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申命記 9
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

以色列人的悖逆

9 「以色列人啊，你們要聽！今天你們要過約旦河，去趕出那些比你們強大的民族。他們住在城牆高聳入雲的大城裡， 2 是長得高大威猛的亞衲人。你們瞭解他們，也聽人說過，『誰能抵擋亞衲人呢？』 3 但今天你們要知道，你們的上帝耶和華要走在你們前面，像烈火一樣吞噬他們。祂要制伏他們，使你們迅速趕走他們，毀滅他們，正如祂對你們的應許。

4 「你們的上帝耶和華趕走他們以後，你們不要以為耶和華帶領你們佔領那片土地是因為你們公義，其實是因為那裡的民族邪惡，耶和華才將他們從你們面前趕走。 5 你們能佔領他們的土地並非因為你們公義、行為正直。你們的上帝耶和華從你們面前趕走那些民族，是因為他們邪惡，也是為了實現祂給你們祖先亞伯拉罕、以撒和雅各的誓言。 6 你們要知道，耶和華賜給你們那佳美之地不是因為你們有好品德。其實你們是頑固不化的人。

7 「要牢記你們在曠野怎樣觸怒你們的上帝耶和華。從你們離開埃及那天到現在，你們屢屢背叛耶和華。 8 在何烈山，你們觸怒了耶和華，以致祂要毀滅你們。 9 那時，我上山去接受耶和華與你們立約的石版，在山上待了四十晝夜，不吃也不喝。 10 耶和華把兩塊立約的石版交給我，上面刻著那天你們聚會時祂在山上的火焰中對你們說的話，是祂用手指刻上去的。 11 四十晝夜後，耶和華把那兩塊刻著約的石版交給我， 12 對我說，『快下山吧，你從埃及領出來的百姓已經敗壞了。他們這麼快就偏離了我吩咐他們走的道，為自己鑄造了神像。』

13 「耶和華又對我說，『我已看出，這是頑固不化的百姓。 14 不要攔我，我要毀滅他們，從世上抹去他們的名字。我要使你的子孫成為一個比他們更強大的民族。』 15 我雙手拿著那兩塊石版，轉身從烈火熊熊的山上下來， 16 看見你們為自己鑄造了牛犢像，得罪了你們的上帝耶和華，這麼快就偏離了耶和華吩咐你們走的道， 17 就當著你們的面摔碎了那兩塊石版。

18 「我又俯伏在耶和華面前，四十晝夜不吃不喝，因為你們犯了大罪，做耶和華憎惡的事，惹祂發怒。 19 耶和華向你們發烈怒，要毀滅你們，我非常懼怕。但耶和華再次垂聽了我的祈求。 20 耶和華對亞倫非常憤怒，以致要殺掉他，於是我也為他祈求。 21 我焚燒了你們鑄造的罪惡之物——牛犢像，把它磨成細粉，撒在從山上流下來的溪水中。

22 「你們在他備拉、瑪撒和基博羅·哈他瓦三番四次地觸怒耶和華。 23 你們的上帝耶和華吩咐你們離開加低斯·巴尼亞，去佔領祂賜給你們的土地，你們卻背叛祂，不信靠祂，也不聽從祂。 24 自從我認識你們以來，你們就不斷地背叛耶和華。

25 「因為耶和華說要毀滅你們，我就俯伏在耶和華面前四十晝夜， 26 向祂祈求說，『主耶和華啊，求你不要毀滅你的子民！他們是你的產業，是你用大能的手從埃及拯救出來的。 27 求你看在你僕人亞伯拉罕、以撒和雅各的份上，不要計較這個民族的頑固和罪惡， 28 免得你帶領我們離開之地的人說，你不能把他們領到你應許給他們的地方，你憎惡他們，所以把他們帶到曠野殺了。 29 他們畢竟是你的子民，你的產業，是你伸出大能的臂膀從埃及帶出來的。』

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Deuteronomy 9
New English Translation

Theological Justification of the Conquest

9 Listen, Israel: Today you are about to cross the Jordan so you can dispossess the nations there, people greater and stronger than you who live in large cities with extremely high fortifications.[a] 2 They include the Anakites,[b] a numerous[c] and tall people whom you know about and of whom it is said, “Who is able to resist the Anakites?” 3 Understand today that the Lord your God who goes before you is a devouring fire; he will defeat and subdue them before you. You will dispossess and destroy them quickly just as he[d] has told you. 4 Do not think to yourself after the Lord your God has driven them out before you, “Because of my own righteousness the Lord has brought me here to possess this land.” It is because of the wickedness of these nations that the Lord is driving them out ahead of you. 5 It is not because of your righteousness, or even your inner uprightness,[e] that you have come here to possess their land. Instead, because of the wickedness of these nations, the Lord your God is driving them out ahead of you in order to confirm the promise he[f] made on oath to your ancestors,[g] to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 6 Understand, therefore, that it is not because of your righteousness that the Lord your God is about to give you this good land as a possession, for you are a stubborn[h] people!

The History of Israel’s Stubbornness

7 Remember—don’t ever forget[i]—how you provoked the Lord your God in the wilderness; from the time you left the land of Egypt until you came to this place you were constantly rebelling against him.[j] 8 At Horeb you provoked him and he was angry enough with you to destroy you. 9 When I went up the mountain to receive the stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant that the Lord made with you, I remained there[k] forty days and nights, eating and drinking nothing. 10 The Lord gave me the two stone tablets, written by the very finger[l] of God, and on them was everything[m] he[n] said to you at the mountain from the midst of the fire at the time of that assembly. 11 Now at the end of the forty days and nights the Lord presented me with the two stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant. 12 And he said to me, “Get up, go down at once from here because your people whom you brought out of Egypt have sinned! They have quickly turned from the way I commanded them and have made for themselves a cast metal image.”[o] 13 Moreover, he said to me, “I have taken note of these people; they are a stubborn[p] lot! 14 Stand aside[q] and I will destroy them, obliterating their very name from memory,[r] and I will make you into a stronger and more numerous nation than they are.”

15 So I turned and went down the mountain while it[s] was blazing with fire; the two tablets of the covenant were in my hands. 16 When I looked, you had indeed sinned against the Lord your God and had cast for yourselves a metal calf;[t] you had quickly turned aside from the way he[u] had commanded you! 17 I grabbed the two tablets, threw them down,[v] and shattered them before your very eyes. 18 Then I again fell down before the Lord for forty days and nights; I ate and drank nothing because of all the sin you had committed, doing such evil before the Lord as to enrage him. 19 For I was terrified at the Lord’s intense anger[w] that threatened to destroy you. But he[x] listened to me this time as well. 20 The Lord was also angry enough at Aaron to kill him, but at that time I prayed for him[y] too. 21 As for your sinful thing[z] that you had made, the calf, I took it, melted it down,[aa] ground it up until it was as fine as dust, and tossed the dust into the stream that flows down the mountain. 22 Moreover, you continued to provoke the Lord at Taberah,[ab] Massah,[ac] and Kibroth Hattaavah.[ad] 23 And when he[ae] sent you from Kadesh Barnea and told you, “Go up and possess the land I have given you,” you rebelled against the Lord your God[af] and would neither believe nor obey him. 24 You have been rebelling against him[ag] from the very first day I knew you!

Moses’ Plea on Behalf of God’s Reputation

25 I lay flat on the ground before the Lord for forty days and nights,[ah] for he[ai] had said he would destroy you. 26 I prayed to him:[aj] O, Sovereign Lord,[ak] do not destroy your people, your valued property[al] that you have powerfully redeemed,[am] whom you brought out of Egypt by your strength.[an] 27 Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; ignore the stubbornness, wickedness, and sin of these people. 28 Otherwise the people of the land[ao] from which you brought us will say, “The Lord was unable to bring them to the land he promised them, and because of his hatred for them he has brought them out to kill them in the wilderness.” 29 They are your people, your valued property,[ap] whom you brought out with great strength and power.[aq]

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 9:1 tn Heb “fortified to the heavens” (so NRSV); NLT “cities with walls that reach to the sky.” This is hyperbole.
  2. Deuteronomy 9:2 sn Anakites. See note on this term in Deut 1:28.
  3. Deuteronomy 9:2 tn Heb “great and tall.” Many English versions understand this to refer to physical size or strength rather than numbers (cf. “strong,” NIV, NCV, NRSV, NLT).
  4. Deuteronomy 9:3 tn Heb “the Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation in keeping with contemporary English style to avoid redundancy.
  5. Deuteronomy 9:5 tn Heb “uprightness of your heart” (so NASB, NRSV). The Hebrew word צְדָקָה (tsedaqah, “righteousness”), though essentially synonymous here with יֹשֶׁר (yosher, “uprightness”), carries the idea of conformity to an objective standard. The term יֹשֶׁר has more to do with an inner, moral quality (cf. NAB, NIV “integrity”). Neither, however, was grounds for the Lord’s favor. As he states in both vv. 4-5, the main reason he allowed Israel to take this land was the sinfulness of the Canaanites who lived there (cf. Gen 15:16).
  6. Deuteronomy 9:5 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  7. Deuteronomy 9:5 tn Heb “fathers.”
  8. Deuteronomy 9:6 tn Heb “stiff-necked” (so KJV, NAB, NIV).sn The Hebrew word translated stubborn means “stiff-necked.” The image is that of a draft animal that is unsubmissive to the rein or yoke and refuses to bend its neck to draw the load. This is an apt description of OT Israel (Exod 32:9; 33:3, 5; 34:9; Deut 9:13).
  9. Deuteronomy 9:7 tn By juxtaposing the positive זְכֹר (zekhor, “remember”) with the negative אַל־תִּשְׁכַּח (ʾal tishkakh, “do not forget”), Moses makes a most emphatic plea.
  10. Deuteronomy 9:7 tn Heb “the Lord” (likewise in the following verse with both “him” and “he”). See note on “he” in 9:3.
  11. Deuteronomy 9:9 tn Heb “in the mountain.” The demonstrative pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  12. Deuteronomy 9:10 sn The very finger of God. This is a double figure of speech (1) in which God is ascribed human features (anthropomorphism) and (2) in which a part stands for the whole (synecdoche). That is, God, as Spirit, has no literal finger nor, if he had, would he write with his finger. Rather, the sense is that God himself—not Moses in any way—was responsible for the composition of the Ten Commandments (cf. Exod 31:18; 32:16; 34:1).
  13. Deuteronomy 9:10 tn Heb “according to all the words.”
  14. Deuteronomy 9:10 tn Heb “the Lord” (likewise at the beginning of vv. 12, 13). See note on “he” in 9:3.
  15. Deuteronomy 9:12 tc Heb “a casting.” The MT reads מַסֵּכָה (massekhah, “a cast thing”) but some mss and Smr add עֵגֶל (ʿegel, “calf”), “a molten calf” or the like (Exod 32:8). Perhaps Moses here omits reference to the calf out of contempt for it.
  16. Deuteronomy 9:13 tn Heb “stiff-necked.” See note on the word “stubborn” in 9:6.
  17. Deuteronomy 9:14 tn Heb “leave me alone.”
  18. Deuteronomy 9:14 tn Heb “from under heaven.”
  19. Deuteronomy 9:15 tn Heb “the mountain.” The translation uses a pronoun for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  20. Deuteronomy 9:16 tn On the phrase “metal calf,” see note on the term “metal image” in v. 12.
  21. Deuteronomy 9:16 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  22. Deuteronomy 9:17 tn The Hebrew text includes “from upon my two hands,” but as this seems somewhat obvious and redundant, it has been left untranslated for stylistic reasons.
  23. Deuteronomy 9:19 tn Heb “the anger and the wrath.” Although many English versions translate as two terms, this construction is a hendiadys which serves to intensify the emotion (cf. NAB, TEV “fierce anger”).
  24. Deuteronomy 9:19 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  25. Deuteronomy 9:20 tn Heb “Aaron.” The pronoun is used in the translation to avoid redundancy.
  26. Deuteronomy 9:21 tn Heb “your sin.” This is a metonymy in which the effect (sin) stands for the cause (the metal calf).
  27. Deuteronomy 9:21 tn Heb “burned it with fire.”
  28. Deuteronomy 9:22 sn Taberah. By popular etymology this derives from the Hebrew verb בָעַר (baʿar, “to burn”), thus, here, “burning.” The reference is to the Lord’s fiery wrath against Israel because of their constant complaints against him (Num 11:1-3).
  29. Deuteronomy 9:22 sn Massah. See note on this term in Deut 6:16.
  30. Deuteronomy 9:22 sn Kibroth Hattaavah. This place name means in Hebrew “burial places of appetite,” that is, graves that resulted from overindulgence. The reference is to the Israelites stuffing themselves with the quail God had provided and doing so with thanklessness (Num 11:31-35).
  31. Deuteronomy 9:23 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  32. Deuteronomy 9:23 tn Heb “the mouth of the Lord your God,” that is, against the commandment that he had spoken.
  33. Deuteronomy 9:24 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  34. Deuteronomy 9:25 tn The Hebrew text includes “when I prostrated myself.” Since this is redundant, it has been left untranslated.
  35. Deuteronomy 9:25 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  36. Deuteronomy 9:26 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.
  37. Deuteronomy 9:26 tn Heb “Lord Yahweh” (אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה, ʾadonay yehvih). The phrase is customarily rendered by Jewish tradition as “Lord God” (אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהִים, ʾadonay ʾelohim).
  38. Deuteronomy 9:26 tn Heb “your inheritance”; NLT “your special (very own NRSV) possession.” Israel is compared to landed property that one would inherit from his ancestors and pass on to his descendants.
  39. Deuteronomy 9:26 tn Heb “you have redeemed in your greatness.”
  40. Deuteronomy 9:26 tn Heb “by your strong hand.”
  41. Deuteronomy 9:28 tc The MT reads only “the land.” Smr supplies עַם (ʿam, “people”) and LXX and its dependents supply “the inhabitants of the land.” The truncated form found in the MT is adequate to communicate the intended meaning; the words “the people of” are supplied in the translation for clarity.
  42. Deuteronomy 9:29 tn Heb “your inheritance.” See note at v. 26.
  43. Deuteronomy 9:29 tn Heb “an outstretched arm.”
Listen to Deuteronomy 9
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Deuteronomy 9
New King James Version

Israel’s Rebellions Reviewed(A)

9 “Hear, O Israel: You are to cross over the Jordan today, and go in to dispossess nations greater and mightier than yourself, cities great and fortified up to heaven, 2 a people great and tall, the (B)descendants of the Anakim, whom you know, and of whom you heard it said, ‘Who can stand before the descendants of Anak?’ 3 Therefore understand today that the Lord your God is He who (C)goes over before you as a (D)consuming fire. (E)He will destroy them and bring them down before you; (F)so you shall drive them out and destroy them quickly, as the Lord has said to you.

4 (G)“Do not think in your heart, after the Lord your God has cast them out before you, saying, ‘Because of my righteousness the Lord has brought me in to possess this land’; but it is (H)because of the wickedness of these nations that the Lord is driving them out from before you. 5 (I)It is not because of your righteousness or the uprightness of your heart that you go in to possess their land, but because of the wickedness of these nations that the Lord your God drives them out from before you, and that He may [a]fulfill the (J)word which the Lord swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 6 Therefore understand that the Lord your God is not giving you this good land to possess because of your righteousness, for you are a (K)stiff-necked[b] people.

7 “Remember! Do not forget how you (L)provoked the Lord your God to wrath in the wilderness. (M)From the day that you departed from the land of Egypt until you came to this place, you have been rebellious against the Lord. 8 Also (N)in Horeb you provoked the Lord to wrath, so that the Lord was angry enough with you to have destroyed you. 9 (O)When I went up into the mountain to receive the tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant which the Lord made with you, then I stayed on the mountain forty days and (P)forty nights. I neither ate bread nor drank water. 10 (Q)Then the Lord delivered to me two tablets of stone written with the finger of God, and on them were all the words which the Lord had spoken to you on the mountain from the midst of the fire (R)in[c] the day of the assembly. 11 And it came to pass, at the end of forty days and forty nights, that the Lord gave me the two tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant.

12 “Then the Lord said to me, (S)‘Arise, go down quickly from here, for your people whom you brought out of Egypt have acted corruptly; they have (T)quickly turned aside from the way which I commanded them; they have made themselves a molded image.’

13 “Furthermore (U)the Lord spoke to me, saying, ‘I have seen this people, and indeed (V)they are a [d]stiff-necked people. 14 (W)Let Me alone, that I may destroy them and (X)blot out their name from under heaven; (Y)and I will make of you a nation mightier and greater than they.’

15 (Z)“So I turned and came down from the mountain, and (AA)the mountain burned with fire; and the two tablets of the covenant were in my two hands. 16 And (AB)I looked, and behold, you had sinned against the Lord your God—had made for yourselves a molded calf! You had turned aside quickly from the way which the Lord had commanded you. 17 Then I took the two tablets and threw them out of my two hands and (AC)broke them before your eyes. 18 And I (AD)fell[e] down before the Lord, as at the first, forty days and forty nights; I neither ate bread nor drank water, because of all your sin which you committed in doing wickedly in the sight of the Lord, to provoke Him to anger. 19 (AE)For I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure with which the Lord was angry with you, to destroy you. (AF)But the Lord listened to me at that time also. 20 And the Lord was very angry with Aaron and would have destroyed him; so I prayed for Aaron also at the same time. 21 Then I took your sin, the calf which you had made, and burned it with fire and crushed it and ground it very small, until it was as fine as dust; and I (AG)threw its dust into the brook that descended from the mountain.

22 “Also at (AH)Taberah and (AI)Massah and (AJ)Kibroth Hattaavah you [f]provoked the Lord to wrath. 23 Likewise, (AK)when the Lord sent you from Kadesh Barnea, saying, ‘Go up and possess the land which I have given you,’ then you rebelled against the commandment of the Lord your God, and (AL)you did not believe Him nor obey His voice. 24 (AM)You have been rebellious against the Lord from the day that I knew you.

25 (AN)“Thus I [g]prostrated myself before the Lord; forty days and forty nights I kept prostrating myself, because the Lord had said He would destroy you. 26 Therefore I prayed to the Lord, and said: ‘O Lord God, do not destroy Your people and (AO)Your inheritance whom You have redeemed through Your greatness, whom You have brought out of Egypt with a mighty hand. 27 Remember Your servants, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; do not look on the stubbornness of this people, or on their wickedness or their sin, 28 lest the land from which You brought us should say, “Because the Lord was not able to bring them to the land which He promised them, and because He hated them, He has brought them out to kill them in the wilderness.” 29 Yet they are Your people and Your inheritance, whom You brought out by Your mighty power and by Your outstretched arm.’

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 9:5 perform
  2. Deuteronomy 9:6 stubborn or rebellious
  3. Deuteronomy 9:10 when you were all gathered together
  4. Deuteronomy 9:13 stubborn or rebellious
  5. Deuteronomy 9:18 prostrated myself
  6. Deuteronomy 9:22 caused the Lord to be angry
  7. Deuteronomy 9:25 fell down
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