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察究见杀者之例

21 “在耶和华你神所赐你为业的地上,若遇见被杀的人倒在田野,不知道是谁杀的, 长老和审判官就要出去,从被杀的人那里量起,直量到四围的城邑。 看哪城离被杀的人最近,那城的长老就要从牛群中取一只未曾耕地、未曾负轭的母牛犊, 把母牛犊牵到流水、未曾耕种的山谷去,在谷中打折母牛犊的颈项。 祭司利未的子孙要近前来,因为耶和华你的神拣选了他们侍奉他,奉耶和华的名祝福,所有争讼殴打的事都要凭他们判断。 那城的众长老,就是离被杀的人最近的,要在那山谷中,在所打折颈项的母牛犊以上洗手, 祷告[a]说:‘我们的手未曾流这人的血,我们的眼也未曾看见这事。 耶和华啊,求你赦免你所救赎的以色列民,不要使流无辜血的罪归在你的百姓以色列中间。’这样,流血的罪必得赦免。 你行耶和华眼中看为正的事,就可以从你们中间除掉流无辜血的罪。

纳被掳妇女为妻之例

10 “你出去与仇敌争战的时候,耶和华你的神将他们交在你手中,你就掳了他们去, 11 若在被掳的人中见有美貌的女子,恋慕她,要娶她为妻, 12 就可以领她到你家里去。她便要剃头发,修指甲, 13 脱去被掳时所穿的衣服,住在你家里哀哭父母一个整月,然后可以与她同房。你做她的丈夫,她做你的妻子。 14 后来你若不喜悦她,就要由她随意出去,决不可为钱卖她,也不可当婢女待她,因为你玷污了她。

勿以私爱废长子

15 “人若有二妻,一为所爱,一为所恶,所爱的、所恶的都给他生了儿子,但长子是所恶之妻生的, 16 到了把产业分给儿子承受的时候,不可将所爱之妻生的儿子立为长子,在所恶之妻生的儿子以上; 17 却要认所恶之妻生的儿子为长子,将产业多加一份给他,因这儿子是他力量强壮的时候生的,长子的名分本当归他。

待逆子之例

18 “人若有顽梗悖逆的儿子,不听从父母的话,他们虽惩治他,他仍不听从, 19 父母就要抓住他,将他带到本地的城门,本城的长老那里, 20 对长老说:‘我们这儿子顽梗悖逆,不听从我们的话,是贪食好酒的人。’ 21 本城的众人就要用石头将他打死。这样,就把那恶从你们中间除掉,以色列众人都要听见害怕。

22 “人若犯该死的罪,被治死了,你将他挂在木头上, 23 他的尸首不可留在木头上过夜,必要当日将他葬埋,免得玷污了耶和华你神所赐你为业之地,因为被挂的人是在神面前受咒诅的。

Footnotes

  1. 申命记 21:7 原文作:回答。

Atonement for an Unsolved Murder

21 If someone is found slain, lying in a field in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess, and it is not known who the killer was,(A) your elders and judges shall go out and measure the distance from the body to the neighboring towns. Then the elders of the town nearest the body shall take a heifer that has never been worked and has never worn a yoke(B) and lead it down to a valley that has not been plowed or planted and where there is a flowing stream. There in the valley they are to break the heifer’s neck. The Levitical priests shall step forward, for the Lord your God has chosen them to minister and to pronounce blessings(C) in the name of the Lord and to decide all cases of dispute and assault.(D) Then all the elders of the town nearest the body shall wash their hands(E) over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley, and they shall declare: “Our hands did not shed this blood, nor did our eyes see it done. Accept this atonement for your people Israel, whom you have redeemed, Lord, and do not hold your people guilty of the blood of an innocent person.” Then the bloodshed will be atoned for,(F) and you will have purged(G) from yourselves the guilt of shedding innocent blood, since you have done what is right in the eyes of the Lord.

Marrying a Captive Woman

10 When you go to war against your enemies and the Lord your God delivers them into your hands(H) and you take captives,(I) 11 if you notice among the captives a beautiful(J) woman and are attracted to her,(K) you may take her as your wife. 12 Bring her into your home and have her shave her head,(L) trim her nails 13 and put aside the clothes she was wearing when captured. After she has lived in your house and mourned her father and mother for a full month,(M) then you may go to her and be her husband and she shall be your wife. 14 If you are not pleased with her, let her go wherever she wishes. You must not sell her or treat her as a slave, since you have dishonored her.(N)

The Right of the Firstborn

15 If a man has two wives,(O) and he loves one but not the other, and both bear him sons but the firstborn is the son of the wife he does not love,(P) 16 when he wills his property to his sons, he must not give the rights of the firstborn to the son of the wife he loves in preference to his actual firstborn, the son of the wife he does not love.(Q) 17 He must acknowledge the son of his unloved wife as the firstborn by giving him a double(R) share of all he has. That son is the first sign of his father’s strength.(S) The right of the firstborn belongs to him.(T)

A Rebellious Son

18 If someone has a stubborn and rebellious(U) son(V) who does not obey his father and mother(W) and will not listen to them when they discipline him, 19 his father and mother shall take hold of him and bring him to the elders at the gate of his town. 20 They shall say to the elders, “This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious. He will not obey us. He is a glutton and a drunkard.” 21 Then all the men of his town are to stone him to death.(X) You must purge the evil(Y) from among you. All Israel will hear of it and be afraid.(Z)

Various Laws

22 If someone guilty of a capital offense(AA) is put to death and their body is exposed on a pole, 23 you must not leave the body hanging on the pole overnight.(AB) Be sure to bury(AC) it that same day, because anyone who is hung on a pole is under God’s curse.(AD) You must not desecrate(AE) the land the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance.

21 If one be found slain in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee to possess it, lying in the field, and it be not known who hath slain him:

Then thy elders and thy judges shall come forth, and they shall measure unto the cities which are round about him that is slain:

And it shall be, that the city which is next unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take an heifer, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke;

And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley:

And the priests the sons of Levi shall come near; for them the Lord thy God hath chosen to minister unto him, and to bless in the name of the Lord; and by their word shall every controversy and every stroke be tried:

And all the elders of that city, that are next unto the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer that is beheaded in the valley:

And they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it.

Be merciful, O Lord, unto thy people Israel, whom thou hast redeemed, and lay not innocent blood unto thy people of Israel's charge. And the blood shall be forgiven them.

So shalt thou put away the guilt of innocent blood from among you, when thou shalt do that which is right in the sight of the Lord.

10 When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the Lord thy God hath delivered them into thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive,

11 And seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and hast a desire unto her, that thou wouldest have her to thy wife;

12 Then thou shalt bring her home to thine house, and she shall shave her head, and pare her nails;

13 And she shall put the raiment of her captivity from off her, and shall remain in thine house, and bewail her father and her mother a full month: and after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her husband, and she shall be thy wife.

14 And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will; but thou shalt not sell her at all for money, thou shalt not make merchandise of her, because thou hast humbled her.

15 If a man have two wives, one beloved, and another hated, and they have born him children, both the beloved and the hated; and if the firstborn son be hers that was hated:

16 Then it shall be, when he maketh his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved firstborn before the son of the hated, which is indeed the firstborn:

17 But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his.

18 If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that, when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto them:

19 Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place;

20 And they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard.

21 And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt thou put evil away from among you; and all Israel shall hear, and fear.

22 And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:

23 His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.