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申命記 18
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

利未人的產業

18 「利未祭司及其他利未支派的人在以色列不可擁有土地。他們吃的是獻給耶和華的火祭，那是他們的產業。 2 他們在眾支派中沒有自己的產業，因為耶和華是他們的產業，這是祂的應許。 3 眾人所獻的牛羊的前腿、腮頰和胃應歸祭司。 4 你們要給祭司初收的五穀、新酒、新油和初剪的羊毛。 5 因為你們的上帝耶和華從各支派中揀選了利未人，讓他們世代奉祂的名事奉。

6 「以色列境內任何地方的利未人若願意離開自己所住的城，去耶和華選定的地方， 7 他可以像在耶和華面前事奉的其他利未人一樣，在那裡事奉他的上帝耶和華。 8 除了變賣產業所得之外，他還可以分到與其他祭司同等分量的祭物。

不可隨從外族風俗

9 「你們進入你們的上帝耶和華將要賜給你們的土地後，不可仿效當地民族的可憎行徑。 10 你們當中不可有人焚燒自己的子女作祭物，不可有人占卜、算命、作法、行邪術、 11 念咒、做靈媒、行巫術或求問亡靈。 12 凡做這些事的人都是耶和華所憎惡的。正是因為當地的民族做這些可憎之事，你們的上帝耶和華才要當著你們的面把他們趕走。 13 你們要在你們的上帝耶和華面前純全無過。

耶和華使一位先知興起

14 「你們將要趕走的那些民族聽信術士和巫師，但你們的上帝耶和華不准你們仿效他們。 15 你們的上帝耶和華要在你們中間選立一位像我一樣的先知，你們要聽從他。 16 這正是你們在何烈山聚會時向你們的上帝耶和華所求的，當時你們說，『不要讓我們再聽見我們上帝耶和華的聲音，也不要讓我們再看見這烈火，免得我們死亡。』 17 於是，耶和華對我說，『他們說的對。 18 我要在他們當中選立一位像你一樣的先知，我會告訴他該說的話，他要把我的一切吩咐告訴他們。 19 如果有人不聽從他奉我的名所說的話，我必親自懲罰那人。 20 若有先知冒我的名說我未曾吩咐他的話，或以其他神明的名義說話，必須處死他。』 21 你們也許心裡會問，『我們如何知道是否是耶和華說的話呢？』 22 如果先知奉耶和華的名說的話沒有應驗，他的話就不是耶和華說的。他是妄自說預言，你們不用怕他。

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Deuteronomy 18
King James Version

18 The priests the Levites, and all the tribe of Levi, shall have no part nor inheritance with Israel: they shall eat the offerings of the Lord made by fire, and his inheritance.

2 Therefore shall they have no inheritance among their brethren: the Lord is their inheritance, as he hath said unto them.

3 And this shall be the priest's due from the people, from them that offer a sacrifice, whether it be ox or sheep; and they shall give unto the priest the shoulder, and the two cheeks, and the maw.

4 The firstfruit also of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep, shalt thou give him.

5 For the Lord thy God hath chosen him out of all thy tribes, to stand to minister in the name of the Lord, him and his sons for ever.

6 And if a Levite come from any of thy gates out of all Israel, where he sojourned, and come with all the desire of his mind unto the place which the Lord shall choose;

7 Then he shall minister in the name of the Lord his God, as all his brethren the Levites do, which stand there before the Lord.

8 They shall have like portions to eat, beside that which cometh of the sale of his patrimony.

9 When thou art come into the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations.

10 There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch.

11 Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer.

12 For all that do these things are an abomination unto the Lord: and because of these abominations the Lord thy God doth drive them out from before thee.

13 Thou shalt be perfect with the Lord thy God.

14 For these nations, which thou shalt possess, hearkened unto observers of times, and unto diviners: but as for thee, the Lord thy God hath not suffered thee so to do.

15 The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken;

16 According to all that thou desiredst of the Lord thy God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the Lord my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, that I die not.

17 And the Lord said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken.

18 I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.

19 And it shall come to pass, that whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will require it of him.

20 But the prophet, which shall presume to speak a word in my name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or that shall speak in the name of other gods, even that prophet shall die.

21 And if thou say in thine heart, How shall we know the word which the Lord hath not spoken?

22 When a prophet speaketh in the name of the Lord, if the thing follow not, nor come to pass, that is the thing which the Lord hath not spoken, but the prophet hath spoken it presumptuously: thou shalt not be afraid of him.

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Deuteronomy 18
New English Translation

Provision for Priests and Levites

18 The Levitical priests[a]—indeed, the entire tribe of Levi—will have no allotment or inheritance with Israel; they may eat the burnt offerings of the Lord and of his inheritance.[b] 2 They[c] will have no inheritance in the midst of their fellow Israelites;[d] the Lord alone is their inheritance, just as he had told them. 3 This shall be the priests’ fair allotment[e] from the people who offer sacrifices, whether bull or sheep—they must give to the priest the shoulder, the jowls, and the stomach. 4 You must give them the best of your[f] grain, new wine, and olive oil, as well as the best of your wool when you shear your flocks. 5 For the Lord your God has chosen them and their sons from all your tribes to stand[g] and serve in his name[h] permanently. 6 Suppose a Levite comes by his own free will[i] from one of your villages, from any part of Israel where he is living,[j] to the place the Lord chooses 7 and serves in the name of the Lord his God like his fellow Levites who stand there before the Lord. 8 He must eat the same share they do, despite any profits he may gain from the sale of his family’s inheritance.[k]

Prohibited Occult Practices

9 When you enter the land the Lord your God is giving you, you must not learn the abhorrent practices of those nations. 10 There must never be found among you anyone who sacrifices his son or daughter in the fire,[l] anyone who practices divination,[m] an omen reader,[n] a soothsayer,[o] a sorcerer,[p] 11 one who casts spells,[q] one who conjures up spirits,[r] a practitioner of the occult,[s] or a necromancer.[t] 12 Whoever does these things is abhorrent to the Lord, and because of these detestable things[u] the Lord your God is about to drive them out[v] from before you. 13 You must be blameless before the Lord your God. 14 Those nations that you are about to dispossess listen to omen readers and diviners, but the Lord your God has not given you permission to do such things.

15 The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you—from your fellow Israelites;[w] you must listen to him. 16 This accords with what happened at Horeb in the day of the assembly. You asked the Lord your God: “Please do not make us hear the voice of the Lord our[x] God anymore or see this great fire anymore lest we die.” 17 The Lord then said to me, “What they have said is good. 18 I will raise up a prophet like you for them from among their fellow Israelites. I will put my words in his mouth and he will speak to them whatever I command. 19 I will personally hold responsible[y] anyone who then pays no attention to the words that prophet[z] speaks in my name.

20 “But if any prophet presumes to speak anything in my name that I have not authorized[aa] him to speak, or speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet must die. 21 Now if you say to yourselves,[ab] ‘How can we tell that a message is not from the Lord?’[ac]— 22 whenever a prophet speaks in my[ad] name and the prediction[ae] is not fulfilled,[af] then I have[ag] not spoken it;[ah] the prophet has presumed to speak it, so you need not fear him.”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 18:1 tn The MT places the terms “priests” and “Levites” in apposition, thus creating an epexegetical construction in which the second term qualifies the first, i.e., “Levitical priests.” This is a way of asserting their legitimacy as true priests. The Syriac renders “to the priest and to the Levite,” making a distinction between the two, but one that is out of place here.
  2. Deuteronomy 18:1 sn Of his inheritance. This is a figurative way of speaking of the produce of the land the Lord will give to his people. It is the Lord’s inheritance, but the Levites are allowed to eat it since they themselves have no inheritance among the other tribes of Israel.
  3. Deuteronomy 18:2 tn Heb “he” (and throughout the verse).
  4. Deuteronomy 18:2 tn Heb “brothers,” but not referring to actual siblings. Cf. NASB “their countrymen”; NRSV “the other members of the community.”
  5. Deuteronomy 18:3 tn Heb “judgment”; KJV, NASB, NRSV “the priest’s due.”
  6. Deuteronomy 18:4 tn Heb “the firstfruits of your…” (so NIV).
  7. Deuteronomy 18:5 tc Smr and some Greek texts add “before the Lord your God” to bring the language into line with a formula found elsewhere (Deut 10:8; 2 Chr 29:11). This reading is not likely to be original, however.
  8. Deuteronomy 18:5 tn Heb “the name of the Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  9. Deuteronomy 18:6 tn Heb “according to all the desire of his soul.”
  10. Deuteronomy 18:6 tn Or “sojourning.” The verb used here refers to living temporarily in a place, not settling down.
  11. Deuteronomy 18:8 tn Presumably this would not refer to a land inheritance, since that was forbidden to the descendants of Levi (v. 1). More likely it referred to some family possessions (cf. NIV, NCV, NRSV, CEV) or other private property (cf. NLT “a private source of income”), or even support sent by relatives (cf. TEV “whatever his family sends him”).
  12. Deuteronomy 18:10 tn Heb “who passes his son or his daughter through the fire.” The expression “pass…through the fire” is probably a euphemism for human sacrifice (cf. NAB, NIV, TEV, NLT). See also Deut 12:31.
  13. Deuteronomy 18:10 tn Heb “a diviner of divination” (קֹסֵם קְסָמִים, qosem qesamim). This was a means employed to determine the future or the outcome of events by observation of various omens and signs (cf. Num 22:7; 23:23; Josh 13:22; 1 Sam 6:2; 15:23; 28:8; etc.). See M. Horsnell, NIDOTTE 3:945-51.
  14. Deuteronomy 18:10 tn Heb “one who causes to appear” (מְעוֹנֵן, meʿonen). Such a practitioner was thought to be able to conjure up spirits or apparitions (cf. Lev 19:26; Judg 9:37; 2 Kgs 21:6; Isa 2:6; 57:3; Jer 27:9; Mic 5:11).
  15. Deuteronomy 18:10 tn Heb “a seeker of omens” (מְנַחֵשׁ, menakhesh). This is a subset of divination, one illustrated by the use of a “divining cup” in the story of Joseph (Gen 44:5).
  16. Deuteronomy 18:10 tn Heb “a doer of sorcery” (מְכַשֵּׁף, mekhashef). This has to do with magic or the casting of spells in order to manipulate the gods or the powers of nature (cf. Lev 19:26-31; 2 Kgs 17:15b-17; 21:1-7; Isa 57:3, 5; etc.). See M. Horsnell, NIDOTTE 2:735-38.
  17. Deuteronomy 18:11 tn Heb “a binder of binding” (חֹבֵר חָבֶר, khover khaver). The connotation is that of immobilizing (“binding”) someone or something by the use of magical words (cf. Ps 58:6; Isa 47:9, 12).
  18. Deuteronomy 18:11 tn Heb “asker of a [dead] spirit” (שֹׁאֵל אוֹב, shoʾel ʾov). This is a form of necromancy (cf. Lev 19:31; 20:6; 1 Sam 28:8, 9; Isa 8:19; 19:3; 29:4).
  19. Deuteronomy 18:11 tn Heb “a knowing [or “familiar”] [spirit]” (יִדְּעֹנִי, yiddeʿoniy), i.e., one who is expert in mantic arts (cf. Lev 19:31; 20:6, 27; 1 Sam 28:3, 9; 2 Kgs 21:6; Isa 8:19; 19:3).
  20. Deuteronomy 18:11 tn Heb “a seeker of the dead.” This is much the same as “one who conjures up spirits” (cf. 1 Sam 28:6-7).
  21. Deuteronomy 18:12 tn Heb “these abhorrent things.” The repetition is emphatic. For stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy, the same term used earlier in the verse has been translated “detestable” here.
  22. Deuteronomy 18:12 tn The translation understands the Hebrew participial form as having an imminent future sense here.
  23. Deuteronomy 18:15 tc The MT expands here on the usual formula by adding “from among you” (cf. Deut 17:15; 18:18; Smr; a number of Greek texts). The expansion seems to be for the purpose of emphasis, i.e., the prophet to come must be not just from Israel but an Israelite by blood.tn “from your brothers,” but not referring to actual siblings. Cf. NAB “from among your own kinsmen”; NASB “from your countrymen”; NRSV “from among your own people.” A similar phrase occurs in v. 17.
  24. Deuteronomy 18:16 tn The Hebrew text uses the collective singular in this verse: “my God…lest I die.”
  25. Deuteronomy 18:19 tn Heb “will seek from him”; NAB “I myself will make him answer for it”; NRSV “will hold accountable.”
  26. Deuteronomy 18:19 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the prophet mentioned in v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  27. Deuteronomy 18:20 tn Or “commanded” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).
  28. Deuteronomy 18:21 tn Heb “in your heart.”
  29. Deuteronomy 18:21 tn Heb “know the word which the Lord has not spoken.” The issue here is not understanding the meaning of the message, but distinguishing a genuine prophetic word from a false one.
  30. Deuteronomy 18:22 tn Heb “the Lord’s.” See note on the word “his” in v. 5.
  31. Deuteronomy 18:22 tn Heb “the word,” but a predictive word is in view here. Cf. NAB “his oracle.”
  32. Deuteronomy 18:22 tn Heb “does not happen or come to pass.”
  33. Deuteronomy 18:22 tn Heb “the Lord has.” See note on the word “his” in v. 5.
  34. Deuteronomy 18:22 tn Heb “that is the word which the Lord has not spoken.”
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