關於婚姻的條例

24 「如果有人娶妻後,發覺妻子行為不檢,因而嫌棄她,他可以寫休書給她,讓她離開夫家。 她離開後,可以自由再婚。 如果她的後夫也嫌棄她,寫休書給她,讓她離開夫家,或者後夫死了, 前夫不可再娶這已被玷污的女子,因為那是耶和華所憎惡的。你們切不可把這種罪惡帶到你們的上帝耶和華將要賜給你們的土地上。

體恤人情

「不可叫新婚的人從軍出征或辦理公務。他可以留在家裡一年,使新婚的妻子快樂。

「不可拿別人的磨或磨的上盤作抵押品,因為這等於拿他們的生命作抵押。

「如果有人綁架自己的同胞,奴役他或賣掉他,必須處死綁架者,除掉你們中間的罪惡。

「遇到痲瘋病,你們要謹遵利未祭司的指示。你們要謹遵我對他們的吩咐。 要記住你們離開埃及後,你們的上帝耶和華在米利暗身上的作為。

10 「如果你們借貸給同胞,不可走進他家裡索取抵押物; 11 要站在外面,等他把抵押物拿出來。 12 如果他是窮人,用自己的外袍作抵押,你們不可把他的外袍留到第二天, 13 要在當天日落之前還給他,好讓他蓋著外袍睡覺。他會因此祝福你們,你們的上帝耶和華也會將此視為你們的義行。

14 「不可欺壓窮苦的雇工,不論他們是你們的同胞,還是住在你們城中的外族人。 15 你們要在每天日落前付給他們工錢,因為他們窮苦,靠工錢維生;否則他們向耶和華控訴你們,你們就有罪了。

16 「不可因孩子犯罪而處死父親,也不可因父親犯罪而處死孩子。各人要自負罪責。

17 「你們要公正地對待寄居者和孤兒,不可拿寡婦的衣物作抵押。 18 要記住,你們曾在埃及做過奴隸,你們的上帝耶和華拯救了你們。所以,我吩咐你們這樣行。

19 「如果你們在田間收割莊稼時忘了一捆,不可回去取,要留給孤兒寡婦和寄居者。這樣,你們的上帝耶和華必使你們凡事蒙福。 20 你們打橄欖時,打過一次後不可再打,要把剩下的留給孤兒寡婦和寄居者。 21 你們摘葡萄時,摘過一次後不可再摘,要把剩下的留給孤兒寡婦和寄居者。 22 要記住,你們曾在埃及做過奴隸。所以,我吩咐你們這樣行。

休妻和再婚的条例

24 “人若娶妻,作了她的丈夫,发现她有不合宜的事不喜欢她,而写休书交在她手中,打发她离开夫家, 妇人若离开夫家以后,去嫁别人, 后夫若恨恶她,写休书交在她手中,打发她离开夫家,又或者娶她为妻的后夫死了, 那休她的前夫就不可在妇人玷污之后再娶她为妻,因为这是耶和华所憎恶的。不可使耶和华—你 神所赐为业之地蒙受玷污。

一般条例

“人若娶了新娘,不可从军出征,也不可派他办理任何事情。他可以在家清闲一年,使他所娶的妻快活。

“不可拿人的石磨或上面的磨石作抵押,因为这是拿人的命作抵押。

“若发现有人绑架以色列人中的一个弟兄,把他当奴隶对待,或把他卖了,那绑架人的就必处死。这样,你就把恶从你中间除掉。

“关于麻风[a]的灾病,你们要谨慎,照利未家的祭司一切所指教你们的留心遵行。我怎样吩咐他们,你们要照样遵行。 要记得,在你们出埃及后的路途中,耶和华—你的 神向米利暗所做的事。

10 “你借给邻舍,无论是什么,不可进他家拿抵押品。 11 要站在外面,等那借贷的人把抵押品拿出来交给你。 12 他若是困苦的人,你不可用他的抵押品盖着睡觉。 13 日落的时候,总要把抵押品还给他,让他用那件外衣盖着睡觉,他就为你祝福。这在耶和华—你的 神面前就是你的义行了。

14 “困苦贫穷的雇工,无论是你的弟兄,或是住在你境内,在你城里寄居的,你都不可欺负他[b] 15 要当日给他工钱,不可等到日落,因为他困苦,需要靠工钱过活,免得他因你的缘故求告耶和华,罪就归于你了。

16 “不可因儿子处死父亲,也不可因父亲处死儿子;各人要因自己的罪被处死。

17 “不可对寄居的和孤儿屈枉正直,也不可拿寡妇的衣服作抵押。 18 要记得你曾在埃及作过奴仆,耶和华—你的 神从那里救赎了你,所以我吩咐你遵行这事。

19 “你在田间收割庄稼,若忘了一捆在田间,就不要再回去拿,要留给寄居的、孤儿和寡妇;好让耶和华—你的 神在你手里所做的一切,赐福给你。 20 你打了橄榄树,枝上剩下的不可再打,要留给寄居的、孤儿和寡妇。 21 你摘葡萄园的葡萄,掉落的不可拾取,要留给寄居的、孤儿和寡妇。 22 你要记得你曾在埃及地作过奴仆,所以我吩咐你遵行这事。

Footnotes

  1. 24.8 “麻风”泛指传染性皮肤病。
  2. 24.14 “欺负他”:七十士译本是“扣留他的工钱”。

24 If a man marries a woman who becomes displeasing to him(A) because he finds something indecent about her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce,(B) gives it to her and sends her from his house, and if after she leaves his house she becomes the wife of another man, and her second husband dislikes her and writes her a certificate of divorce, gives it to her and sends her from his house, or if he dies, then her first husband, who divorced her, is not allowed to marry her again after she has been defiled. That would be detestable in the eyes of the Lord. Do not bring sin upon the land the Lord(C) your God is giving you as an inheritance.

If a man has recently married, he must not be sent to war or have any other duty laid on him. For one year he is to be free to stay at home and bring happiness to the wife he has married.(D)

Do not take a pair of millstones—not even the upper one—as security for a debt, because that would be taking a person’s livelihood as security.(E)

If someone is caught kidnapping a fellow Israelite and treating or selling them as a slave, the kidnapper must die.(F) You must purge the evil from among you.(G)

In cases of defiling skin diseases,[a] be very careful to do exactly as the Levitical(H) priests instruct you. You must follow carefully what I have commanded them.(I) Remember what the Lord your God did to Miriam along the way after you came out of Egypt.(J)

10 When you make a loan of any kind to your neighbor, do not go into their house to get what is offered to you as a pledge.(K) 11 Stay outside and let the neighbor to whom you are making the loan bring the pledge out to you. 12 If the neighbor is poor, do not go to sleep with their pledge(L) in your possession. 13 Return their cloak by sunset(M) so that your neighbor may sleep in it.(N) Then they will thank you, and it will be regarded as a righteous act in the sight of the Lord your God.(O)

14 Do not take advantage of a hired worker who is poor and needy, whether that worker is a fellow Israelite or a foreigner residing in one of your towns.(P) 15 Pay them their wages each day before sunset, because they are poor(Q) and are counting on it.(R) Otherwise they may cry to the Lord against you, and you will be guilty of sin.(S)

16 Parents are not to be put to death for their children, nor children put to death for their parents; each will die for their own sin.(T)

17 Do not deprive the foreigner or the fatherless(U) of justice,(V) or take the cloak of the widow as a pledge. 18 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt(W) and the Lord your God redeemed you from there. That is why I command you to do this.

19 When you are harvesting in your field and you overlook a sheaf, do not go back to get it.(X) Leave it for the foreigner,(Y) the fatherless and the widow,(Z) so that the Lord your God may bless(AA) you in all the work of your hands. 20 When you beat the olives from your trees, do not go over the branches a second time.(AB) Leave what remains for the foreigner, the fatherless and the widow. 21 When you harvest the grapes in your vineyard, do not go over the vines again. Leave what remains for the foreigner, the fatherless and the widow. 22 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt. That is why I command you to do this.(AC)

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 24:8 The Hebrew word for defiling skin diseases, traditionally translated “leprosy,” was used for various diseases affecting the skin.