箴言的價值

這是大衛的兒子以色列王所羅門的箴言。

為使人認識智慧和教誨,
    領悟真知灼見;
為使人接受勸誡,
    為人處事仁義、公平、正直;
使愚昧人明智,
    使青年有知識和明辨力;
使智者聽了長學問,
    明哲聽了得指引;
使人領悟箴言和比喻,
    明白智者的話和謎語。

知識始於敬畏耶和華,

    愚人輕視智慧和教誨。
孩子啊,
    你要聽從父親的教誨,
    不可背棄母親的訓言。
因為這要作你頭上的華冠,
    頸上的項鏈。
10 孩子啊,惡人若引誘你,
    千萬不要聽從。
11 他們若說:「跟我們來吧,
    我們去埋伏殺人,
    暗害無辜者取樂;
12 我們要像陰間一樣生吞他們,
    整個吞沒他們,
    使他們如墜入墳墓的人;
13 我們必得到各樣寶物,
    把戰利品裝滿我們的房屋。
14 跟我們一起幹吧,
    大家有福同享!」
15 孩子啊,
    不要走他們的道,
    切莫行他們的路。
16 因為他們奔向罪惡,
    急速地去殺人流血。
17 在飛鳥眼前設網羅,徒勞無功。
18 他們埋伏,卻自流己血;
    他們伏擊,卻自害己命。
19 這就是貪愛不義之財者的結局,
    不義之財終要奪去他們的性命。

智慧的勸誡

20 智慧在大街上高喊,
    在廣場上揚聲,
21 在熱鬧的市集宣告,
    在城門口演說:
22 「你們愚昧人喜愛愚昧,
    嘲諷者以嘲弄為樂,
    無知者厭惡知識,
    要到什麼時候呢?
23 你們若因我的責備而回轉,
    我就向你們顯明我的旨意[a]
    叫你們明白我的話語。
24 我呼喚你們,
    你們卻充耳不聞;
    我向你們招手,
    你們卻視若無睹。
25 你們漠視我的勸誡,
    不接受我的責備。
26 因此,
    你們遭遇災難時,
    我必發笑;
    驚恐臨到你們時,
    我必嗤笑——
27 那時,恐懼如風暴襲擊你們,
    災難如旋風臨到你們,
    憂愁和苦難吞沒你們。
28 你們呼求我,
    我也不回答;
    你們懇切地尋找我,
    卻找不到。
29 因為你們厭惡知識,
    不願意敬畏耶和華,
30 不接受我的勸誡,
    又藐視我的責備。
31 所以,你們必自食其果,
    因自己的惡謀而吃盡苦頭。
32 愚昧人背離正道,
    自招滅亡;
    愚頑人逍遙自在,
    毀掉自己。
33 然而,那聽從我的必安然居住,
    得享安寧,
    不怕災禍。」

Footnotes

  1. 1·23 我就向你們顯明我的旨意」希伯來文是「我就將我的靈澆灌你們」。

The parables of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel; (The proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, the king of Israel;)

to know wisdom and knowing (to know wisdom and knowledge); to understand the words of prudence;

and to take the learning of teaching; to take rightfulness, and doom, and equity; (and to receive learning from teaching, or from instruction; to gain righteousness, and judgement, or justice, and fairness;)

that fellness, or wariness, be given to little children, and knowing and understanding to a young waxing man. (so that cleverness, and caution, be given to people of little wit, or of low intelligence, and knowledge and understanding to a young growing man.)

A wise man hearing shall be the wiser; and a man (of) understanding shall hold governance. (A wise person listening shall become wiser; and a person understanding shall gain skills, or abilities.)

He shall perceive a parable, and the expounding; the words of wise men, and the dark figurative speeches of them. (He shall understand a proverb, and its expounding, or its explanation; yea, the words of the wise, and their riddles.)

The dread of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom; fools despise wisdom and teaching. (The fear of the Lord/Reverence for the Lord is the beginning of wisdom; but fools despise wisdom and teaching.)

My son, hear thou the teaching of thy father, and forsake thou not the law of thy mother; (My son, listen thou to thy father’s teaching; and do not thou abandon thy mother’s principles;)

(so) that grace be added, either increased, to thine head, and a band to thy neck. (so that favour be added unto thee, and a band of honour be put about thy neck.)

10 My son, if sinners flatter thee, assent thou not to them.

11 If they say, Come thou with us, set we ambush to shed (out) blood, hide we snares of deceits against an innocent (person) without cause;

12 swallow we him, as hell swalloweth a man living; and all-whole, as (those) going down into a pit; (we shall swallow him up, like Sheol swalloweth up the living; yea, all-whole, like those going down into the pit;)

13 we shall find all precious chattel, (or possessions,) we shall fill our houses with spoils;

14 put thou lot with us, one purse be there of us all; (put thou thy lot with us, and let there be one purse for us all;)

15 my son, go thou not with them; forbid thy foot from the paths of them (do not let thy foot go onto their paths).

16 For the feet of them run to evil; and they hasten to shed out blood.

17 But a net is laid in vain before the eyes of birds, that have wings.

18 Also they set ambush against their own blood; and make ready frauds, or guiles, against their (own) souls.

19 So the paths of each avaricious man ravish, or take away, the souls of them that wield (them).

20 Wisdom preacheth withoutforth; in streets it giveth his voice. (Wisdom preacheth outside; yea, it raiseth up its voice in the streets.)

21 It crieth oft in the head of companies; in the leaves of [the] gates of the city it bringeth forth his words, and saith, (It crieth often at the tops of the streets; and at the leaves of the gates of the city, it bringeth forth its words, and saith,)

22 How long, little men in wit, love young childhood, and fools shall covet those things, that be harmful to themselves, and unprudent men shall hate knowing? (How long, ye of little wit, or of low intelligence, shall ye love foolishness, and shall fools desire those things that be harmful to themselves, and shall the imprudent hate knowledge, or understanding?)

23 Be ye converted at my reproving (Be ye changed by my rebukes); lo, I shall bring forth to you my spirit, and I shall show (you) my words.

24 For I called, and ye forsook; I held forth mine hand, and none there was that beheld. (For I called, but you would not listen to me; I held forth my hand, but no one paid any attention to it.)

25 Ye have despised all my counsel; and charged not my blamings (and would not listen to my rebukes).

26 And I shall laugh in your perishing; and I shall scorn you, when that, that ye dread, cometh to you. (And so I shall laugh at your misfortune, or at your tribulation; and I shall scorn you, when what ye fear, cometh to you.)

27 When sudden wretchedness falleth in, and perishing befalleth as (a) tempest; when tribulation and anguish cometh [up]on you.

28 Then they shall call me, and I shall not hear (but I shall not answer them); they shall rise early, and they shall not find me.

29 For they hated teaching, and they took not the dread of the Lord, (For they hated instruction, and they chose not to fear the Lord/and they chose not to have reverence for the Lord,)

30 neither they assented to my counsel, and they depraved all mine amending. (nor would they assent to my advice, and they have spurned all of my correction.)

31 Therefore they shall eat the fruits of their (own) way; and they shall be filled with their (own) counsels.

32 The turning away of little men in wit shall slay them; and the prosperity of fools shall lose them. (This turning away by those with little wit, or with low intelligence, shall lead to their own slaughter, yea, the prosperity of fools shall bring about their own destruction.)

33 But he that heareth me, shall rest without dread; and he shall use abundance, when the dread of evils is taken away. (But he who listeneth to me, shall rest without fear; and he shall enjoy his abundance, when the fear of evil is taken away.)

Purpose and Theme

The proverbs(A) of Solomon(B) son of David, king of Israel:(C)

for gaining wisdom and instruction;
    for understanding words of insight;
for receiving instruction in prudent behavior,
    doing what is right and just and fair;
for giving prudence to those who are simple,[a](D)
    knowledge and discretion(E) to the young—
let the wise listen and add to their learning,(F)
    and let the discerning get guidance—
for understanding proverbs and parables,(G)
    the sayings and riddles(H) of the wise.[b](I)

The fear of the Lord(J) is the beginning of knowledge,
    but fools[c] despise wisdom(K) and instruction.(L)

Prologue: Exhortations to Embrace Wisdom

Warning Against the Invitation of Sinful Men

Listen, my son,(M) to your father’s(N) instruction
    and do not forsake your mother’s teaching.(O)
They are a garland to grace your head
    and a chain to adorn your neck.(P)

10 My son, if sinful men entice(Q) you,
    do not give in(R) to them.(S)
11 If they say, “Come along with us;
    let’s lie in wait(T) for innocent blood,
    let’s ambush some harmless soul;
12 let’s swallow(U) them alive, like the grave,
    and whole, like those who go down to the pit;(V)
13 we will get all sorts of valuable things
    and fill our houses with plunder;
14 cast lots with us;
    we will all share the loot(W)”—
15 my son, do not go along with them,
    do not set foot(X) on their paths;(Y)
16 for their feet rush into evil,(Z)
    they are swift to shed blood.(AA)
17 How useless to spread a net
    where every bird can see it!
18 These men lie in wait(AB) for their own blood;
    they ambush only themselves!(AC)
19 Such are the paths of all who go after ill-gotten gain;
    it takes away the life of those who get it.(AD)

Wisdom’s Rebuke

20 Out in the open wisdom calls aloud,(AE)
    she raises her voice in the public square;
21 on top of the wall[d] she cries out,
    at the city gate she makes her speech:

22 “How long will you who are simple(AF) love your simple ways?
    How long will mockers delight in mockery
    and fools hate(AG) knowledge?
23 Repent at my rebuke!
    Then I will pour out my thoughts to you,
    I will make known to you my teachings.
24 But since you refuse(AH) to listen when I call(AI)
    and no one pays attention(AJ) when I stretch out my hand,
25 since you disregard all my advice
    and do not accept my rebuke,
26 I in turn will laugh(AK) when disaster(AL) strikes you;
    I will mock(AM) when calamity overtakes you(AN)
27 when calamity overtakes you like a storm,
    when disaster(AO) sweeps over you like a whirlwind,
    when distress and trouble overwhelm you.

28 “Then they will call to me but I will not answer;(AP)
    they will look for me but will not find me,(AQ)
29 since they hated knowledge
    and did not choose to fear the Lord.(AR)
30 Since they would not accept my advice
    and spurned my rebuke,(AS)
31 they will eat the fruit of their ways
    and be filled with the fruit of their schemes.(AT)
32 For the waywardness of the simple will kill them,
    and the complacency of fools will destroy them;(AU)
33 but whoever listens to me will live in safety(AV)
    and be at ease, without fear of harm.”(AW)

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 1:4 The Hebrew word rendered simple in Proverbs denotes a person who is gullible, without moral direction and inclined to evil.
  2. Proverbs 1:6 Or understanding a proverb, namely, a parable, / and the sayings of the wise, their riddles
  3. Proverbs 1:7 The Hebrew words rendered fool in Proverbs, and often elsewhere in the Old Testament, denote a person who is morally deficient.
  4. Proverbs 1:21 Septuagint; Hebrew / at noisy street corners