不可拜偶像

15 “你们要格外小心,耶和华在何烈山的火焰中对你们说话时,你们没有看见任何形象, 16 所以不可堕落,去为自己制造任何形状的神像——男人、女人、 17 飞禽走兽、 18 爬虫或鱼类。 19 当你们举目观看你们的上帝耶和华赐给天下万民的日、月、星辰等天上万象时,不要受诱惑去跪拜、供奉它们。 20 耶和华拯救你们脱离埃及那座熔铁炉,让你们做祂自己的子民,正如今日的情形。 21 因你们的缘故,耶和华向我发怒,起誓不让我过约旦河、进入祂赐给你们作产业的那片佳美之地。 22 我将死在约旦河这边,过不了约旦河。但你们必过去得到那片佳美之地。 23 你们要谨慎,不可忘记你们的上帝耶和华与你们所立的约,不可违背你们上帝耶和华的禁令,去制造任何形状的神像。 24 因为你们的上帝耶和华是烈火,是痛恨不贞的上帝。

25 “将来,即使你们在那里安顿已久、子孙满堂,也不可堕落、制造任何形状的神像,不可做你们的上帝耶和华视为邪恶的事,惹祂发怒。 26 否则,今天我叫天地作证,你们必很快从约旦河对面将要占领的土地上灭亡,你们必被彻底消灭,不得在那里长久居住。 27 耶和华必把你们驱散到列邦,使你们在列邦中的人数所剩无几。 28 你们必在那里供奉人用木石造的不会看、不会听、不会吃、不会闻的神像。 29 但你们若在那里寻求你们的上帝耶和华,全心全意地寻求祂,就必寻见。 30 日后,当你们遭遇这些事,受尽苦难的时候,必归向你们的上帝耶和华,听从祂。 31 因为你们的上帝耶和华充满怜悯,祂不会抛弃你们,灭绝你们,也不会忘记祂与你们祖先所立的誓约。

独一的上帝

32 “你们可以查考历史,自上帝创造世人以来,这样的奇事,天地之间何曾有过?谁曾听闻? 33 有哪个民族像你们一样,听见了上帝在火中说话,还活了下来? 34 有哪个神明像你们的上帝耶和华那样在埃及当着你们的面降灾祸、行神迹奇事、兴起战争、伸出臂膀、施展大能的手、以伟大而可畏的作为拯救一族脱离异邦? 35 耶和华行这样的事,是要叫你们知道祂是上帝,除祂以外,别无他神。 36 祂让你们听见祂从天上来的声音,好教导你们,又在地上让你们看见祂的烈火,并听见祂在烈火中说的话。 37 因为祂爱你们的祖先,所以拣选你们,亲自用大能把你们从埃及领出来, 38 赶走比你们强大的民族,领你们进入他们的土地,把他们的土地赐给你们作产业,正如今日的情形。 39 所以,今天你们要知道并谨记,耶和华是天上地下的上帝,此外别无他神。 40 我今天将祂的律例和诫命传授给你们,你们要遵守,以便你们及子孙都蒙福,在你们上帝耶和华所赐的土地上得享长寿。”

设立避难城

41 那时,摩西在约旦河东划出三座城作避难城, 42 供素无冤仇却误杀他人者逃往避难。 43 三座城分别是旷野高原的比悉——供吕便人避难,基列的拉末——供迦得人避难,巴珊的哥兰——供玛拿西人避难。

重申律法

44 以下是摩西颁布给以色列人的律法, 45 即在离开埃及后传授给他们的法度、律例和典章。 46 当时他们在约旦河以东伯·毗珥对面的山谷,那里原属于希实本的亚摩利王西宏。摩西领以色列人离开埃及后消灭了西宏, 47 占领了他的土地,还占领了巴珊王噩的土地。西宏和噩是约旦河东亚摩利人的两个王, 48 其国土从亚嫩谷边的亚罗珥一直到西云山,即黑门山, 49 包括约旦河东的整个亚拉巴,远至毗斯迦山脚的亚拉巴海。

十诫

摩西把所有的以色列人召来,对他们说:“以色列人啊,要留心听我今天对你们宣讲的律例和典章,要学习并谨慎遵行。 我们的上帝耶和华曾在何烈山与我们立约, 这约不是与我们祖先立的,乃是与我们今天还活着的人立的。 耶和华在山上的烈火中面对面跟你们说话。 那时,因为你们害怕那烈火,没有到山上去,我就站在耶和华和你们中间,把耶和华的话传给你们。耶和华说,

“‘我是你的上帝耶和华,曾把你领出埃及,使你不再受奴役。

“‘除我以外,你不可有别的神。

“‘不可为自己雕刻神像,不可仿照任何飞禽走兽或水族的样子造神像, 不可跪拜它们,也不可供奉它们,因为我——你的上帝耶和华痛恨不贞,我必追讨背弃我之人的罪,从父到子直到三四代。 10 但那些爱我、遵守我诫命的人,我必以慈爱待他们,直到千代。

11 “‘不可妄用你上帝耶和华的名,违者必被耶和华定罪。

12 “‘要遵照你的上帝耶和华的吩咐守安息日为圣日。 13 你一周可工作六天, 14 但第七天是你的上帝耶和华的安息日,你和儿女、仆婢、牛驴等牲畜以及你那里的外族人在这一天不可做任何工,好让仆婢和你一样得到休息。 15 要记住,你曾在埃及做奴隶,你的上帝耶和华伸出臂膀,用大能的手把你从那里领出来。因此,你的上帝耶和华吩咐你守安息日。

16 “‘要遵照你的上帝耶和华的吩咐孝敬父母,以便在你的上帝耶和华要赐给你的土地上享长寿,蒙祝福。

17 “‘不可杀人。

18 “‘不可通奸。

19 “‘不可偷盗。

20 “‘不可作伪证陷害人。

21 “‘不可贪恋别人的妻子,不可贪图别人的房屋、田地、仆婢、牛驴或其他任何物品。’

22 “这是耶和华在山上的烈火、乌云和幽暗中高声颁布给你们全体会众的诫命。此外,祂没有说别的。祂把这些话写在两块石版上交给我。 23 当时,山上燃烧着烈焰,你们听见声音从黑暗中传来。你们各支派的首领和长老都到我跟前, 24 说,‘看啊,我们的上帝耶和华向我们彰显了祂的荣耀和威严,我们听见了祂从火中发出的声音。今天我们已经看见,人听见上帝说话后还能活着。 25 但我们何必冒死,被这烈火吞噬呢?我们若再次听到我们的上帝耶和华的声音,必然丧命。 26 世上有谁像我们一样听见永活上帝从火中说话后还能活着呢? 27 你去听听我们上帝耶和华所说的话,然后回来告诉我们,我们必听从、遵行。’

28 “耶和华听见了你们的话,就对我说,‘我听见了众人对你说的话,他们所说的都对。 29 但愿他们常常敬畏我,遵从我的一切诫命,以便他们和他们的子孙世世代代可以蒙福。 30 你吩咐他们回到自己的帐篷, 31 然后你再回到我这里来,我要把所有的诫命、律例和典章都赐给你,你要把这些传授给众人,使他们可以在我要赐给他们的土地上遵行。’ 32 所以,你们要谨遵你们上帝耶和华的吩咐,不可偏离左右。 33 这样,你们便得享长寿,并且可以在你们将要占领的土地上兴盛。

Idolatry Forbidden

15 You saw no form(A) of any kind the day the Lord spoke to you at Horeb(B) out of the fire. Therefore watch yourselves very carefully,(C) 16 so that you do not become corrupt(D) and make for yourselves an idol,(E) an image of any shape, whether formed like a man or a woman, 17 or like any animal on earth or any bird that flies in the air,(F) 18 or like any creature that moves along the ground or any fish in the waters below. 19 And when you look up to the sky and see the sun,(G) the moon and the stars(H)—all the heavenly array(I)—do not be enticed(J) into bowing down to them and worshiping(K) things the Lord your God has apportioned to all the nations under heaven. 20 But as for you, the Lord took you and brought you out of the iron-smelting furnace,(L) out of Egypt,(M) to be the people of his inheritance,(N) as you now are.

21 The Lord was angry with me(O) because of you, and he solemnly swore that I would not cross the Jordan and enter the good land the Lord your God is giving you as your inheritance. 22 I will die in this land;(P) I will not cross the Jordan; but you are about to cross over and take possession of that good land.(Q) 23 Be careful not to forget the covenant(R) of the Lord your God that he made with you; do not make for yourselves an idol(S) in the form of anything the Lord your God has forbidden. 24 For the Lord your God is a consuming fire,(T) a jealous God.(U)

25 After you have had children and grandchildren and have lived in the land a long time—if you then become corrupt(V) and make any kind of idol,(W) doing evil(X) in the eyes of the Lord your God and arousing his anger, 26 I call the heavens and the earth as witnesses(Y) against you(Z) this day that you will quickly perish(AA) from the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess. You will not live there long but will certainly be destroyed. 27 The Lord will scatter(AB) you among the peoples, and only a few of you will survive(AC) among the nations to which the Lord will drive you. 28 There you will worship man-made gods(AD) of wood and stone,(AE) which cannot see or hear or eat or smell.(AF) 29 But if from there you seek(AG) the Lord your God, you will find him if you seek him with all your heart(AH) and with all your soul.(AI) 30 When you are in distress(AJ) and all these things have happened to you, then in later days(AK) you will return(AL) to the Lord your God and obey him. 31 For the Lord your God is a merciful(AM) God; he will not abandon(AN) or destroy(AO) you or forget(AP) the covenant with your ancestors, which he confirmed to them by oath.

The Lord Is God

32 Ask(AQ) now about the former days, long before your time, from the day God created human beings on the earth;(AR) ask from one end of the heavens to the other.(AS) Has anything so great(AT) as this ever happened, or has anything like it ever been heard of? 33 Has any other people heard the voice of God[a] speaking out of fire, as you have, and lived?(AU) 34 Has any god ever tried to take for himself one nation out of another nation,(AV) by testings,(AW) by signs(AX) and wonders,(AY) by war, by a mighty hand and an outstretched arm,(AZ) or by great and awesome deeds,(BA) like all the things the Lord your God did for you in Egypt before your very eyes?

35 You were shown these things so that you might know that the Lord is God; besides him there is no other.(BB) 36 From heaven he made you hear his voice(BC) to discipline(BD) you. On earth he showed you his great fire, and you heard his words from out of the fire. 37 Because he loved(BE) your ancestors and chose their descendants after them, he brought you out of Egypt by his Presence and his great strength,(BF) 38 to drive out before you nations greater and stronger than you and to bring you into their land to give it to you for your inheritance,(BG) as it is today.

39 Acknowledge(BH) and take to heart this day that the Lord is God in heaven above and on the earth below. There is no other.(BI) 40 Keep(BJ) his decrees and commands,(BK) which I am giving you today, so that it may go well(BL) with you and your children after you and that you may live long(BM) in the land the Lord your God gives you for all time.

Cities of Refuge(BN)

41 Then Moses set aside three cities east of the Jordan, 42 to which anyone who had killed a person could flee if they had unintentionally(BO) killed a neighbor without malice aforethought. They could flee into one of these cities and save their life. 43 The cities were these: Bezer in the wilderness plateau, for the Reubenites; Ramoth(BP) in Gilead, for the Gadites; and Golan in Bashan, for the Manassites.

Introduction to the Law

44 This is the law Moses set before the Israelites. 45 These are the stipulations, decrees and laws Moses gave them when they came out of Egypt 46 and were in the valley near Beth Peor east of the Jordan, in the land of Sihon(BQ) king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon and was defeated by Moses and the Israelites as they came out of Egypt. 47 They took possession of his land and the land of Og king of Bashan, the two Amorite kings east of the Jordan. 48 This land extended from Aroer(BR) on the rim of the Arnon Gorge to Mount Sirion[b](BS) (that is, Hermon(BT)), 49 and included all the Arabah east of the Jordan, as far as the Dead Sea,[c] below the slopes of Pisgah.

The Ten Commandments(BU)

Moses summoned all Israel and said:

Hear, Israel, the decrees and laws(BV) I declare in your hearing today. Learn them and be sure to follow them. The Lord our God made a covenant(BW) with us at Horeb.(BX) It was not with our ancestors[d] that the Lord made this covenant, but with us,(BY) with all of us who are alive here today.(BZ) The Lord spoke(CA) to you face to face(CB) out of the fire(CC) on the mountain. (At that time I stood between(CD) the Lord and you to declare to you the word of the Lord, because you were afraid(CE) of the fire and did not go up the mountain.) And he said:

“I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt,(CF) out of the land of slavery.(CG)

“You shall have no other gods before[e] me.

“You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below.(CH) You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents(CI) to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me,(CJ) 10 but showing love to a thousand(CK) generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.(CL)

11 “You shall not misuse the name(CM) of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.(CN)

12 “Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy,(CO) as the Lord your God has commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day(CP) is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant,(CQ) nor your ox, your donkey or any of your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns, so that your male and female servants may rest, as you do.(CR) 15 Remember that you were slaves(CS) in Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand(CT) and an outstretched arm.(CU) Therefore the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.

16 “Honor your father(CV) and your mother,(CW) as the Lord your God has commanded you, so that you may live long(CX) and that it may go well with you in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

17 “You shall not murder.(CY)

18 “You shall not commit adultery.(CZ)

19 “You shall not steal.(DA)

20 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.(DB)

21 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You shall not set your desire on your neighbor’s house or land, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”(DC)

22 These are the commandments the Lord proclaimed in a loud voice to your whole assembly there on the mountain from out of the fire, the cloud and the deep darkness;(DD) and he added nothing more. Then he wrote them on two stone tablets(DE) and gave them to me.

23 When you heard the voice out of the darkness, while the mountain was ablaze with fire, all the leaders of your tribes and your elders(DF) came to me. 24 And you said, “The Lord our God has shown us(DG) his glory and his majesty,(DH) and we have heard his voice from the fire. Today we have seen that a person can live even if God speaks with them.(DI) 25 But now, why should we die? This great fire will consume us, and we will die if we hear the voice of the Lord our God any longer.(DJ) 26 For what mortal has ever heard the voice of the living God speaking out of fire, as we have, and survived?(DK) 27 Go near and listen to all that the Lord our God says.(DL) Then tell us whatever the Lord our God tells you. We will listen and obey.”(DM)

28 The Lord heard you when you spoke to me, and the Lord said to me, “I have heard what this people said to you. Everything they said was good.(DN) 29 Oh, that their hearts would be inclined to fear me(DO) and keep all my commands(DP) always, so that it might go well with them and their children forever!(DQ)

30 “Go, tell them to return to their tents. 31 But you stay here(DR) with me so that I may give you all the commands, decrees and laws you are to teach them to follow in the land I am giving them to possess.”

32 So be careful to do what the Lord your God has commanded you;(DS) do not turn aside to the right or to the left.(DT) 33 Walk in obedience to all that the Lord your God has commanded you,(DU) so that you may live and prosper and prolong your days(DV) in the land that you will possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 4:33 Or of a god
  2. Deuteronomy 4:48 Syriac (see also 3:9); Hebrew Siyon
  3. Deuteronomy 4:49 Hebrew the Sea of the Arabah
  4. Deuteronomy 5:3 Or not only with our parents
  5. Deuteronomy 5:7 Or besides