申命記 20
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)
交戰的條例
20 「你們和敵人交戰時，面對比你們強大的軍隊及戰車戰馬，不要害怕，因為你們的上帝耶和華與你們同在，祂曾帶領你們離開埃及。 2 你們出戰之前，祭司要上前鼓舞士氣， 3 說，『以色列人啊，聽著！今天你們要和敵人交戰，不要膽怯，不要懼怕，也不要恐慌。 4 因為你們的上帝耶和華要與你們同去，為你們爭戰，使你們得勝。』 5 官長要對士兵說，『你們誰建了新房子還沒有舉行奉獻禮[a]？他可以回家去，以免他陣亡了，別人為他的房子舉行奉獻禮。 6 誰栽種了葡萄園還沒有享受過園中的果子？他可以回家去，以免他陣亡了，別人享受他園中的果子。 7 誰訂了親還沒有迎娶？他可以回家去，以免他陣亡了，別人娶他的未婚妻。』 8 官長也要告訴士兵，『有沒有膽怯、害怕的？他可以回家去，免得影響他人士氣。』 9 他們講完後，就要委派將領率軍出戰。
攻城之略
10 「你們進攻一座城之前，要先給城中居民求和的機會。 11 如果他們開城投降，城裡所有的人都要做你們的奴隸，為你們服勞役。 12 如果他們不肯投降，要交戰，你們就要圍攻那城。 13 你們的上帝耶和華把城交給你們時，你們要殺光城裡所有的男子， 14 但可以留下城中的婦女、孩童、牲畜及其他一切作戰利品。你們可以享用仇敵的財物，那是你們的上帝耶和華賜給你們的。 15 上述做法只適用於離你們很遙遠的城邑，你們附近各族的城邑除外。 16 你們的上帝耶和華將把你們附近各族的城邑賜給你們，你們要將裡面有氣息的全部消滅。 17 要遵照你們的上帝耶和華的吩咐，徹底滅絕赫人、亞摩利人、迦南人、比利洗人、希未人和耶布斯人， 18 免得他們將祭拜自己神明的可憎習俗傳給你們，以致你們得罪你們的上帝耶和華。
19 「你們圍攻一座城久攻不下時，不可用斧頭砍掉那裡的樹木，因為你們可以吃樹上的果子。田間的樹木豈是人，讓你們圍攻嗎？ 20 但你們可以砍那些不結果子的樹來建圍城的工事，直到攻陷為止。
Footnotes
- 20·5 「舉行奉獻禮」指入住前舉行的儀式，有些版本譯為「開始入住」。
Deuteronomy 20
Lexham English Bible
20 “If you go out to war against your enemies and you see a horse and a chariot, an army[a] larger that you, you shall not be afraid because of them; for Yahweh your God is with you, the one who brought you from the land of Egypt. 2 And then[b] when you approach the battle, then the priest shall come near and speak to the troops. 3 And he shall say to them, ‘Hear, Israel, you are near today[c] to the battle against your enemies; do not lose heart;[d] you shall not be afraid, and you shall not panic, and you shall not be terrified because of them,[e] 4 for Yahweh your God is going with you to fight for you against your enemies to help you.’ 5 And the officials shall speak to the troops, saying,[f] ‘Who is the man who has built a new house and has not dedicated it? Let him go and return to this house, so that he does not die in battle and another man[g] dedicates it. 6 And who is the man that has planted a vineyard and has not enjoyed it? Let him go and let him return to his house, so that he does not die in battle and another man[h] enjoys it. 7 And who is the man who got engaged to a woman and has not married her? Let him go and let him return to his house, so that he does not die in battle and another man[i] marries her.’ 8 And the officials shall continue to speak to the troops, and they shall say, ‘What man[j] is afraid and disheartened?[k] Let him go, and let him return to his house, and let him not cause the heart of his brothers to melt[l] like his.’ 9 And when the officials have finished speaking[m] to the army troops, then they shall appoint commanders of divisions at the head of the troops.
10 “When you approach a city to fight against it, you must offer it peace.[n] 11 And then[o] if they accept your terms of peace[p] and they surrender to you,[q] and then[r] all the people inhabiting it[s] shall be forced labor for you, and they shall serve you. 12 But if they do not accept your terms of peace[t] and they want to make war with you, then you shall lay siege against it.[u] 13 And Yahweh your God will give it into your hand, and you shall kill all its males with the edge[v] of the sword. 14 Only the women and the little children and the domestic animals[w] and all that shall be in the city, all of its spoil you may loot for yourselves, and you may enjoy the spoil of your enemies that Yahweh you God has given to you. 15 Thus you shall do to all the far[x] cities from you, which are not from the cities of these nations located nearby.[y]
16 But from the cities of these peoples that Yahweh your God is giving to you as an inheritance, you shall not let anything live that breathes.[z] 17 Rather, you shall utterly destroy them, the Hittites[aa] and the Amorites,[ab] the Canaanites[ac] and the Perizzites,[ad] the Hivites,[ae] and the Jebusites,[af] just as Yahweh your God has commanded you, 18 so that they may not teach you to do like all their detestable things that they do for their gods and thereby you sin against Yahweh your God.
19 “If[ag] you besiege a town for many days to make war against it in order to seize it, you shall not destroy its trees by wielding an ax against them,[ah] for you may eat from them,[ai] and so you must not cut them[aj] down. Are the trees of the field humans that they should come in siege against you?[ak] 20 Only[al] the trees[am] that you know are not fruit trees[an] you may destroy and you may cut down, and you may build siege works against that city that is making war with you until it falls.”[ao]
Footnotes
- Deuteronomy 20:1 Literally “a people”
- Deuteronomy 20:2 Literally “And it will happen”
- Deuteronomy 20:3 Literally “the day”
- Deuteronomy 20:3 Literally “do not be faint/tender-hearted”
- Deuteronomy 20:3 Literally “from their faces”
- Deuteronomy 20:5 Literally “to say”
- Deuteronomy 20:5 Literally “a man other”
- Deuteronomy 20:6 Literally “a man other”
- Deuteronomy 20:7 Literally “a man other”
- Deuteronomy 20:8 Literally “Who is the man”
- Deuteronomy 20:8 Literally “and soft/weak of the heart”
- Deuteronomy 20:8 The verb has a causal meaning here
- Deuteronomy 20:9 Literally “it will happen as to finish the officials to speak”
- Deuteronomy 20:10 Literally “you should call it for peace”
- Deuteronomy 20:11 Literally “And it will happen”
- Deuteronomy 20:11 Literally “if peace they reply to you”
- Deuteronomy 20:11 Literally “they open to you”
- Deuteronomy 20:11 Literally “and it will happen”
- Deuteronomy 20:11 Literally “being found in it”
- Deuteronomy 20:12 Literally “not they make peace with you”
- Deuteronomy 20:12 That is, the city
- Deuteronomy 20:13 Literally “mouth”
- Deuteronomy 20:14 Hebrew “animal”
- Deuteronomy 20:15 Or “distant”
- Deuteronomy 20:15 Literally “here”
- Deuteronomy 20:16 Or “is alive”
- Deuteronomy 20:17 Hebrew “Hittite”
- Deuteronomy 20:17 Hebrew “Amorite”
- Deuteronomy 20:17 Hebrew “Canaanite”
- Deuteronomy 20:17 Hebrew “Perizzite”
- Deuteronomy 20:17 Hebrew “Hivite”
- Deuteronomy 20:17 Hebrew “Jebusite”
- Deuteronomy 20:19 Or “when”
- Deuteronomy 20:19 Hebrew “it”
- Deuteronomy 20:19 Hebrew “it”
- Deuteronomy 20:19 Hebrew “it”
- Deuteronomy 20:19 Literally “from your face”
- Deuteronomy 20:20 Or “But”
- Deuteronomy 20:20 Hebrew “tree”
- Deuteronomy 20:20 Literally “not a tree of food”
- Deuteronomy 20:20 Literally “it to fall”
Deuteronomio 20
Conferenza Episcopale Italiana
La guerra e i combattenti
20 Quando andrai in guerra contro i tuoi nemici e vedrai cavalli e carri e forze superiori a te, non li temere, perché è con te il Signore tuo Dio, che ti ha fatto uscire dal paese d'Egitto. 2 Quando sarete vicini alla battaglia, il sacerdote si farà avanti, parlerà al popolo 3 e gli dirà: Ascolta, Israele! Voi oggi siete prossimi a dar battaglia ai vostri nemici; il vostro cuore non venga meno; non temete, non vi smarrite e non vi spaventate dinanzi a loro, 4 perché il Signore vostro Dio cammina con voi per combattere per voi contro i vostri nemici e per salvarvi. 5 I capi diranno al popolo: C'è qualcuno che abbia costruito una casa nuova e non l'abbia ancora inaugurata? Vada, torni a casa, perché non muoia in battaglia e altri inauguri la casa. 6 C'è qualcuno che abbia piantato una vigna e non ne abbia ancora goduto il frutto? Vada, torni a casa, perché non muoia in battaglia e altri ne goda il frutto. 7 C'è qualcuno che si sia fidanzato con una donna e non l'abbia ancora sposata? Vada, torni a casa, perché non muoia in battaglia e altri la sposi. 8 I capi aggiungeranno al popolo: C'è qualcuno che abbia paura e cui venga meno il coraggio? Vada, torni a casa, perché il coraggio dei suoi fratelli non venga a mancare come il suo. 9 Quando i capi avranno finito di parlare al popolo, costituiranno i comandanti delle schiere alla testa del popolo.
La conquista delle città
10 Quando ti avvicinerai a una città per attaccarla, le offrirai prima la pace. 11 Se accetta la pace e ti apre le sue porte, tutto il popolo che vi si troverà ti sarà tributario e ti servirà. 12 Ma se non vuol far pace con te e vorrà la guerra, allora l'assedierai. 13 Quando il Signore tuo Dio l'avrà data nelle tue mani, ne colpirai a fil di spada tutti i maschi; 14 ma le donne, i bambini, il bestiame e quanto sarà nella città, tutto il suo bottino, li prenderai come tua preda; mangerai il bottino dei tuoi nemici, che il Signore tuo Dio ti avrà dato. 15 Così farai per tutte le città che sono molto lontane da te e che non sono città di queste nazioni.
16 Soltanto nelle città di questi popoli che il Signore tuo Dio ti dà in eredità, non lascerai in vita alcun essere che respiri; 17 ma li voterai allo sterminio: cioè gli Hittiti, gli Amorrei, i Cananei, i Perizziti, gli Evei e i Gebusei, come il Signore tuo Dio ti ha comandato di fare, 18 perché essi non v'insegnino a commettere tutti gli abomini che fanno per i loro dei e voi non pecchiate contro il Signore vostro Dio.
19 Quando cingerai d'assedio una città per lungo tempo, per espugnarla e conquistarla, non ne distruggerai gli alberi colpendoli con la scure; ne mangerai il frutto, ma non li taglierai, perché l'albero della campagna è forse un uomo, per essere coinvolto nell'assedio? 20 Soltanto potrai distruggere e recidere gli alberi che saprai non essere alberi da frutto, per costruire opere d'assedio contro la città che è in guerra con te, finché non sia caduta.
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