避難城

20 耶和華對約書亞說: 「你吩咐以色列人,照我以前藉摩西所吩咐你們的,設立一些城邑作為避難城, 好讓那些誤殺了人的可以逃到那裡,免遭仇人追殺。 逃進城的人要先站在城門口,向避難城的長老陳明事情的經過,長老就把他們收容到城裡,給他們地方住。 如果他們的仇人追到,長老們不可把他們交出來,因為他們是無意殺的,跟被殺者無冤無仇。 這些人要住在城內,直到在會眾面前受了審訊,並且還要等到在任的大祭司死後,才可離城回鄉。」

於是,民眾便設立拿弗他利山區加利利境內的基低斯、以法蓮山區的示劍和猶大山區的基列·亞巴,即希伯崙作為避難城。 他們又在約旦河、耶利哥東面空曠的平原上設立呂便支派的比悉,迦得支派基列境內的拉末和瑪拿西支派巴珊境內的哥蘭作為避難城。 這是為以色列人和那些從外地來寄居的人所設立的避難城,誤殺了人的可以逃到那裡,不致未在會眾面前受審便死在報仇的人手裡。

Refuge cities

20 The Lord spoke to Joshua: “Say to the Israelites, ‘Set up refuge cities for yourselves. I spoke to you about these through Moses. Anyone who kills by striking down someone unintentionally or by mistake may flee there. These places will be a refuge for you from any member of the victim’s family seeking revenge. The killer will flee to one of these cities, stand at the entrance of the city gate, and explain their situation to the elders of that city. The elders are to let the killer into the city and provide a place of refuge for the killer to live with them. If a member of the victim’s family follows, seeking revenge, they won’t hand the killer over. This is because the killer struck down the neighbor by accident and hadn’t been an enemy in the past. The killer will live in that city until there can be a trial before the community or[a] until the death of the one who is high priest at that time. Then the killer may return home, back to the city from which the flight began.’”

So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the highlands of Naphtali, Shechem in the highlands of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the highlands of Judah. On the other side of the Jordan east of Jericho, they set up Bezer in the wasteland on the plateau from the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead from the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan from the tribe of Manasseh. These cities were the ones designated for all the Israelites and for immigrants residing among them. Anyone who struck down a person by mistake could flee there and escape death at the hand of some member of the victim’s family seeking revenge, until there could be a trial before the community.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 20:6 Heb uncertain

Cities of Refuge(A)

20 Then the Lord said to Joshua: “Tell the Israelites to designate the cities of refuge, as I instructed you through Moses, so that anyone who kills a person accidentally and unintentionally(B) may flee there and find protection from the avenger of blood.(C) When they flee to one of these cities, they are to stand in the entrance of the city gate(D) and state their case before the elders(E) of that city. Then the elders are to admit the fugitive into their city and provide a place to live among them. If the avenger of blood comes in pursuit, the elders must not surrender the fugitive, because the fugitive killed their neighbor unintentionally and without malice aforethought. They are to stay in that city until they have stood trial before the assembly(F) and until the death of the high priest who is serving at that time. Then they may go back to their own home in the town from which they fled.”

So they set apart Kedesh(G) in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem(H) in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba(I) (that is, Hebron(J)) in the hill country of Judah.(K) East of the Jordan (on the other side from Jericho) they designated Bezer(L) in the wilderness on the plateau in the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead(M) in the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan(N) in the tribe of Manasseh. Any of the Israelites or any foreigner residing among them who killed someone accidentally(O) could flee to these designated cities and not be killed by the avenger of blood prior to standing trial before the assembly.(P)

The Cities of Refuge(A)

20 The Lord also spoke to Joshua, saying, “Speak to the children of Israel, saying: (B)‘Appoint[a] for yourselves cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you through Moses, that the slayer who kills a person accidentally or unintentionally may flee there; and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood. And when he flees to one of those cities, and stands at the entrance of the gate of the city, and [b]declares his case in the hearing of the elders of that city, they shall take him into the city as one of them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them. (C)Then if the avenger of blood pursues him, they shall not deliver the slayer into his hand, because he struck his neighbor unintentionally, but did not hate him beforehand. And he shall dwell in that city (D)until he stands before the congregation for judgment, and until the death of the one who is high priest in those days. Then the slayer may return and come to his own city and his own house, to the city from which he fled.’ ”

So they appointed (E)Kedesh in Galilee, in the mountains of Naphtali, (F)Shechem in the mountains of Ephraim, and (G)Kirjath Arba (which is Hebron) in (H)the mountains of Judah. And on the other side of the Jordan, by Jericho eastward, they assigned (I)Bezer in the wilderness on the plain, from the tribe of Reuben, (J)Ramoth in Gilead, from the tribe of Gad, and (K)Golan in Bashan, from the tribe of Manasseh. (L)These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel and for the stranger who [c]dwelt among them, that whoever killed a person accidentally might flee there, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood (M)until he stood before the congregation.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 20:2 Designate
  2. Joshua 20:4 states
  3. Joshua 20:9 As a resident alien