申命记 1
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
前言
1 以下是摩西对以色列人说的话。当时以色列人在约旦河东的旷野、疏弗对面的亚拉巴，即巴兰、陀弗、拉班、哈洗录和底撒哈之间。 2 从何烈山取道西珥山到加低斯·巴尼亚，需十一天。 3 在离开埃及后第四十年的十一月一日，摩西把耶和华的一切吩咐告诉了以色列人。 4 那时，他已经打败了希实本的亚摩利王西宏以及盘踞在以得来和亚斯她录的巴珊王噩。 5 摩西在约旦河东的摩押讲解律法，说： 6 “我们的上帝耶和华在何烈山对我们说，‘你们在这里已经住了多日， 7 现在该启程前往亚摩利人的山区、亚拉巴地区、山地、丘陵、南地、沿海一带、迦南和黎巴嫩，直到幼发拉底河。 8 看啊，我把那片土地赐给你们了，你们去占领吧，那是耶和华起誓赐给你们祖先亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各和他们后裔的地方。’
摩西设立首领
9 “那时，我对你们说，‘我无法独自承担管理你们的重任， 10 因为你们的上帝耶和华使你们人丁兴旺，以致今天人数多如天上的星星。 11 愿你们祖先的上帝耶和华使你们人数更增千倍，照祂的应许赐福给你们。 12 但我怎能独自担当解决你们问题和争端的重任呢？ 13 你们要从各支派中选出有智慧、有见识、受尊重的人，我要立他们做你们的首领。’ 14 你们都同意这样的做法。 15 于是，我把各支派中有智慧和受敬重的人立为你们的首领，即千夫长、百夫长、五十夫长、十夫长和其他官长，治理你们。 16 我吩咐这些官员要聆听案件，公正地审理同胞之间或与外族人之间的诉讼， 17 不可偏私，不分贵贱，不惧情面，因为判决来自上帝。如果案件太难，可以交给我处理。 18 那时，我把一切当行之事都告诉了你们。
派人打探迦南
19 “我们照我们上帝耶和华的吩咐，从何烈山出发，走过你们所见的那大而可怕的旷野，前往亚摩利山区，来到加低斯·巴尼亚。 20 我对你们说，‘我们的上帝耶和华赐给我们的亚摩利山区到了。 21 看啊，你们祖先的上帝耶和华已把那片土地赐给你们，你们要照着祂的应许去占领那里，不要惧怕，不要气馁。’ 22 你们来对我说，‘我们要先派人去打探那地方，回来好告诉我们当走哪条路，当占哪些城。’ 23 我同意你们的建议，便从你们当中选出十二人，每支派选一人。 24 他们前往山区，到了以实各谷，打探那地方。 25 他们带回来一些那里的果子，禀告说，‘我们的上帝耶和华赐给我们的地方很好。’
26 “但你们却违背你们上帝耶和华的命令，不肯上去。 27 你们在帐篷中埋怨说，‘耶和华憎恨我们，所以才领我们离开埃及，要把我们交在亚摩利人手里，让他们消灭我们。 28 我们怎能上去呢？那些弟兄的报告令我们胆战心惊，他们说那里的人比我们高大，城邑雄伟，城墙高达云霄，还有亚衲人在那里。’ 29 我对你们说，‘不要惊慌，不要怕他们。 30 你们的上帝耶和华必带领你们，为你们争战，正如祂当着你们的面在埃及所行的一样。 31 你们在旷野曾目睹你们的上帝耶和华像父亲抱儿子一样，一路把你们抱到这地方。’ 32-33 祂为你们开路，为你们找安营的地方，夜间用火柱、白天用云柱为你们引路。尽管如此，你们还是不信靠你们的上帝耶和华。
惩罚叛逆
34 “你们的埋怨惹耶和华发怒，祂起誓说， 35 ‘这邪恶的一代没有一人能看见我起誓要赐给他们祖先的佳美之地， 36 只有耶孚尼的儿子迦勒能看见，我必把他所踏之地赐给他和他的后代，因为他全心全意地跟从我。’ 37 因为你们的缘故，耶和华也向我发怒，说，‘你也不能进入那片土地， 38 但你的助手——嫩的儿子约书亚可以进入。你要鼓励他，因为他将带领以色列承受那片土地。 39 你们说你们的子女会被掳去，但这些还不知善恶的孩子都将进入那片土地，我要把那里赐给他们，他们将占领那里。 40 而你们要掉头，沿红海的路回到旷野。’
41 “于是，你们对我说，‘我们得罪了耶和华，现在我们愿意遵从我们的上帝耶和华的吩咐，上去作战。’你们便各自拿起兵器，以为可以轻易攻占山区。 42 但耶和华让我告诉你们，‘不要上去作战，以免被敌人击败，因为耶和华不会与你们同在。’ 43 我把耶和华的话转告了你们，但你们不听，违背耶和华的命令，擅自前往山区。 44 住在山区的亚摩利人蜂拥出击，打败了你们，从西珥追杀你们，一直追到何珥玛。 45 你们回来在耶和华面前哭泣，但耶和华不理会你们的哭声。 46 因此，你们在加低斯住了很久。
Deuteronomy 1
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
I. First Address
Chapter 1
Introduction. 1 [a]These are the words that Moses spoke to all Israel beyond the Jordan in the wilderness, in the Arabah, opposite Suph, between Paran and Tophel, Laban, Hazeroth, and Dizahab. 2 It is a journey of eleven days from Horeb[b] to Kadesh-barnea by way of the highlands of Seir.
3 In the fortieth year,[c] on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the Israelites according to all that the Lord had commanded him to speak to them, 4 after he had defeated Sihon, king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon,(A) and Og, king of Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei. 5 Beyond the Jordan, in the land of Moab, Moses undertook to explain this law:
Departure from Horeb. 6 [d](B)The Lord, our God, said to us at Horeb:[e] You have stayed long enough at this mountain. 7 Leave here and go to the hill country of the Amorites[f] and to all the surrounding regions, the Arabah, the mountains, the Shephelah, the Negeb and the seacoast—the land of the Canaanites and the Lebanon as far as the Great River, the Euphrates. 8 See, I have given that land over to you.(C) Go now and possess the land that the Lord swore to your ancestors, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give to them and to their descendants after them.
Appointment of Elders. 9 (D)At that time I said to you, “I am unable to carry you by myself.(E) 10 The Lord, your God, has made you numerous, and now you are as numerous as the stars of the heavens.(F) 11 May the Lord, the God of your ancestors, increase you a thousand times over, and bless you as he promised! 12 But how can I, by myself, bear the weight, the contentiousness of you? 13 Provide wise, discerning, and reputable persons for each of your tribes, that I may appoint them as your leaders.” 14 You answered me, “What you have proposed is good.” 15 So I took the leaders of your tribes, wise and reputable, and set them as leaders over you, commanders over thousands, over hundreds, over fifties and over tens, and other tribal officers. 16 (G)I charged your judges at that time, “Listen to complaints among your relatives, and administer true justice to both parties even if one of them is a resident alien. 17 In rendering judgment, do not consider who a person is; give ear to the lowly and to the great alike, fearing no one, for the judgment is God’s. Any case that is too difficult for you bring to me and I will hear it.” 18 Thus I charged you, at that time, with all the things you were to do.
The Twelve Scouts. 19 (H)Then we set out from Horeb and journeyed through that whole vast and fearful wilderness that you have seen, in the direction of the hill country of the Amorites, as the Lord, our God, had commanded; and we came to Kadesh-barnea.(I) 20 I said to you, “You have come to the hill country of the Amorites, which the Lord, our God, is giving us. 21 See, the Lord, your God, has given this land over to you. Go up and take possession of it, as the Lord, the God of your ancestors, has promised you. Do not fear or be dismayed.” 22 Then all of you approached me and said, “Let us send men ahead to spy out the land for us and report to us on the road we should follow and the cities we will come upon.” 23 Agreeing with the proposal, I took twelve men from your number, one from each tribe. 24 They set out into the hill country as far as the Wadi Eshcol, and explored it. 25 Then, taking along some of the fruit of the land, they brought it down to us and reported, “The land the Lord, our God, is giving us is good.”
Threats of Revolt. 26 (J)But you refused to go up;(K) you defied the command of the Lord, your God. 27 You set to murmuring in your tents, “Out of hatred for us the Lord has brought us out of the land of Egypt,(L) to deliver us into the power of the Amorites and destroy us. 28 What shall we meet with up there? Our men have made our hearts melt by saying, ‘The people are bigger and taller than we, and their cities are large and fortified to the sky; besides, we saw the Anakim[g] there.’”(M)
29 But I said to you, “Have no dread or fear of them. 30 (N)The Lord, your God, who goes before you, is the one who will fight for you, just as he acted with you before your very eyes in Egypt, 31 as well as in the wilderness, where you saw how the Lord, your God, carried you, as one carries his own child, all along your journey until you arrived at this place.” 32 Despite this, you would not trust the Lord, your God, 33 who journeys before you to find you a place to camp—by night in the fire, and by day in the cloud, to show you the way to go.(O) 34 When the Lord heard your words, he was angry, and took an oath: 35 Not a single one of this evil generation shall look upon the good land I swore to give to your ancestors, 36 except Caleb,[h] son of Jephunneh. He shall see it, for to him and to his descendants I will give the land he trod upon,(P) because he has fully followed the Lord.
37 The Lord was angered against me also on your account, and said, You shall not enter there either,(Q) 38 but Joshua,(R) son of Nun, your attendant, shall enter. Encourage him, for he is the one who is to give Israel its possession. 39 Your little ones, who you said would become plunder, and your children, who as yet do not know good from evil—they shall enter there; to them I will give it, and they shall take possession of it. 40 But as for yourselves: turn back and proceed into the wilderness on the Red Sea road.
Unsuccessful Invasion. 41 (S)In reply you said to me, “We have sinned against the Lord. We will go up ourselves and fight, just as the Lord, our God, commanded us.” And each of you girded on his weapons, making light of going up into the hill country. 42 But the Lord said to me, Warn them: Do not go up and fight—for I will not be in your midst—lest you be beaten down before your enemies. 43 I gave you this warning but you would not listen. You defied the Lord’s command and arrogantly went off into the hill country. 44 Then the Amorites living in that hill country came out against you and put you to flight the way bees do, cutting you down in Seir as far as Hormah. 45 On your return you wept before the Lord, but the Lord did not listen to your voice or give ear to you. 46 That is why you had to stay as long as you did at Kadesh.
Footnotes
- 1:1 The entire book of Deuteronomy is set “beyond the Jordan,” in the land of Moab (cf. v. 5; Nm 36:13), on the eve of the Israelites’ crossing of the Jordan (Jos 3). The Arabah: the valley of the Jordan and the depression south of the Dead Sea.
- 1:2 Horeb: an alternative name for Mount Sinai, the wilderness mountain where the Israelites received revelation from God (cf. Ex 3; 19). Kadesh-barnea: the southern gateway to the land of Canaan, from which Moses sent spies to reconnoiter the land (cf. Nm 13:26; 32:8). Seir: Edom, the land just south of Moab.
- 1:3 Fortieth year: counting from the exodus from Egypt (cf. Ex 12:2; 13:20–22).
- 1:6–3:29 Throughout this section Moses is reviewing the events following the departure from Horeb, as a basis for the exhortation beginning in 4:1. Most of these events are narrated with some variation in the Book of Numbers.
- 1:6 Horeb: the name given to the mountain of revelation in the Elohist and Deuteronomic traditions; this mountain is called Sinai in the Yahwist and Priestly traditions.
- 1:7 The hill country of the Amorites: the central mountain range of Palestine. The Negeb: the arid land in southern Palestine. The Lebanon: the mountain range of Phoenicia, north of Palestine. This is an idealized presentation of the land the Israelites were to occupy; Israel never held power as far as the “Great River” (the Euphrates). The Amorites and the Canaanites were only two of several different peoples occupying the land (cf. 7:1).
- 1:28 Anakim: a people proverbially notable for height, mentioned in pre-Israelite Egyptian texts, and in the biblical tradition associated with the region of Hebron and the hill country of Judah (Nm 13:22, 28, 33; Jos 11:21; 14:12, 15).
- 1:36 Except Caleb: and Joshua (v. 38).
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