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不得進耶和華的會的人

23 “睾丸受傷的,或生殖器被割除的,不可進耶和華的會。(本節在《馬索拉文本》為23:2) 私生子不可進耶和華的會;他的後代直到第十代,也不可進耶和華的會。 亞捫人或摩押人不可進耶和華的會;他們的後代直到第十代,也永遠不可進耶和華的會。 因為你們出埃及的時候,他們沒有拿食物和水在路上迎接你們,又因為他們從兩河之間的亞蘭的毘奪雇了比珥的兒子巴蘭,來攻擊你,咒詛你。 但耶和華你的 神不願聽從巴蘭;耶和華你的 神使咒詛的話變為你的祝福,因為耶和華你的 神愛你。 你一生一世永不可尋求他們的平安和他們的福樂。

“你不可厭惡以東人,因為他是你的兄弟;不可厭惡埃及人,因為你在他的地上作過寄居的。 他們所生的子孫到了第三代,就可以進耶和華的會。

“你出兵安營攻打仇敵的時候,要謹守自己,遠避一切惡事。

保持軍營潔淨的條例

10 “如果你們中間有人因為夜間偶然夢遺而不潔淨,就要出到營外去,不可進入營中。 11 到了黃昏的時候,他要用水洗澡;日落了,他才可以進入營中。 12 你在營外要有廁所,你可以出到那裡去便溺。 13 在你的器械中,要有一把鍬;你在外面便溺以後,可以用來鏟土,轉身把糞便掩蓋。 14 因為耶和華你的 神常在你的營中行走,要拯救你,要把你的仇敵交在你的面前;所以你的營要聖潔,免得他看見你那裡有污穢的東西,就離開你。

其他各種條例

15 “如果一個奴僕離開了他的主人,逃到你那裡來,你不可把他送交他的主人。 16 他要在你中間和你同住,住在他自己選擇的地方,住在他喜歡的城市,你不可欺負他。

17 “以色列的女子中不可有廟妓,以色列的男子中不可有男廟妓。 18 妓女所得的酬金,或男妓所得的代價,你不可帶入耶和華你的 神的殿裡還任何的願,因為這兩樣都是耶和華你的 神厭惡的。 19 你借給你兄弟的銀錢、食物,或是任何可以生利的東西,都不可取利。 20 借給外族人,你倒可以取利;只是借給你的兄弟,你就不可取利;好使耶和華你的 神,在你要去得為業的地上,和你手裡所辦的一切事上,賜福給你。

21 “如果你向耶和華你的 神許了願,就不可遲延還願,因為耶和華你的 神必向你追討,那時你就有罪了。 22 如果你不許願,你倒沒有罪。 23 你嘴裡說出來的,你要謹守;你親口應許的甘心祭,就是你向耶和華你的 神許的願,你要實行。

24 “你進了你鄰舍的葡萄園,你可以隨意吃飽葡萄,只是不可裝在你的器皿裡。 25 你進了你鄰舍的麥田,你可以用手摘麥穗,只是不可在你鄰舍的麥田裡揮動鐮刀。”

Qualifications for Assembling

23 [a]“No man whose testicles have been crushed[b] or whose penis has been cut off may participate in the assembly of the Lord. Furthermore, no one born due to an illicit sexual relationship may participate in the assembly of the Lord, including his descendants to the tenth generation. No Ammonite or Moabite may participate in the assembly of the Lord, and none of their descendants is to be admitted to the assembly of the Lord, to the tenth generation, because they didn’t come to meet you with food and water along the way as you were coming out of Egypt. Instead, they hired Beor’s son Balaam from Pethor in Aram-naharaim[c] to curse you. However, the Lord your God didn’t listen to Balaam. The Lord your God turned Balaam’s[d] curse into a blessing, because the Lord your God loves you. Don’t seek a peace treaty with them as long as you live. Don’t detest Edomites, since they are related to you. Don’t detest Egyptians, either, because you were strangers in their land. Their grandchildren[e] may participate in the assembly of the Lord.”

Community Sanitation

“When you are encamped for battle against your enemies, be on guard against every form of impropriety. 10 If someone among you becomes unclean due to nocturnal emissions, he must leave the camp and stay outside. 11 As evening approaches, he must wash himself with water. Then at sunset, he may return to the camp.

12 “Choose a place outside the camp for a latrine. 13 Include a spade among your equipment so that when you squat to relieve yourself, you can dig a hole and then cover your excrement. 14 For the Lord your God is on the move within your camp to deliver you and to hand your enemies over to you. Therefore, your camp must be holy so that he will not see anything indecent among you and turn away from you.”

Treatment of Slaves

15 “Don’t hand over a slave who escaped from his master when he runs to you. 16 Let him live among you wherever he chooses in any of your cities that he likes. Don’t mistreat him.”

Cultic Prostitution Prohibited

17 “There are to be no cultic prostitutes among the daughters or the sons of Israel. 18 Don’t bring the earnings of a female prostitute nor the income of a male prostitute into the house of the Lord your God as payment for any vow. Both of these are detestable to the Lord your God.”

Fair Dealings

19 “Don’t charge interest to your relatives, whether for money, food, or for anything that has been loaned at interest. 20 You may charge interest to a foreigner, but don’t charge interest to your relatives, so the Lord your God may bless you in everything you undertake in the land that you are about to enter and possess.

21 “When you make a vow to the Lord your God, don’t delay paying it, because the Lord your God will certainly demand payment from you, and then you will be guilty of sin. 22 But if you refrain from making a vow, then you won’t be guilty. 23 Be sure you do whatever you promise, because you have given your word voluntarily to the Lord your God.

24 “When you enter your countrymen’s vineyard, you may eat the grapes to your satisfaction, but don’t take any in a basket. 25 When you enter your countrymen’s grain fields, you may pluck the grain with your hand, but don’t put a sickle to his standing grain.”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 23:1 This v. is 2 in MT, and so throughout the chapter.
  2. Deuteronomy 23:1 Or wounded
  3. Deuteronomy 23:4 I.e. Mesopotamia
  4. Deuteronomy 23:5 Lit. his
  5. Deuteronomy 23:8 Lit. Children born in the third generation