猶大王約哈斯

36 猶大人在耶路撒冷立約西亞的兒子約哈斯接替他父親做王。 約哈斯二十三歲登基,在耶路撒冷執政三個月。 埃及王在耶路撒冷廢掉他,並要求猶大向埃及進貢三點四噸銀子、三十四公斤金子。 埃及王另立約哈斯的兄弟以利雅敬為王統治猶大和耶路撒冷,給他改名為約雅敬,並把約哈斯帶到埃及。

猶大王約雅敬

約雅敬二十五歲登基,在耶路撒冷執政十一年。他做他的上帝耶和華視為惡的事。 巴比倫王尼布甲尼撒起兵攻打他,用銅鏈把他鎖著帶到巴比倫。 尼布甲尼撒把耶和華殿裡的一些器皿帶到巴比倫,放在他在巴比倫的王宮裡[a] 約雅敬其他的事及可憎行徑和惡跡都記在以色列和猶大的列王史上。他兒子約雅斤繼位。

猶大王約雅斤

約雅斤十八歲[b]登基,在耶路撒冷執政三個月零十天。他做耶和華視為惡的事。 10 那年春天,尼布甲尼撒王派人把他和耶和華殿裡的貴重器皿一同帶到巴比倫。尼布甲尼撒另立約雅斤的叔叔[c]西底迦做猶大和耶路撒冷的王。

猶大王西底迦

11 西底迦二十一歲登基,在耶路撒冷執政十一年。 12 他做他的上帝耶和華視為惡的事,耶利米先知向他傳講耶和華的話,他仍不肯在耶利米面前謙卑下來。

耶路撒冷淪陷

13 尼布甲尼撒曾讓他奉上帝的名起誓,他卻背叛了尼布甲尼撒。他頑固不化,不肯歸向以色列的上帝耶和華。 14 所有祭司長和民眾也都仿效外族人的一切可憎行徑,犯了大罪,玷污了耶和華在耶路撒冷使之聖潔的殿。 15 他們祖先的上帝耶和華因為憐愛祂的子民和祂的居所,就不斷派使者來勸告他們。 16 他們卻嘲弄耶和華上帝的使者,藐視祂的話,嘲笑祂的先知,以致祂的憤怒臨到祂的子民身上,無可挽救。

17 耶和華使迦勒底人的王起兵攻打他們,在他們的聖殿裡用刀擊殺他們的壯丁,毫不憐憫少男少女、老人和年高者。耶和華把他們全部交在他的手中。 18 上帝殿裡的大小器皿,以及耶和華殿裡、王宮裡和眾官員的所有珍寶,都被他帶到巴比倫去了。 19 迦勒底人焚燒上帝的殿,拆毀耶路撒冷的城牆,並且焚燒所有的宮殿,毀壞其中所有珍貴的器皿。 20 沒有被殺戮的人都被擄往巴比倫,做他和他子孫的奴隸,直到波斯帝國的時代。 21 這就應驗了耶和華藉耶利米之口所說的話:這片土地享受了安息,它在荒涼中守安息,直到滿了七十年。

塞魯士王准許被擄之民返國

22 波斯王塞魯士元年,耶和華為了應驗祂藉耶利米所說的話,就感動波斯王塞魯士,使他下詔通告全國: 23 「波斯王塞魯士如此說,『天上的上帝耶和華已把天下萬國都賜給我,祂吩咐我在猶大的耶路撒冷為祂建造殿宇。你們當中凡屬耶和華的子民,都可以去那裡。願你們的上帝耶和華與你們同在!』」

Footnotes

  1. 36·7 王宮裡」或譯「神廟裡」。
  2. 36·9 十八歲」希伯來文是「八歲」,七十士譯本、敘利亞譯本和列王紀下24·8是「十八歲」。
  3. 36·10 叔叔」參考列王紀下24·17

The grand tradition of Israel has such a disappointing ending. Certainly God reveals to Josiah that exile is inevitable, but no one can predict the barrage of incompetent kings who usher in that foreign exile.

36 The Israelites chose Josiah’s son Joahaz, also named Jehoahaz,[a] as his father’s successor in Jerusalem. He was 23 years old when he ascended to the throne, but his reign in Jerusalem only lasted 3 months. 3-5 Neco conquered Israel, deposed Joahaz as the king, exiled him to Egypt, and made Israel a vassal state required to pay 3,750 pounds of silver and 75 pounds of gold annually to Egypt.

The Egyptian king appointed 25-year-old Eliakim, Joahaz’s brother, as acting king of Judah and Jerusalem, changing his name to Jehoiakim. He reigned 11 years in Jerusalem, and he was evil before the Eternal God. Then Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, attacked Israel, carried Jehoiakim bound in bronze chains into exile in Babylon, plundered the Eternal’s temple, and put the temple possessions in his own Babylonian temple. 8-9 The rest of Jehoiakim’s rebellions are recorded in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah.

Jehoiachin was only 8 years old when he succeeded his father as king in Jerusalem. He, too, did what the Eternal considered as evil and reigned only 3 months and 10 days. 10 Just after the new year, King Nebuchadnezzar had Jehoiachin exiled to Babylon as well. He also took more valuables from the Eternal’s temple.

Nebuchadnezzar then appointed Zedekiah the Babylonian as acting king of Judah and Jerusalem 11 when he was only 21 years old. He reigned 11 years from Jerusalem 12 and he also did what the Eternal One saw as evil. He refused to listen to the guidance of Jeremiah, who advised the king to humble himself before the Eternal. 13 Furthermore, he rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, to whom he had sworn allegiance in the name of God, 14 then led the rest of the nation to abandon the Eternal One, God of Israel. All the leaders and priests mimicked the other nations, following pagan gods and desecrating the Eternal’s house, which He had sanctified in Jerusalem. 15 Again and again, the Eternal God of their ancestors, because of His compassion for His people and His temple, sent messengers to His people, convicting them of the wrong doings and telling them to return to His ways, 16 but the people mocked the True God’s messengers, hated His messages, and laughed at His prophets. Their actions further infuriated the Eternal, until there was no way to contain His anger.

17 The Eternal empowered the king of the Chaldeans (who were part of the Babylonian Empire) to attack Israel. This army was merciless, sacrificing Israel’s children in their temples and slaughtering everyone else without regard to gender, age, or health. 18-19 They plundered every treasure in the Eternal God’s temple and burned God’s temple to the ground. They stole the king’s and the officers’ possessions, tore down the wall of Jerusalem, burned the fortified buildings, and destroyed anything of value in Jerusalem. 20 Anyone who managed to survive the invasion was exiled to Babylon, where they remained servants of the Babylonian court until it was conquered by the Persian Empire. 21 This exile fulfilled the Eternal’s message through Jeremiah that Israel would lie quietly at rest and be desolate for 70 years to make up for the generations where they did not observe Sabbath.

In spite of the generations of sin and hatred, God does not exile His people permanently. He leaves them with the hope of return to their homeland when He gives Jeremiah that prophecy. And their return is not too far away. In less than two generations, the Jews (as the Israelites become known during the exile) return to the land and rebuild His temple.

22 As soon as Cyrus, the king of Persia, took over the former Babylonian Empire, the Eternal fulfilled His own words (which were relayed by Jeremiah) by compelling Cyrus to send a written proclamation throughout his empire.

Cyrus’ Proclamation: 23 The Eternal, the God of heaven, has decided to give me all the kingdoms of the world to rule as my own. In return for this, He has told me to build Him a new house in Jerusalem of Judah. Any of His people living in my empire may return to Jerusalem of Judah with the help of the Eternal One and True God.

Footnotes

  1. 36:1 2 Kings 23:31

Últimos reyes de Judá

36 (A)Entonces el pueblo de la tierra tomó a Joacaz, hijo de Josías, y lo proclamó rey en Jerusalén en lugar de su padre(B). Joacaz tenía veintitrés años cuando comenzó a reinar, y reinó tres meses en Jerusalén. Pero el rey de Egipto lo destituyó en Jerusalén, e impuso a la tierra una multa de 3.4 toneladas de plata y 34 kilos de oro. Y el rey de Egipto puso por rey sobre Judá y Jerusalén, a Eliaquim, hermano de Joacaz[a], y cambió su nombre por el de Joacim; pero a su hermano Joacaz, lo tomó Necao y lo llevó a Egipto(C).

Joacim tenía veinticinco años cuando comenzó a reinar, y reinó once años en Jerusalén. Pero hizo lo malo ante los ojos del Señor su Dios(D). Subió contra él Nabucodonosor, rey de Babilonia(E), y lo ató con cadenas de bronce para llevarlo a Babilonia(F). Nabucodonosor también llevó algunos de los objetos de la casa del Señor a Babilonia(G), y los puso en su templo en Babilonia. Los demás hechos de Joacim(H), las[b] abominaciones que hizo y lo que fue hallado contra él, están escritos en el libro de los reyes de Israel y de Judá. Su hijo Joaquín reinó en su lugar.

(I)Joaquín tenía ocho[c] años cuando comenzó a reinar, y reinó tres meses y diez días en Jerusalén, e hizo lo malo ante los ojos del Señor. 10 A la vuelta del año, el rey Nabucodonosor mandó que lo trajeran a Babilonia(J) con los objetos preciosos de la casa del Señor, y nombró a su pariente[d] Sedequías rey sobre Judá(K) y Jerusalén.

11 (L)Sedequías tenía veintiún años cuando comenzó a reinar, y reinó once años en Jerusalén. 12 Pero hizo lo malo ante los ojos del Señor su Dios; y no se humilló(M) delante del profeta Jeremías que le hablaba por boca del Señor(N). 13 También se rebeló contra el rey Nabucodonosor que le había hecho jurar fidelidad por Dios(O). Pero Sedequías fue terco[e](P) y obstinó su corazón en vez de volverse al Señor, Dios de Israel. 14 Asimismo todos los jefes de los sacerdotes y el pueblo fueron infieles en gran manera, y siguieron todas las abominaciones de las naciones, y profanaron la casa del Señor que Él había consagrado en Jerusalén.

15 El Señor, Dios de sus padres, les envió palabra repetidas veces por Sus mensajeros(Q), porque Él tenía compasión de Su pueblo y de Su morada. 16 Pero ellos continuamente se burlaban de los mensajeros de Dios(R), despreciaban Sus palabras y se burlaban(S) de Sus profetas, hasta que subió el furor del Señor contra Su pueblo(T), y ya no hubo remedio.

17 (U)Entonces Dios hizo subir contra ellos al rey de los caldeos, que mató a espada a sus jóvenes en la casa de su santuario, y no tuvo compasión del joven ni de la virgen, del viejo ni del débil; a todos ellos los entregó en su mano. 18 Todos los objetos de la casa de Dios, grandes y pequeños, los tesoros de la casa del Señor y los tesoros del rey y de sus oficiales, todo se lo llevó a Babilonia(V). 19 Y quemaron la casa de Dios, derribaron la muralla de Jerusalén, prendieron fuego a todos sus palacios[f] y destruyeron todos sus objetos valiosos(W). 20 A los que habían escapado de la espada los llevó a Babilonia(X); y fueron siervos de él y de sus hijos(Y) hasta el dominio del reino de Persia, 21 para que se cumpliera la palabra del Señor por boca de Jeremías(Z), hasta que la tierra hubiera gozado de sus días de reposo(AA). Todos los días de su desolación la tierra reposó hasta que se cumplieron[g] los setenta años.

22 (AB)Y en el primer año de Ciro, rey de Persia, para que se cumpliera la palabra del Señor por boca de Jeremías(AC), el Señor movió el espíritu de Ciro(AD), rey de Persia, y este envió a proclamar de palabra[h] y también por escrito, por todo su reino: 23 «Así dice Ciro, rey de Persia: “El Señor, el Dios de los cielos, me ha dado todos los reinos de la tierra, y me ha designado para que yo le edifique una casa en Jerusalén, que está en Judá. Quien de entre ustedes sea de[i] Su pueblo, suba allá, y el Señor su Dios sea con él”».

Footnotes

  1. 36:4 Lit. su hermano.
  2. 36:8 Lit. sus.
  3. 36:9 En 2Rey. 24:8 y algunas versiones antiguas, dieciocho.
  4. 36:10 Lit. hermano.
  5. 36:13 Lit. endureció su cerviz.
  6. 36:19 O fortalezas.
  7. 36:21 Lit. para que se cumplieran.
  8. 36:22 Lit. a voz.
  9. 36:23 Lit. de todo.

36 And the people(A) of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father.

Jehoahaz King of Judah(B)

Jehoahaz[a] was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. The king of Egypt dethroned him in Jerusalem and imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents[b] of silver and a talent[c] of gold. The king of Egypt made Eliakim, a brother of Jehoahaz, king over Judah and Jerusalem and changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Necho(C) took Eliakim’s brother Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt.(D)

Jehoiakim King of Judah(E)

Jehoiakim(F) was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord his God. Nebuchadnezzar(G) king of Babylon attacked him and bound him with bronze shackles to take him to Babylon.(H) Nebuchadnezzar also took to Babylon articles from the temple of the Lord and put them in his temple[d] there.(I)

The other events of Jehoiakim’s reign, the detestable things he did and all that was found against him, are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah. And Jehoiachin his son succeeded him as king.

Jehoiachin King of Judah(J)

Jehoiachin(K) was eighteen[e] years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months and ten days. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord. 10 In the spring, King Nebuchadnezzar sent for him and brought him to Babylon,(L) together with articles of value from the temple of the Lord, and he made Jehoiachin’s uncle,[f] Zedekiah, king over Judah and Jerusalem.

Zedekiah King of Judah(M)

11 Zedekiah(N) was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. 12 He did evil in the eyes of the Lord(O) his God and did not humble(P) himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke the word of the Lord. 13 He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him take an oath(Q) in God’s name. He became stiff-necked(R) and hardened his heart and would not turn to the Lord, the God of Israel. 14 Furthermore, all the leaders of the priests and the people became more and more unfaithful,(S) following all the detestable practices of the nations and defiling the temple of the Lord, which he had consecrated in Jerusalem.

The Fall of Jerusalem(T)(U)

15 The Lord, the God of their ancestors, sent word to them through his messengers(V) again and again,(W) because he had pity on his people and on his dwelling place. 16 But they mocked God’s messengers, despised his words and scoffed(X) at his prophets until the wrath(Y) of the Lord was aroused against his people and there was no remedy.(Z) 17 He brought up against them the king of the Babylonians,[g](AA) who killed their young men with the sword in the sanctuary, and did not spare young men(AB) or young women, the elderly or the infirm.(AC) God gave them all into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar.(AD) 18 He carried to Babylon all the articles(AE) from the temple of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the Lord’s temple and the treasures of the king and his officials. 19 They set fire(AF) to God’s temple(AG) and broke down the wall(AH) of Jerusalem; they burned all the palaces and destroyed(AI) everything of value there.(AJ)

20 He carried into exile(AK) to Babylon the remnant, who escaped from the sword, and they became servants(AL) to him and his successors until the kingdom of Persia came to power. 21 The land enjoyed its sabbath rests;(AM) all the time of its desolation it rested,(AN) until the seventy years(AO) were completed in fulfillment of the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah.

22 In the first year of Cyrus(AP) king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah, the Lord moved the heart of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his realm and also to put it in writing:

23 “This is what Cyrus king of Persia says:

“‘The Lord, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and he has appointed(AQ) me to build a temple for him at Jerusalem in Judah. Any of his people among you may go up, and may the Lord their God be with them.’”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 36:2 Hebrew Joahaz, a variant of Jehoahaz; also in verse 4
  2. 2 Chronicles 36:3 That is, about 3 3/4 tons or about 3.4 metric tons
  3. 2 Chronicles 36:3 That is, about 75 pounds or about 34 kilograms
  4. 2 Chronicles 36:7 Or palace
  5. 2 Chronicles 36:9 One Hebrew manuscript, some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 2 Kings 24:8); most Hebrew manuscripts eight
  6. 2 Chronicles 36:10 Hebrew brother, that is, relative (see 2 Kings 24:17)
  7. 2 Chronicles 36:17 Or Chaldeans