the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites, and Jebusites, fought with you, but I handed them over to you. 12 I sent terror[t] ahead of you to drive out before you the two[u] Amorite kings. I gave you the victory; it was not by your swords or bows.[v] 13 I gave you a land in[w] which you had not worked hard; you took up residence in cities you did not build, and you are eating the produce of[x] vineyards and olive groves you did not plant.’
14 “Now[y] obey[z] the Lord and worship[aa] him with integrity and loyalty. Put aside the gods your ancestors[ab] worshiped[ac] beyond the Euphrates[ad] and in Egypt, and worship[ae] the Lord. 15 If you have no desire[af] to worship[ag] the Lord, then choose today whom you will worship,[ah] whether it be the gods whom your ancestors[ai] worshiped[aj] beyond the Euphrates,[ak] or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you are living. But I and my family[al] will worship[am] the Lord.”
16 The people responded, “Far be it from us to abandon the Lord so we can[an] worship[ao] other gods! 17 For the Lord our God took us and our fathers out of slavery[ap] in the land of Egypt[aq] and performed these awesome miracles[ar] before our very eyes. He continually protected us as we traveled and when we passed through nations.[as] 18 The Lord drove out from before us all the nations, including the Amorites who lived in the land. So we too will worship[at] the Lord, for he is our God!”
19 Joshua warned[au] the people, “You will not keep worshiping[av] the Lord, for[aw] he is a holy God.[ax] He is a jealous God who will not forgive[ay] your rebellion or your sins. 20 If[az] you abandon the Lord and worship[ba] foreign gods, he will turn against you;[bb] he will bring disaster on you and destroy you,[bc] though he once treated you well.”[bd]
21 The people said to Joshua, “No! We really will[be] worship[bf] the Lord.” 22 Joshua said to the people, “Do you agree to be witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen to worship the Lord?”[bg] They replied, “We are witnesses!”[bh] 23 Joshua said,[bi] “Now put aside the foreign gods that are among you and submit to[bj] the Lord God of Israel.”
24 The people said to Joshua, “We will worship[bk] the Lord our God and obey him.”[bl]
25 That day Joshua drew up an agreement[bm] for the people, and he established rules and regulations[bn] for them in Shechem. 26 Joshua wrote these words in the Law Scroll of God. He then took a large stone and set it up there under the oak tree near the Lord’s sanctuary. 27 Joshua said to all the people, “Look, this stone will be a witness against us, for it has heard everything the Lord said to us.[bo] It will be a witness against you if[bp] you deny your God.” 28 When Joshua dismissed the people, they went to their allotted portions of land.[bq]
An Era Ends
29 After all this[br] Joshua son of Nun, the Lord’s servant, died at the age of 110. 30 They buried him in his allotted territory[bs] in Timnath Serah in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 31 Israel worshiped[bt] the Lord throughout Joshua’s lifetime and as long as the elderly men who outlived him remained alive.[bu] These men had experienced firsthand everything the Lord had done for Israel.[bv]
32 The bones of Joseph, which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt, were buried at Shechem in the part of the field that Jacob bought from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for 100 pieces of money.[bw] So it became the inheritance of the tribe of Joseph.[bx]
33 Eleazar son of Aaron died, and they buried him in Gibeah in the hill country of Ephraim, where his son Phinehas had been assigned land.[by]
Footnotes
- Joshua 24:2 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Joshua 24:2 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:3 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Joshua 24:3 tn Or “through.”
- Joshua 24:4 tn Heb “I gave to Esau Mount Seir to possess it.”
- Joshua 24:5 tn Heb “by that which I did in its midst.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the fathers) has been specified in the translation for clarity (see the previous verse).
- Joshua 24:7 tn Or “put darkness between you and the Egyptians.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “and he brought over them the sea and covered them.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “your eyes saw.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “many days.”
- Joshua 24:8 tn Or “took possession of.”
- Joshua 24:9 tn Heb “arose and fought.”
- Joshua 24:9 tn Heb “sent and called.”
- Joshua 24:9 tn Or “to curse.”
- Joshua 24:10 tn The infinitive absolute follows the finite verb in the Hebrew text and indicates continuation or repetition of the action. Balaam pronounced several oracles of blessing over Israel (see Num 23-24).
- Joshua 24:10 tn Heb “blessing.” Balaam’s “blessings” were actually prophecies of how God would prosper Israel.
- Joshua 24:10 tn Heb “hand.”
- Joshua 24:11 tn Or perhaps, “citizens.”
- Joshua 24:12 tn Traditionally, “the hornet” (so KJV, NKJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV) but the precise meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain (cf. NEB “panic”).
- Joshua 24:12 tn The LXX has “twelve,” apparently understanding this as a reference to Amorite kings west of the Jordan (see Josh 5:1, rather than the trans-Jordanian Amorite kings Sihon and Og (see Josh 2:10; 9:10).
- Joshua 24:12 tn Heb “and it drove them out from before you, the two kings of the Amorites, not by your sword and not by your bow.” The words “I gave you the victory” are supplied for clarification.
- Joshua 24:13 tn Or perhaps, “for.”
- Joshua 24:13 tn The words “the produce of” are supplied for clarification.
- Joshua 24:14 sn Joshua quotes the Lord’s words in vv. 2b-13 (note that the Lord speaks in the first person in these verses); in vv. 14-15 Joshua himself exhorts the people (note the third person references to the Lord).
- Joshua 24:14 tn Heb “fear.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Or “and serve.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Heb “your fathers.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity; see v. 3.
- Joshua 24:14 tn Or “and serve.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “if it is bad in your eyes.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “to serve.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “your fathers.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity; see v. 3.
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “house.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:16 tn Heb “to.”
- Joshua 24:16 tn Or “can serve.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Heb “of the house of slavery.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Heb “for the Lord our God, he is the one who brought up us and our fathers from the land of Egypt, from the house of slaves.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Or “great signs.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Heb “and he guarded us in all the way in which we walked and among all the peoples through whose midst we passed.”
- Joshua 24:18 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:19 tn Heb “said to.”
- Joshua 24:19 tn Heb “you are not able to serve.”
- Joshua 24:19 sn For an excellent discussion of Joshua’s logical argument here, see T. C. Butler, Joshua (WBC), 274-75.
- Joshua 24:19 tn In the Hebrew text both the divine name (אֱלֹהִים, ʾelohim) and the adjective (קְדֹשִׁים, qedoshim, “holy”) are plural. Normally the divine name, when referring to the one true God, takes singular modifiers, but this is a rare exception where the adjective agrees grammatically with the honorific plural noun. See GKC §124.i and IBHS 122.
- Joshua 24:19 tn Heb “lift up” or “take away.”sn This assertion obviously needs qualification, for the OT elsewhere affirms that God does forgive. Joshua is referring to the persistent national rebellion against the Mosaic covenant that eventually causes God to decree unconditionally the nation’s exile.
- Joshua 24:20 tn Or “when.”
- Joshua 24:20 tn Or “and serve.”
- Joshua 24:20 tn The words “against you” are added for clarification.
- Joshua 24:20 tn Heb “bring you to an end.”
- Joshua 24:20 tn Heb “after he did good for you.”
- Joshua 24:21 tn The translation assumes that כִּי (ki) is emphatic. Another option is to take it as explanatory, “No, for we will….”
- Joshua 24:21 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:22 tn Heb “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen for yourselves the Lord to serve him.”
- Joshua 24:22 sn Like witnesses in a court of law, Israel’s solemn vow to worship the Lord will testify against them in the divine court if the nation ever violates its commitment.
- Joshua 24:23 tn The words “Joshua said” are supplied for clarification.
- Joshua 24:23 tn Heb “bend your heart toward.” The term לֵבָב (levav, “heart”) probably here refers to the people’s volition or will.
- Joshua 24:24 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:24 tn Heb “and listen to his voice.”
- Joshua 24:25 tn Heb “cut a covenant.”
- Joshua 24:25 tn Heb “a statute and a judgment.”
- Joshua 24:27 tn Heb “all the words of the Lord which he spoke with us.”
- Joshua 24:27 tn Or “lest,” “so that you might not.”
- Joshua 24:28 tn Heb “And Joshua sent the people away, each to his inheritance.”
- Joshua 24:29 tn Heb “after these things.”
- Joshua 24:30 tn Heb “in the territory of his inheritance.”
- Joshua 24:31 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:31 tn Heb “all the days of Joshua and all the days of the elders who outlived him.”
- Joshua 24:31 tn Heb “who knew all the work of the Lord which he had done for Israel.”
- Joshua 24:32 tn Heb “one hundred qesitahs.” The Hebrew word קְשִׂיטָה (qesitah) is generally understood to refer to a unit of money, but the value and/or weight is unknown. The word occurs only here and in Gen 33:19 and Job 42:11.
- Joshua 24:32 tn Heb “and they became for the sons of Joseph an inheritance.” One might think “bones” is the subject of the verb “they became,” but the verb is masculine, while “bones” is feminine. The translation follows the emendation suggested in the BHS note, which appeals to the Syriac and Vulgate for support. The emended reading understands “the part (of the field)” as the subject of the verb “became.” The emended verb is feminine singular; this agrees with “the part” (of the field), which is feminine in Hebrew.
- Joshua 24:33 tn Heb “in Gibeah of Phinehas, his son, which had been given to him in the hill country of Ephraim.”
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