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25 “如果人與人之間有爭訟的事,就上法庭去;審判官審判他們的時候,要定義人有理,定惡人有罪; 如果有罪的人應受責打,審判官就要叫他伏下,當面按著他的罪,照著數目責打他。 只可打他四十下,不可再多;恐怕你多打了他,過了這數目,你的兄弟就在你眼前受辱了。

“牛在踹穀的時候,不可籠住牠的嘴。

兄弟可代兄弟傳宗接代

“兄弟住在一起,他們中間如果有一個死了,沒有留下兒子,死者的妻子就不可出嫁外人;她丈夫的兄弟要向她盡兄弟的本分,娶她為妻,和她同房。 她所生的長子要歸亡兄的名下,免得他的名字從以色列中被塗抹了。 那人如果不喜歡娶他兄弟的妻子,他兄弟的妻子就要到城門去見長老,說:‘我丈夫的兄弟不肯在以色列中為自己的哥哥立名,不肯對我盡兄弟的本分。’ 本城的長老就要把那人叫來,對他說明;如果他堅持說:‘我不樂意娶她’, 他哥哥的妻子就要當著長老的面前,走到那人跟前,脫去他腳上的鞋子,吐唾沫在他的臉上,說:‘那不為自己哥哥建立家室的,人人都要這樣對待他。’ 10 從此,在以色列中他的名字(“他的名字”或譯:“他的家的名字”)必稱為‘脫鞋者之家’。

其他條例

11 “有兩個人在一起打鬥,如果其中一人的妻子走前來,要救她的丈夫脫離那打她丈夫的人的手,就伸手抓住那人的下體, 12 你就要砍掉那婦人的手;你的眼不可顧惜。

13 “你袋裡不可有兩樣不同的法碼,一大一小; 14 你家裡不可有兩樣不同的升斗,一大一小。 15 你要有準確公正的法碼,你要有準確公正的升斗,好使你在耶和華你的 神賜給你的地上,得享長壽。 16 因為所有行這些事的,就是行不義的事的,都是耶和華你的 神厭惡的。

滅絕亞瑪力人的命令

17 “你要記住你們出了埃及以後,亞瑪力人在路上怎樣對待你; 18 怎樣在路上遇見了你,趁你疲倦困乏的時候,攻擊你後方所有軟弱無力的人,並不敬畏 神。 19 所以耶和華你的 神使你脫離四圍所有的仇敵,在耶和華你的 神賜給你作產業的地上,得享太平的時候,你務要把亞瑪力這名號從天下塗抹,不可忘記。”

25 「如果發生糾紛,雙方告上法庭,審判官要判明是非。 如果有罪的一方被判受鞭打,審判官要命令他當場伏在地上,按罪行輕重受刑。 最多可以鞭打他四十下。如果超過四十下,你們就是在公開羞辱自己的同胞。

「牛在踩穀時,不可籠住牠的嘴。

為死亡的兄弟傳宗接代

「如果兄弟們住在一起,其中一個沒有兒子便死了,死者的妻子不可改嫁給外人。死者的兄弟要盡兄弟的責任娶她為妻。 她生的第一個兒子要算為死者的兒子,免得死者在以色列絕後。 如果死者的兄弟不願娶那寡婦,她要到城門口見長老們,告訴他們,『我丈夫的兄弟不肯盡兄弟的責任娶我,不肯為我丈夫留後。』 長老們要把死者的兄弟召來,與他商談。如果他執意不肯, 那寡婦要當著眾長老的面,上前脫下他的鞋,吐唾沫在他臉上,說,『這就是不肯為兄弟留後之人的下場。』 10 從此以後,他的家在以色列要被稱為『被脫鞋者之家』。

其他條例

11 「如果兩個男人打架,其中一人的妻子為幫助丈夫而伸手抓住另外一人的下體, 12 就要砍掉她的手,不可憐憫她。

13 「你們做買賣時,口袋裡不可有一大一小兩種法碼, 14 家裡也不可用一大一小兩種量器。 15 你們必須誠實無欺,使用同樣的法碼和量器,以便在你們的上帝耶和華要賜給你們的土地上得享長壽。 16 因為你們的上帝耶和華憎惡行事詭詐的人。

滅絕亞瑪力人的命令

17 「你們要記住,你們從埃及出來的路上,亞瑪力人是怎樣對待你們的。 18 他們趁你們疲憊不堪時,襲擊你們當中掉隊的人,毫不敬畏上帝。 19 所以,當你們的上帝耶和華賜給你們那片土地作產業、使你們四境安寧時,要滅絕亞瑪力人,抹去世人對他們的記憶。你們要切記!

Laws of Social Responsibility

25 “If there is a (A)dispute between men, and they come to [a]court, that the judges may judge them, and they (B)justify the righteous and condemn the wicked, then it shall be, if the wicked man (C)deserves to be beaten, that the judge will cause him to lie down (D)and be beaten in his presence, according to his guilt, with a certain number of blows. (E)Forty blows he may give him and no more, lest he should exceed this and beat him with many blows above these, and your brother (F)be humiliated in your sight.

(G)“You shall not muzzle an ox while it [b]treads out the grain.

Marriage Duty of the Surviving Brother

(H)“If brothers dwell together, and one of them dies and has no son, the widow of the dead man shall not be married to a stranger outside the family; her husband’s brother shall go in to her, take her as his wife, and perform the duty of a husband’s brother to her. And it shall be that the firstborn son which she bears (I)will succeed to the name of his dead brother, that (J)his name may not be blotted out of Israel. But if the man does not want to take his brother’s wife, then let his brother’s wife go up to the (K)gate to the elders, and say, ‘My husband’s brother refuses to raise up a name to his brother in Israel; he will not perform the duty of my husband’s brother.’ Then the elders of his city shall call him and speak to him. But if he stands firm and says, (L)‘I do not want to take her,’ then his brother’s wife shall come to him in the presence of the elders, (M)remove his sandal from his foot, spit in his face, and answer and say, ‘So shall it be done to the man who will not (N)build up his brother’s house.’ 10 And his name shall be called in Israel, ‘The house of him who had his sandal removed.’

Miscellaneous Laws

11 “If two men fight together, and the wife of one draws near to rescue her husband from the hand of the one attacking him, and puts out her hand and seizes him by the genitals, 12 then you shall cut off her hand; (O)your eye shall not pity her.

13 (P)“You shall not have in your bag differing weights, a heavy and a light. 14 You shall not have in your house differing measures, a large and a small. 15 You shall have a perfect and just weight, a perfect and just measure, (Q)that your days may be lengthened in the land which the Lord your God is giving you. 16 For (R)all who do such things, all who behave unrighteously, are [c]an abomination to the Lord your God.

Destroy the Amalekites

17 (S)“Remember what Amalek did to you on the way as you were coming out of Egypt, 18 how he met you on the way and attacked your rear ranks, all the stragglers at your rear, when you were tired and weary; and he (T)did not fear God. 19 Therefore it shall be, (U)when the Lord your God has given you rest from your enemies all around, in the land which the Lord your God is giving you to possess as an inheritance, that you will (V)blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven. You shall not forget.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 25:1 Lit. the judgment
  2. Deuteronomy 25:4 threshes
  3. Deuteronomy 25:16 detestable