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19 於是,彼拉多命令把耶穌帶去鞭打了。 士兵用荊棘編了冠冕,戴在他頭上,給他穿上紫袍, 又走到他面前,說:「萬歲,猶太人的王!」他們就打他耳光。 彼拉多又出來對眾人說:「看,我帶他出來見你們,讓你們知道我查不出他有甚麼罪狀。」 耶穌出來,戴着荊棘冠冕,穿着紫袍。彼拉多對他們說:「看哪,這個人!」 祭司長和聖殿警衛看見他,就喊着說:「釘十字架!釘十字架!」彼拉多對他們說:「你們自己把他帶去釘十字架吧!我查不出他有甚麼罪狀。」 猶太人回答他:「我們有律法,按照律法,他是該死的,因為他自以為是 神的兒子。」

彼拉多聽見這話,越發害怕, 又進了總督府,對耶穌說:「你是哪裏來的?」耶穌卻不回答。 10 於是彼拉多對他說:「你不對我說話嗎?難道你不知道我有權柄釋放你,也有權柄把你釘十字架嗎?」 11 耶穌回答他:「若不是從上頭賜給你的,你就毫無權柄辦我,所以,把我交給你的那人罪更重了。」 12 從此,彼拉多想要釋放耶穌,無奈猶太人喊着說:「你若釋放這個人,你就不是凱撒的忠臣[a]。凡自立為王的就是背叛凱撒。」

13 彼拉多聽見這些話,就帶耶穌出來,到了一個地方,叫「鋪華石處」,希伯來話叫厄巴大,就在那裏坐堂。 14 那日是逾越節的預備日,約在正午。彼拉多猶太人說:「看哪,你們的王!」 15 他們就喊着:「除掉他!除掉他!把他釘十字架!」彼拉多對他們說:「要我把你們的王釘十字架嗎?」祭司長回答:「除了凱撒,我們沒有王。」 16 於是彼拉多把耶穌交給他們去釘十字架。

耶穌被釘十字架(A)

他們就把耶穌帶了去。 17 耶穌背着自己的十字架出來,到了一個地方,名叫「髑髏地」,希伯來話叫各各他 18 他們就在那裏把他釘在十字架上,還有兩個人和他一同被釘,一邊一個,耶穌在中間。 19 彼拉多又寫了一個牌子,釘在十字架上,寫的是:「猶太人的王,拿撒勒人耶穌。」 20 有許多猶太人念這牌子,因為耶穌被釘十字架的地方靠近城,而且牌子是用希伯來羅馬希臘三種文字寫的。 21 猶太人的祭司長就對彼拉多說:「不要寫『猶太人的王』,要寫『那人說:我是猶太人的王』。」 22 彼拉多回答:「我寫了就寫了。」

23 士兵把耶穌釘在十字架上以後,把他的衣服拿來分為四份,每人一份。他們又拿他的內衣,這件內衣沒有縫,是上下一片織成的。 24 他們就彼此說:「我們不要撕開,我們抽籤,看是誰的。」這要應驗經上的話說:

「他們分了我的外衣,
為我的內衣抽籤。」

士兵果然做了這些事。 25 站在耶穌十字架旁邊的,有他的母親、姨母、革羅罷的妻子馬利亞,和抹大拉馬利亞 26 耶穌見母親和他所愛的那門徒站在旁邊,就對母親說:「母親[b],看,你的兒子!」 27 又對那門徒說:「看,你的母親!」從那刻起,那門徒就接她到自己家裏去了。

耶穌之死(B)

28 這事以後,耶穌知道各樣的事已經成了,為使經上的話應驗,就說:「我渴了。」 29 有一個盛滿了醋的罐子放在那裏,他們就拿海綿蘸滿了醋,綁在牛膝草上,送到他嘴邊。 30 耶穌嘗了那醋,說:「成了!」就低下頭,斷了氣[c]

耶穌的肋旁被刺

31 因為這日是預備日,又因為那安息日是個大日子,猶太人就來求彼拉多叫人打斷他們的腿,把他們搬走,免得屍首在安息日留在十字架上。 32 於是士兵來,把第一個人的腿,和與耶穌同釘的另一個人的腿,都打斷了。 33 當他們來到耶穌那裏,見他已經死了,就沒有打斷他的腿。 34 然而有一個士兵拿槍扎他的肋旁,立刻有血和水流出來。 35 看見這事的人作了見證—他的見證是真的,他知道自己所說的是真的—好讓你們也信。 36 這些事發生,為要應驗經上的話:「他的骨頭一根也不可折斷。」 37 另有經文也說:「他們要仰望自己所扎的人。」

耶穌的安葬(C)

38 這些事以後,亞利馬太約瑟來求彼拉多,要把耶穌的身體領去。他是耶穌的門徒,只因怕猶太人,就暗地裏作門徒。彼拉多准許了,他就把耶穌的身體領走。 39 尼哥德慕也來了,就是先前夜裏去見耶穌的那位,他帶着約一百斤的沒藥和沉香。 40 他們照猶太人喪葬的規矩,用細麻布加上香料,把耶穌的身體裹好了。 41 在耶穌釘十字架的地方有一個園子,園子裏有一座新墓穴,是從來沒有葬過人的。 42 因為那天是猶太人的預備日,而那墳墓又在附近,他們就把耶穌安放在那裏。

Footnotes

  1. 19.12 「忠臣」:原文直譯「朋友」。
  2. 19.26 「母親」:原文直譯「婦人」。
  3. 19.30 「斷了氣」或譯「交上了靈」。

“Behold the Man!”

19 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him flogged. The soldiers also twisted together a crown of thorns and placed it on his head. Then they threw a purple robe around him. They kept coming to him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they kept hitting him in the face.

Pilate went outside again and said to them, “Look, I am bringing him out to you to let you know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”

So Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, “Behold the man!”

When the chief priests and guards saw him, they shouted, “Crucify! Crucify!”

Pilate told them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him.”

The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die, because he claimed to be the Son of God.”

When Pilate heard this statement, he was even more afraid. He went back inside the palace again and asked Jesus, “Where are you from?”

But Jesus gave him no answer.

10 So Pilate asked him, “Are you not talking to me? Don’t you know that I have the authority to release you or to crucify you?”

11 Jesus answered, “You would have no authority over me at all if it had not been given to you from above. Therefore the one who handed me over to you has the greater sin.”

12 From then on Pilate tried to release Jesus. But the Jews shouted, “If you let this man go, you are no friend of Caesar! Anyone who claims to be a king opposes Caesar!”

13 When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus outside. He sat down on the judge’s seat at a place called the Stone Pavement, or Gabbatha in Aramaic. 14 It was about the sixth hour[a] on the Preparation Day for the Passover. Pilate said to the Jews, “Here is your king!”

15 They shouted, “Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!”

Pilate said to them, “Should I crucify your king?”

“We have no king but Caesar!” the chief priests answered.

16 So then Pilate handed Jesus over to them to be crucified.

“They Crucified Him”

So they took Jesus away. 17 Carrying his own cross, he went out to what is called the Place of a Skull, which in Aramaic is called Golgotha. 18 There they crucified him with two others, one on each side, and Jesus in the middle.

19 Pilate also had a notice written and fastened on the cross. It read, “Jesus the Nazarene, the King of the Jews.”

20 Many of the Jews read this notice, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Aramaic, Latin, and Greek.

21 So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that ‘this man said, “I am the King of the Jews.”’”

22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

23 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes and divided them into four parts, one part for each soldier. They also took his tunic, which was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom. 24 So they said to one another, “Let’s not tear it. Instead, let’s cast lots to see who gets it.” This was so that the Scripture might be fulfilled which says:

They divided my garments among them
and cast lots for my clothing.[b]

So the soldiers did these things.

Jesus’ Compassion for His Mother

25 Jesus’ mother, his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene were standing near the cross.

26 When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to his mother, “Woman, here is your son!” 27 Then he said to the disciple, “Here is your mother!” And from that time this disciple took her into his own home.

Jesus Gives Up His Life

28 After this, knowing that everything had now been finished, and to fulfill the Scripture, Jesus said, “I thirst.”

29 A jar full of sour wine was sitting there. So they put a sponge soaked in sour wine on a hyssop branch and held it to his mouth.

30 When Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished!” Then, bowing his head, he gave up his spirit.

The Piercing of Jesus’ Side

31 Since it was the Preparation Day, the Jews did not want the bodies left on the crosses over the Sabbath (because that Sabbath was a particularly important day). They asked Pilate to have the men’s legs broken and the bodies taken away. 32 So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who was crucified with Jesus, and then those of the other man.

33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear. Immediately blood and water came out. 35 The one who saw it has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe. 36 Indeed, these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled, “Not one of his bones will be broken.”[c] 37 Again another Scripture says, “They will look at the one they pierced.”[d]

Jesus’ Burial

38 After this, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate to let him remove Jesus’ body. When Pilate gave him permission, he came and took Jesus’ body away. 39 Nicodemus, who earlier had come to Jesus at night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-two pounds.[e]

40 They took Jesus’ body and bound it with linen strips along with the spices, in accord with Jewish burial customs.

41 There was a garden at the place where Jesus was crucified. And in the garden was a new tomb in which no one had ever been laid. 42 So they laid Jesus there, because it was the Jewish Preparation Day, and the tomb was near.

Footnotes

  1. John 19:14 The word about indicates an approximate time reference. Likely this was in the first part of the day, between 6 am and 9 am, using the time system of the Roman civil day, which began at 12 midnight. Mark 15:25 states that Jesus was crucified at 9 am. John also seems to use Roman civil time to calculate the day in John 20:19 (because the evening is considered part of the first day of the week; Jewish time regarded sunset as the beginning of the next day).
  2. John 19:24 Psalm 22:18
  3. John 19:36 Exodus 12:46; Numbers 9:12
  4. John 19:37 Zechariah 12:10
  5. John 19:39 Literally one hundred litras. Greek litra is the Roman pound (327.45 grams or 11.55 ounces, by weight).

Jesús condenado a muerte (Mt 27,30-31; Mc 15,12-20; Lc 23,20-25)

19 Así pues, Pilato se hizo cargo del asunto y mandó que azotaran a Jesús. Los soldados trenzaron una corona de espinas y se la pusieron en la cabeza. Le echaron también sobre los hombros un manto de púrpura y, acercándose a él, decían:

— ¡Viva el rey de los judíos!

Y le daban bofetadas. Salió de nuevo Pilato y les dijo:

— Miren, se lo voy a presentar a ustedes para dejar claro que no encuentro delito alguno en él.

Salió, pues, Jesús llevando la corona de espinas y el manto de púrpura. Pilato les dijo:

— ¡Este es el hombre!

Al ver a Jesús, los jefes de los sacerdotes y sus esbirros comenzaron a gritar:

— ¡Crucifícalo! ¡Crucifícalo!

Pilato insistió:

— Tómenlo ustedes y crucifíquenlo; yo no encuentro delito alguno en él.

Los judíos replicaron:

— Nosotros tenemos una ley, y según ella debe morir, porque ha querido hacerse pasar por Hijo de Dios.

Al oír esto, Pilato sintió aún más temor. Entró de nuevo en el palacio y preguntó a Jesús:

— ¿De dónde eres tú?

Jesús ni siquiera le contestó. 10 Pilato le dijo:

— ¿Cómo? ¿Te niegas a contestarme? ¿Es que no sabes que tengo autoridad tanto para dejarte en libertad como para hacerte crucificar?

11 Jesús le respondió:

— No tendrías autoridad alguna sobre mí si Dios no te la hubiera concedido; por eso, el que me ha entregado a ti es mucho más culpable que tú.

12 Desde ese momento, Pilato intentaba por todos los medios poner a Jesús en libertad. Pero los judíos le gritaban:

— Si lo pones en libertad, no eres amigo del emperador. El que pretende ser rey se enfrenta al emperador.

13 Al oír esto, Pilato mandó sacar fuera a Jesús y se sentó en el tribunal, en el lugar conocido con el nombre de “Enlosado”, que en la lengua de los judíos se llama “Gábata”. 14 Era el día de preparación de la Pascua, hacia el mediodía. Pilato dijo a los judíos:

— ¡Aquí tienen a su rey!

15 Pero ellos comenzaron a gritar:

— ¡Quítalo de en medio! ¡Crucifícalo!

Pilato insistió:

— ¿Cómo voy a crucificar a su rey?

Pero los jefes de los sacerdotes replicaron:

— Nuestro único rey es el emperador romano.

16 Así que, al fin, Pilato se lo entregó para que lo crucificaran.

Crucifixión de Jesús (Mt 27,32-44; Mc 15,21-32; Lc 23,26-43)

Tomaron, pues, a Jesús 17 que, cargando con su propia cruz, se encaminó hacia el llamado “lugar de la Calavera” (que en la lengua de los judíos se conoce como “Gólgota”). 18 Allí lo crucificaron, y con él crucificaron también a otros dos, uno a cada lado y Jesús en medio.

19 Pilato mandó poner sobre la cruz un letrero con esta inscripción: “Jesús de Nazaret, el rey de los judíos.” 20 La inscripción fue leída por muchos judíos, porque el lugar donde Jesús había sido crucificado estaba cerca de la ciudad. Además, el texto estaba escrito en hebreo, latín y griego. 21 Así que los jefes de los sacerdotes se presentaron a Pilato y le dijeron:

— No pongas: “El rey de los judíos” sino: “Este hombre dijo: Yo soy el rey de los judíos”.

22 Pero Pilato les contestó:

— Que quede escrito lo que yo mandé escribir.

23 Los soldados, una vez que terminaron de crucificar a Jesús, tomaron sus ropas e hicieron con ellas cuatro lotes, uno para cada soldado. Se quedaron también con la túnica, pero como era una túnica sin costuras, tejida de una sola pieza de arriba a abajo, 24 llegaron a este acuerdo:

— No debemos partirla; lo que procede es sortearla para ver a quién le toca.

Así se cumplió el pasaje de la Escritura que dice: Dividieron entre ellos mis ropas y echaron a suertes mi túnica.

Esto fue lo que hicieron los soldados.

La madre de Jesús y el discípulo amado

25 Junto a la cruz de Jesús estaban su madre, María la mujer de Cleofás, que era hermana de su madre, y María Magdalena. 26 Jesús, al ver a su madre y, junto a ella, al discípulo a quien tanto quería, dijo a su madre:

— Mujer, ahí tienes a tu hijo.

27 Después dijo al discípulo:

— Ahí tienes a tu madre.

Y desde aquel momento, el discípulo la acogió en su casa.

Muerte de Jesús (Mt 27,48-50; Mc 15, 36-37; Lc 23,46)

28 Después de esto, plenamente consciente de que todo había llegado a su fin, para que se cumpliese la Escritura, Jesús exclamó:

Tengo sed.

29 Empaparon una esponja en vinagre, la colocaron en la punta de una caña de hisopo y se la acercaron a la boca. 30 Jesús probó el vinagre y dijo:

— Todo está cumplido.

Inclinó, entonces, la cabeza y expiró.

La lanzada en el costado

31 Era el día de preparación y los judíos no querían que los cuerpos de los ajusticiados quedaran en la cruz aquel sábado, porque en él se celebraba una fiesta muy solemne. Por eso, pidieron a Pilato que ordenase quebrar las piernas de los crucificados y retirarlos de allí. 32 Fueron los soldados y quebraron las piernas de los dos que habían sido crucificados con Jesús. 33 Pero cuando se acercaron a Jesús, al comprobar que ya había muerto, no le quebraron las piernas, 34 sino que uno de los soldados le abrió el costado de una lanzada, y al punto brotó de él sangre y agua. 35 El que lo vio da testimonio de ello y su testimonio es verdadero y está seguro de que habla con verdad para que también ustedes crean. 36 Porque todo esto ocurrió para que se cumpliese la Escritura que dice: No le quebrarán ningún hueso. 37 Y también la otra Escritura que dice: Mirarán al que traspasaron.

Sepultura de Jesús (Mt 27,57-61; Mc 15,42-47; Lc 23,50-56)

38 Después de esto, José de Arimatea, que era discípulo de Jesús, aunque lo mantenía en secreto por miedo a los judíos, solicitó de Pilato el permiso para hacerse cargo del cuerpo de Jesús. Pilato se lo concedió, y él se hizo cargo del cuerpo. 39 También vino Nicodemo, el que con anterioridad había ido de noche a entrevistarse con Jesús, trayendo unas cien libras de una mezcla de mirra y áloe. 40 Entre ambos se llevaron el cuerpo de Jesús y lo envolvieron con vendas de lino bien empapadas en los aromas, según acostumbraban hacer los judíos para sepultar a sus muertos.

41 Cerca del lugar donde Jesús fue crucificado había un huerto, y en el huerto, un sepulcro nuevo en el que nadie había sido sepultado. 42 Y como el sepulcro estaba cerca y era para los judíos el día de preparación, depositaron allí el cuerpo de Jesús.

Jesus Sentenced to Be Crucified(A)

19 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him flogged.(B) The soldiers twisted together a crown of thorns and put it on his head. They clothed him in a purple robe and went up to him again and again, saying, “Hail, king of the Jews!”(C) And they slapped him in the face.(D)

Once more Pilate came out and said to the Jews gathered there, “Look, I am bringing him out(E) to you to let you know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”(F) When Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe,(G) Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!”

As soon as the chief priests and their officials saw him, they shouted, “Crucify! Crucify!”

But Pilate answered, “You take him and crucify him.(H) As for me, I find no basis for a charge against him.”(I)

The Jewish leaders insisted, “We have a law, and according to that law he must die,(J) because he claimed to be the Son of God.”(K)

When Pilate heard this, he was even more afraid, and he went back inside the palace.(L) “Where do you come from?” he asked Jesus, but Jesus gave him no answer.(M) 10 “Do you refuse to speak to me?” Pilate said. “Don’t you realize I have power either to free you or to crucify you?”

11 Jesus answered, “You would have no power over me if it were not given to you from above.(N) Therefore the one who handed me over to you(O) is guilty of a greater sin.”

12 From then on, Pilate tried to set Jesus free, but the Jewish leaders kept shouting, “If you let this man go, you are no friend of Caesar. Anyone who claims to be a king(P) opposes Caesar.”

13 When Pilate heard this, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judge’s seat(Q) at a place known as the Stone Pavement (which in Aramaic(R) is Gabbatha). 14 It was the day of Preparation(S) of the Passover; it was about noon.(T)

“Here is your king,”(U) Pilate said to the Jews.

15 But they shouted, “Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him!”

“Shall I crucify your king?” Pilate asked.

“We have no king but Caesar,” the chief priests answered.

16 Finally Pilate handed him over to them to be crucified.(V)

The Crucifixion of Jesus(W)

So the soldiers took charge of Jesus. 17 Carrying his own cross,(X) he went out to the place of the Skull(Y) (which in Aramaic(Z) is called Golgotha). 18 There they crucified him, and with him two others(AA)—one on each side and Jesus in the middle.

19 Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: jesus of nazareth,(AB) the king of the jews.(AC) 20 Many of the Jews read this sign, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city,(AD) and the sign was written in Aramaic, Latin and Greek. 21 The chief priests of the Jews protested to Pilate, “Do not write ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that this man claimed to be king of the Jews.”(AE)

22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

23 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of them, with the undergarment remaining. This garment was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom.

24 “Let’s not tear it,” they said to one another. “Let’s decide by lot who will get it.”

This happened that the scripture might be fulfilled(AF) that said,

“They divided my clothes among them
    and cast lots for my garment.”[a](AG)

So this is what the soldiers did.

25 Near the cross(AH) of Jesus stood his mother,(AI) his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.(AJ) 26 When Jesus saw his mother(AK) there, and the disciple whom he loved(AL) standing nearby, he said to her, “Woman,[b] here is your son,” 27 and to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” From that time on, this disciple took her into his home.

The Death of Jesus(AM)

28 Later, knowing that everything had now been finished,(AN) and so that Scripture would be fulfilled,(AO) Jesus said, “I am thirsty.” 29 A jar of wine vinegar(AP) was there, so they soaked a sponge in it, put the sponge on a stalk of the hyssop plant, and lifted it to Jesus’ lips. 30 When he had received the drink, Jesus said, “It is finished.”(AQ) With that, he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.

31 Now it was the day of Preparation,(AR) and the next day was to be a special Sabbath. Because the Jewish leaders did not want the bodies left on the crosses(AS) during the Sabbath, they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down. 32 The soldiers therefore came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and then those of the other.(AT) 33 But when they came to Jesus and found that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers pierced(AU) Jesus’ side with a spear, bringing a sudden flow of blood and water.(AV) 35 The man who saw it(AW) has given testimony, and his testimony is true.(AX) He knows that he tells the truth, and he testifies so that you also may believe. 36 These things happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled:(AY) “Not one of his bones will be broken,”[c](AZ) 37 and, as another scripture says, “They will look on the one they have pierced.”[d](BA)

The Burial of Jesus(BB)

38 Later, Joseph of Arimathea asked Pilate for the body of Jesus. Now Joseph was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly because he feared the Jewish leaders.(BC) With Pilate’s permission, he came and took the body away. 39 He was accompanied by Nicodemus,(BD) the man who earlier had visited Jesus at night. Nicodemus brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds.[e] 40 Taking Jesus’ body, the two of them wrapped it, with the spices, in strips of linen.(BE) This was in accordance with Jewish burial customs.(BF) 41 At the place where Jesus was crucified, there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb, in which no one had ever been laid. 42 Because it was the Jewish day of Preparation(BG) and since the tomb was nearby,(BH) they laid Jesus there.

Footnotes

  1. John 19:24 Psalm 22:18
  2. John 19:26 The Greek for Woman does not denote any disrespect.
  3. John 19:36 Exodus 12:46; Num. 9:12; Psalm 34:20
  4. John 19:37 Zech. 12:10
  5. John 19:39 Or about 34 kilograms