十誡

摩西把所有的以色列人召來,對他們說:「以色列人啊,要留心聽我今天對你們宣講的律例和典章,要學習並謹慎遵行。 我們的上帝耶和華曾在何烈山與我們立約, 這約不是與我們祖先立的,乃是與我們今天還活著的人立的。 耶和華在山上的烈火中面對面跟你們說話。 那時,因為你們害怕那烈火,沒有到山上去,我就站在耶和華和你們中間,把耶和華的話傳給你們。耶和華說,

「『我是你的上帝耶和華,曾把你領出埃及,使你不再受奴役。

「『除我以外,你不可有別的神。

「『不可為自己雕刻神像,不可仿照任何飛禽走獸或水族的樣子造神像, 不可跪拜它們,也不可供奉它們,因為我——你的上帝耶和華痛恨不貞,我必追討背棄我之人的罪,從父到子直到三四代。 10 但那些愛我、遵守我誡命的人,我必以慈愛待他們,直到千代。

11 「『不可妄用你上帝耶和華的名,違者必被耶和華定罪。

12 「『要遵照你的上帝耶和華的吩咐守安息日為聖日。 13 你一週可工作六天, 14 但第七天是你的上帝耶和華的安息日,你和兒女、僕婢、牛驢等牲畜以及你那裡的外族人在這一天不可做任何工,好讓僕婢和你一樣得到休息。 15 要記住,你曾在埃及做奴隸,你的上帝耶和華伸出臂膀,用大能的手把你從那裡領出來。因此,你的上帝耶和華吩咐你守安息日。

16 「『要遵照你的上帝耶和華的吩咐孝敬父母,以便在你的上帝耶和華要賜給你的土地上享長壽,蒙祝福。

17 「『不可殺人。

18 「『不可通姦。

19 「『不可偷盜。

20 「『不可作偽證陷害人。

21 「『不可貪戀別人的妻子,不可貪圖別人的房屋、田地、僕婢、牛驢或其他任何物品。』

22 「這是耶和華在山上的烈火、烏雲和幽暗中高聲頒佈給你們全體會眾的誡命。此外,祂沒有說別的。祂把這些話寫在兩塊石版上交給我。 23 當時,山上燃燒著烈焰,你們聽見聲音從黑暗中傳來。你們各支派的首領和長老都到我跟前, 24 說,『看啊,我們的上帝耶和華向我們彰顯了祂的榮耀和威嚴,我們聽見了祂從火中發出的聲音。今天我們已經看見,人聽見上帝說話後還能活著。 25 但我們何必冒死,被這烈火吞噬呢?我們若再次聽到我們的上帝耶和華的聲音,必然喪命。 26 世上有誰像我們一樣聽見永活上帝從火中說話後還能活著呢? 27 你去聽聽我們上帝耶和華所說的話,然後回來告訴我們,我們必聽從、遵行。』

28 「耶和華聽見了你們的話,就對我說,『我聽見了眾人對你說的話,他們所說的都對。 29 但願他們常常敬畏我,遵從我的一切誡命,以便他們和他們的子孫世世代代可以蒙福。 30 你吩咐他們回到自己的帳篷, 31 然後你再回到我這裡來,我要把所有的誡命、律例和典章都賜給你,你要把這些傳授給眾人,使他們可以在我要賜給他們的土地上遵行。』 32 所以,你們要謹遵你們上帝耶和華的吩咐,不可偏離左右。 33 這樣,你們便得享長壽,並且可以在你們將要佔領的土地上興盛。

 神在何烈山上與以色列人立約

摩西把以色列人都召了來,對他們說:“以色列人哪,我今日講給你們聽的律例和典章,你們要聽從,要學習,要謹慎遵行。 耶和華我們的 神在何烈山與我們立了約。 這約,耶和華不是與我們的列祖立的,而是與我們今日在這裡還活著的人立的。 耶和華在山上,從火中,面對面的與你們說話。 那時,我站在耶和華和你們中間,要把耶和華的話告訴你們;你們因為懼怕那火,所以沒有上到山上來,耶和華說:

重述十誡(A)

“‘我是耶和華你的 神,曾經把你從埃及地,從為奴之家領出來。

“‘除我以外,你不可有別的神。

“‘你不可為自己做偶像,也不可做天上、地下和地底下水中各物的形象。 不可跪拜它們,也不可事奉它們,因為我耶和華你們的 神是忌邪的 神;恨惡我的,我必追討他們的罪,從父親到兒子,直到三四代。 10 愛我和遵守我誡命的,我必向他們施慈愛,直到千代。

11 “‘不可妄稱耶和華你 神的名,因為妄稱耶和華的名的,耶和華必不以他為無罪。

12 “‘要遵守安息日為聖日,照著耶和華你 神吩咐你的。 13 六日要勞碌,作你一切工作。 14 但第七日是屬於耶和華你 神的安息日;這一日,你和你的兒女、僕婢、牛驢和一切牲畜,以及你城裡的寄居者,不可作任何的工,好使你的僕婢可以和你一樣享受安息。 15 你要記住:你在埃及地作過奴僕;耶和華你的 神用大能的手和伸出來的膀臂,把你從那裡領出來,因此耶和華你的 神吩咐你要守安息日。

16 “‘要孝敬父母,照著耶和華你的 神吩咐你的,使你可以得享長壽,也使你在耶和華你的 神賜給你的地上,得享福樂。

17 “‘不可殺人。

18 “‘不可姦淫。

19 “‘不可偷盜。

20 “‘不可作假證供陷害你的鄰舍。

21 “‘不可貪愛你鄰舍的妻子;不可貪圖你鄰舍的房屋、田地、僕婢、牛驢和你鄰舍的任何東西。’

人民懼怕,摩西作中保(B)

22 “這些話就是耶和華在山上,從火中、密雲中、幽暗裡,大聲對你們全體會眾所說的,並沒有加添甚麼;他把這些話寫在兩塊石版上,交給了我。 23 那時山上被火燒著,你們聽見有聲音從黑暗中發出來的時候,你們各支派的首領和你們的長老,都走到我這裡來, 24 說:‘看哪,耶和華我們的 神把他的榮耀和偉大顯給我們看,我們又聽見他從火中發出來的聲音;今日我們看見了 神與人說話,而人還能活著。 25 現在這大火快要吞滅我們了,我們為甚麼要冒死呢?如果我們再聽見耶和華我們 神的聲音,我們就必死亡。 26 因為有血肉生命的人,有誰像我們一樣,聽見永活的 神從火中說話的聲音,還能活著呢? 27 現在求你走前去,聽聽耶和華我們的 神要說的一切話;然後你要把耶和華我們的 神對你所說的一切話,都告訴我們;我們就必聽從,也必遵行。’

28 “你們對我說話的時候,耶和華聽見了你們說話的聲音;耶和華就對我說:‘這人民對你所說的話,我都聽見了;他們所說的都很好。 29 但願他們常常存著這樣的心,敬畏我,遵守我的一切誡命,使他們和他們的子孫永享福樂。 30 你去對他們說:“你們回到自己的帳棚裡去吧。” 31 至於你,你要站在我這裡;我要把一切誡命、律例、典章,都告訴你;你要教導他們,使他們在我賜給他們作產業的地上遵行。’ 32 所以,你們要照著耶和華你們的 神吩咐你們的,謹守遵行,不可偏離左右。 33 你們要走在耶和華你們的 神吩咐你們走的路上,使你們可以活著,可以享福,並且使你在將要佔領為業的地上,可以長久居住。”

The Ten Commandments(A)

Moses called all of Israel together and told them: “Listen, Israel! Today I’m going to announce God’s laws and regulations so that you will learn them and take care to obey them. When the Lord our God made a covenant with us in Horeb, it was not with our ancestors that the Lord made this covenant, but with us—we who are here today—all of us who are now living. The Lord spoke to you face to face on the mountain from the fire. I stood at that time as mediator[a] between the Lord and you to declare his[b] message to you, because you were afraid of the fire and would not go up the mountain. He said:

א[c] “‘I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt—from the house of slavery. You are to have no other gods as a substitute for me.[d]
ב “‘You are not to craft for yourselves an idol resembling what is in the skies above, or on earth beneath, or in the water sources under the earth. You are not to bow down to them in worship or serve them, because I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, visiting the guilt of parents[e] on children, to the third and fourth generation[f] of those who hate me, 10 but showing gracious love to the thousands of those who love me and keep my[g] commandments.
ג 11 “‘You are not to misuse the name of the Lord your God,[h] because the Lord will not leave unpunished the one who misuses his name.[i]
ד 12 “‘Observe the Sabbath day, maintaining its holiness,[j] just as the Lord your God commanded. 13 Six days you are to labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. You are not to do any work—neither you, your son, nor your daughter,[k] your male and female servants, your oxen and donkeys, nor any of your livestock, nor any foreigner who lives among you—[l] so that your male and female servants may rest as you do. 15 You are to remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, but the Lord your God brought you out from there with great power and a show of force.[m] Therefore, the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.
ה 16 “‘Honor your father and your mother, just as the Lord your God commanded you, so that you will live long and things will go well for you in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.
ו 17 “‘You are not to commit murder.
ז 18 “‘You are not to commit adultery.
ח 19 “‘You are not to steal.
ט 20 “‘You are not to give false testimony against your neighbor.
י 21 “‘You are not to desire[n] your neighbor’s wife nor crave your neighbor’s house,[o] his fields, his male and female servants, his ox, his donkey, nor anything else that pertains to your neighbor.’”

Moses Recalls God’s Warnings

22 “The Lord declared these commands in a loud voice to your entire assembly on the mountain from out of the fire[p] and dark clouds,[q] and nothing more was added. He inscribed them on two tablets of stone and gave them to me. 23 When you heard the voice from the darkness while the mountain was blazing, all the leaders and elders of your tribes came to me and said: 24 ‘The Lord our God truly has displayed his glory and power, for we heard him[r] from out of the fire today. We have witnessed how God spoke to human beings, yet they lived. 25 Now therefore, why should we die? This great fire will consume us. If we continue to listen to the voice of the Lord our God any longer, we’ll die. 26 For what mortal man[s] has heard the voice of the living God speaking out of the fire like we did, and lived? 27 As for you, go near and listen to everything that the Lord our God will say to you, then repeat it[t] to us, and we’ll listen and obey.’

28 “The Lord heard what you said. He told me: ‘I’ve heard what this people said. Everything they said was good. 29 If only they would commit[u] to fear me and keep all my commands, then it will go well with them and their children forever. 30 Go and tell them to return to their tents, 31 but you stand here with me and I’ll speak to you all the commands, decrees, and laws that you must teach them to observe in the land that I’m giving you to possess. 32 You must be careful to do what the Lord your God commanded you, turning neither to the left nor to the right. 33 You are to walk in every pathway that the Lord your God commanded you, so that life[v] may go well for you, and so that you will prolong your days in the land that you will possess.’”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:5 The Heb. lacks as mediator
  2. Deuteronomy 5:5 Lit. the Lord’s
  3. Deuteronomy 5:5 The Heb. letters to the left denote numbers 1-10
  4. Deuteronomy 5:7 Lit. gods besides me
  5. Deuteronomy 5:9 Lit. fathers
  6. Deuteronomy 5:9 So LXX. The Heb. lacks generation
  7. Deuteronomy 5:10 The MT is written his but is to be read my
  8. Deuteronomy 5:11 Lit. to take in vain the name of the Lord your God; i.e. for a worthless purpose
  9. Deuteronomy 5:11 Lit. who takes his name in vain i.e. for a worthless purpose
  10. Deuteronomy 5:12 Lit. day as holy; i.e. to set apart the day as holy
  11. Deuteronomy 5:14 Lit. your sons and your daughters
  12. Deuteronomy 5:14 Lit. lives within your gates
  13. Deuteronomy 5:15 Lit. with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm
  14. Deuteronomy 5:21 Lit. to covet; i.e. to set your heart on
  15. Deuteronomy 5:21 Or neighbor’s family dynasty
  16. Deuteronomy 5:22 LXX Sam Pentateuch read dark; cf. Deut 4:11
  17. Deuteronomy 5:22 Lit. cloud and thick darkness
  18. Deuteronomy 5:24 The Heb. lacks him
  19. Deuteronomy 5:26 Lit. For who among all flesh
  20. Deuteronomy 5:27 Lit. Then tell everything that the Lord our God will speak
  21. Deuteronomy 5:29 Lit. only their heart would incline
  22. Deuteronomy 5:33 Lit. it