押沙龙之死

18 大卫召集军队,设立了千夫长和百夫长率领他们。 他兵分三队,一队由约押率领,一队由洗鲁雅的儿子、约押的兄弟亚比筛率领,一队由迦特人以太率领。大卫对部下说:“我必与你们一同出战”。 他们却说:“请我王不要出战。因为如果我们败逃,敌方不会放在心上;即使我们一半人阵亡,敌方也不会放在心上。你一人比我们一万人更宝贵。你还是留在城中支援我们吧。” 王说:“你们认为怎样好,我就怎样做。”于是,大卫王站在城门旁边,军兵百人一队、千人一队地按次序出城了。 大卫王吩咐约押、亚比筛和以太说:“你们要看在我的份上对年轻的押沙龙手下留情。”全体的军兵都听见了大卫吩咐众将领的话。

大卫的军队在以法莲的树林里跟以色列人交战。 以色列人被大卫的部下打败,伤亡惨重,有两万人阵亡。 战事蔓延到整个郊野,那天死在树林里的人比死在刀下的人还多。 押沙龙碰巧遇见大卫的部下。他骑着骡子逃走,骡子从一棵大橡树的茂密枝条下经过,押沙龙的头发被树枝缠住,整个人吊在半空中,胯下的骡子也跑了。 10 大卫的一个部下看见,就向约押禀告说:“我看见押沙龙正吊在橡树上。” 11 约押对那报信的说:“什么!你看见他吊在树上,为什么不把他杀掉呢?要是你把他杀了,我会赏你十块银子和一条腰带。” 12 他却答道:“就是你赏我一千块银子,我也不敢加害王的儿子啊!我们曾听见王吩咐你、亚比筛和以太不可伤害年轻的押沙龙。 13 如果我胆敢杀死押沙龙,王迟早会查出真相,到时你就撒手不管了。” 14 约押说:“我不跟你浪费时间。”趁着押沙龙还吊在橡树上,他拿起三杆矛枪剌入了他的心脏。 15 十个为约押拿兵器的年轻人围上去将押沙龙杀死。 16 随后,约押吹起收兵的号角,部下便停止追赶以色列人。 17 他们把押沙龙的尸体丢在林中的一个坑里,在上面堆了一大堆石头。以色列人都各自逃回家去了。 18 押沙龙生前没有儿子为他留名,所以他曾在王谷立了一根石柱,以自己的名字命名,称为“押沙龙柱”,沿用至今。

19 撒督的儿子亚希玛斯对约押说:“请让我跑回去向王禀告,让王知道耶和华已从仇敌手中救了他。” 20 但约押对他说:“你今天不要去报信,改天再报吧。你不要今天去,因为王的儿子死了。” 21 约押吩咐一个古示人:“你去把所看见的禀报给王。”那人就拜别了约押,马上跑回去报信。 22 撒督的儿子亚希玛斯再次对约押说:“求你让我与古示人一同去吧!”约押说:“我的孩子,你何必要去呢?你报这个消息是不会得到赏赐的。” 23 他说:“无论怎样,我想跑去报信。”约押答应了。亚希玛斯沿平原的路跑,跑到了古示人的前面。

24 那时,大卫王正坐在内城门和外城门中间。有一个守卫爬上城门楼顶观望,看见一个人独自跑来。 25 守卫就大声向大卫禀告。王说:“如果他是单独一个人,他带来的一定是好消息。”那人越来越近了。 26 这时候,守卫又看见另一个人跑来,就大声对守城门的说:“又有一个人独自跑来了!”王说:“他也一定是传好消息的。” 27 守卫又说:“从跑的姿势看,那跑在前面的人好像撒督的儿子亚希玛斯。”王说:“他是个好人,他一定带来了好消息。”

28 亚希玛斯高声对王说:“一切都好!”他在王面前俯伏叩拜,说:“你的上帝耶和华当受称颂,祂已经消灭了那些攻击我主我王的敌人。” 29 王问道:“年轻的押沙龙平安吗?”亚希玛斯答道:“约押派仆人来的时候,仆人看见一阵大骚动,但不知道是什么事。” 30 王说:“你先退到一边去。”亚希玛斯就退下,站在一边。

31 这时,古示人也到了,他说:“我有好消息向我主我王禀告,今日耶和华已经从一切反叛之人手中救了我主我王。” 32 王问古示人:“年轻的押沙龙平安吗?”古示人答道:“愿我主我王的仇敌和一切要加害我王的人,下场都与那青年一样。” 33 王听了十分难过,就走上城门楼去痛哭,边走边说:“我儿押沙龙啊!我儿,我儿押沙龙啊!我恨不得可以替你死!押沙龙,我儿啊!我儿!”

La bataille décisive

18 David passa en revue les troupes qui étaient avec lui et il nomma des officiers, chefs de « milliers » et de « centaines ». Ensuite, il partagea l’armée en trois corps qu’il confia à Joab, à Abishaï, fils de Tserouya, frère de Joab, et à Ittaï, de Gath[a]. Puis il annonça à la troupe qu’il les accompagnerait lui-même au combat. Mais les soldats s’écrièrent : Non, tu ne dois pas venir avec nous ! Car si nous étions mis en fuite, on ne ferait pas attention à nous, et si même la moitié d’entre nous succombait, on n’y attacherait pas d’importance, mais toi, tu comptes autant que dix mille d’entre nous ; d’autre part, il est préférable que tu puisses à tout moment venir à notre aide depuis la ville.

Le roi leur dit : Je ferai ce que vous jugerez bon.

Il se plaça donc près de la porte de la ville et toute l’armée sortit par « centaines » et par « milliers[b] ». Le roi donna cet ordre à Joab, à Abishaï et à Ittaï : Par égard pour moi, ménagez le jeune Absalom !

Toute la troupe l’entendit donner cet ordre à tous les chefs de l’armée au sujet d’Absalom. L’armée sortit dans la campagne pour aller combattre Israël. La bataille s’engagea dans la forêt d’Ephraïm[c]. L’armée d’Israël fut battue là par les hommes de David, elle subit une lourde perte de vingt mille hommes. Les combattants s’éparpillèrent sur toute la région et, ce jour-là, ceux qui trouvèrent la mort dans la forêt furent plus nombreux que ceux qui furent tués par l’épée.

La fin d’Absalom

Absalom se trouva soudain face à face avec des hommes de David ; il s’enfuit sur son mulet qui s’engagea sous les branches enchevêtrées d’un grand chêne. Sa chevelure s’accrocha aux branches de l’arbre et il demeura suspendu entre ciel et terre tandis que son mulet s’échappait sous lui. 10 Un soldat le vit et le rapporta à Joab. Il dit : Je viens de voir Absalom suspendu à un chêne.

11 Joab lui dit : Comment ? Tu l’as vu ! Alors pourquoi ne l’as-tu pas abattu sur-le-champ ? Je t’aurais bien donné une centaine de grammes d’argent[d] et une ceinture d’apparat.

12 Mais le soldat lui répondit : Non, même si tu me pesais et me mettais en main mille pièces d’argent, je ne porterais pas la main sur le fils du roi, car nous avons entendu l’ordre que le roi t’a donné, à toi comme à Abishaï et à Ittaï, lorsqu’il a dit : « Par égard pour moi, épargnez le jeune Absalom. » 13 D’ailleurs, si j’avais agi traîtreusement au péril de ma vie, le roi aurait fini par le découvrir – car rien ne lui demeure caché – et toi-même tu te serais bien gardé d’intervenir en ma faveur.

14 Joab s’écria : Je n’ai pas de temps à perdre à rester là avec toi.

Il empoigna trois épieux et les planta dans la poitrine d’Absalom retenu vivant au milieu du chêne. 15 Puis les dix soldats qui portaient les armes de Joab entourèrent aussitôt Absalom et lui portèrent leurs coups pour l’achever.

16 Alors Joab fit sonner du cor pour arrêter le combat. Son armée cessa de poursuivre celle d’Israël et prit le chemin du retour, car Joab voulait épargner le peuple. 17 On saisit le corps d’Absalom et on le jeta dans une fosse profonde en pleine forêt, puis on accumula sur lui un énorme tas de pierres. Pendant ce temps, les hommes d’Israël s’enfuirent, chacun chez soi.

18 De son vivant, Absalom s’était fait ériger la stèle qui est dans la vallée royale[e], car il disait : Je n’ai pas de fils pour perpétuer mon nom.

Il avait donné son propre nom à la stèle qui s’appelle encore aujourd’hui le Monument d’Absalom.

David apprend la mort d’Absalom

19 Ahimaats, fils de Tsadoq, dit à Joab : Permets-moi de courir annoncer au roi la nouvelle que l’Eternel lui a rendu justice en le délivrant de ses ennemis.

20 Joab lui répondit : Si tu y vas, tu ne seras pas porteur d’une bonne nouvelle aujourd’hui. Tu pourras être une autre fois porteur de bonnes nouvelles. Mais aujourd’hui, ce ne sera pas une bonne nouvelle puisque le fils du roi est mort.

21 Joab dit à un Ethiopien : Va raconter au roi ce que tu as vu.

L’homme s’inclina devant Joab et partit en courant.

22 Ahimaats, fils de Tsadoq, revint à la charge et insista auprès de Joab : Advienne que pourra ! Laisse-moi courir derrière cet Ethiopien.

Mais Joab lui dit : Pourquoi veux-tu courir, mon ami ? Pareille nouvelle ne te vaudra aucune récompense !

23 – Advienne que pourra, répéta-t-il, je voudrais y courir.

– Eh bien, cours donc, lui dit Joab.

Ahimaats s’élança sur le chemin de la plaine du Jourdain et dépassa l’Ethiopien.

24 David était assis entre la porte extérieure et la porte intérieure de la ville. La sentinelle se rendit sur le rempart, au-dessus de la porte, et scruta l’horizon. Soudain, elle aperçut au loin un homme qui courait seul. 25 La sentinelle cria la nouvelle pour en informer le roi. Celui-ci lui répondit : S’il est seul, il apporte une bonne nouvelle.

L’homme poursuivait sa course et s’approchait. 26 Alors la sentinelle aperçut un autre homme qui courait. Elle cria au gardien de la porte : Voilà un autre coureur isolé.

Le roi déclara : Lui aussi apporte une bonne nouvelle.

27 La sentinelle reprit : A la manière de courir du premier, je crois reconnaître Ahimaats, fils de Tsadoq.

Le roi dit : C’est un homme de bien, et il apporte certainement une bonne nouvelle.

28 Ahimaats s’approcha et s’écria en s’adressant au roi : Tout va bien !

Puis il se prosterna devant le roi, le visage contre terre, et dit : Béni soit l’Eternel ton Dieu, qui t’a donné la victoire sur ceux qui avaient osé s’attaquer au roi mon seigneur.

29 Le roi lui demanda : Est-ce que le jeune Absalom est sain et sauf ?

Ahimaats répondit : Au moment où Joab m’a envoyé vers toi en même temps qu’un autre serviteur, j’ai vu qu’on s’agitait beaucoup, mais je ne sais pas pourquoi.

30 Le roi lui dit : Mets-toi de côté et tiens-toi là.

Il s’écarta et attendit.

31 Alors l’Ethiopien arriva et dit : C’est une bonne nouvelle que je viens apprendre au roi mon seigneur, car l’Eternel t’a rendu justice aujourd’hui en te délivrant de tous ceux qui s’étaient révoltés contre toi.

32 Le roi lui demanda alors : Le jeune Absalom, est-il sain et sauf ?

L’Ethiopien répondit : Que tous les ennemis de mon seigneur le roi et tous ceux qui se révoltent contre toi pour te faire du mal subissent le même sort que ce jeune homme.

Footnotes

  1. 18.2 Joab et Abishaï sont deux neveux de David (voir 2.18). Pour Ittaï, voir 15.18-22.
  2. 18.4 Ces « centaines » et ces « milliers » étaient peut-être des corps d’armée comprenant respectivement quelques dizaines et quelques centaines d’hommes.
  3. 18.6 Cette forêt semble se situer, non sur le territoire d’Ephraïm, mais à l’est du Jourdain. Elle fut appelée ainsi soit parce que les Ephraïmites avaient manifesté des prétentions sur cette région, soit parce que certains d’entre eux s’étaient établis là.
  4. 18.11 Dix fois l’unité, le sicle, celui-ci étant de 11,4 g.
  5. 18.18 Située aux environs de Jérusalem (voir Gn 14.17).

18 David mustered the men who were with him and appointed over them commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds. David sent out his troops,(A) a third under the command of Joab, a third under Joab’s brother Abishai(B) son of Zeruiah, and a third under Ittai(C) the Gittite. The king told the troops, “I myself will surely march out with you.”

But the men said, “You must not go out; if we are forced to flee, they won’t care about us. Even if half of us die, they won’t care; but you are worth ten(D) thousand of us.[a] It would be better now for you to give us support from the city.”(E)

The king answered, “I will do whatever seems best to you.”

So the king stood beside the gate while all his men marched out in units of hundreds and of thousands. The king commanded Joab, Abishai and Ittai, “Be gentle with the young man Absalom for my sake.” And all the troops heard the king giving orders concerning Absalom to each of the commanders.

David’s army marched out of the city to fight Israel, and the battle took place in the forest(F) of Ephraim. There Israel’s troops were routed by David’s men, and the casualties that day were great—twenty thousand men. The battle spread out over the whole countryside, and the forest swallowed up more men that day than the sword.

Now Absalom happened to meet David’s men. He was riding his mule, and as the mule went under the thick branches of a large oak, Absalom’s hair(G) got caught in the tree. He was left hanging in midair, while the mule he was riding kept on going.

10 When one of the men saw what had happened, he told Joab, “I just saw Absalom hanging in an oak tree.”

11 Joab said to the man who had told him this, “What! You saw him? Why didn’t you strike(H) him to the ground right there? Then I would have had to give you ten shekels[b] of silver and a warrior’s belt.(I)

12 But the man replied, “Even if a thousand shekels[c] were weighed out into my hands, I would not lay a hand on the king’s son. In our hearing the king commanded you and Abishai and Ittai, ‘Protect the young man Absalom for my sake.[d] 13 And if I had put my life in jeopardy[e]—and nothing is hidden from the king(J)—you would have kept your distance from me.”

14 Joab(K) said, “I’m not going to wait like this for you.” So he took three javelins in his hand and plunged them into Absalom’s heart while Absalom was still alive in the oak tree. 15 And ten of Joab’s armor-bearers surrounded Absalom, struck him and killed him.(L)

16 Then Joab(M) sounded the trumpet, and the troops stopped pursuing Israel, for Joab halted them. 17 They took Absalom, threw him into a big pit in the forest and piled up(N) a large heap of rocks(O) over him. Meanwhile, all the Israelites fled to their homes.

18 During his lifetime Absalom had taken a pillar and erected it in the King’s Valley(P) as a monument(Q) to himself, for he thought, “I have no son(R) to carry on the memory of my name.” He named the pillar after himself, and it is called Absalom’s Monument to this day.

David Mourns

19 Now Ahimaaz(S) son of Zadok said, “Let me run and take the news to the king that the Lord has vindicated him by delivering him from the hand of his enemies.(T)

20 “You are not the one to take the news today,” Joab told him. “You may take the news another time, but you must not do so today, because the king’s son is dead.”

21 Then Joab said to a Cushite, “Go, tell the king what you have seen.” The Cushite bowed down before Joab and ran off.

22 Ahimaaz son of Zadok again said to Joab, “Come what may, please let me run behind the Cushite.”

But Joab replied, “My son, why do you want to go? You don’t have any news that will bring you a reward.”

23 He said, “Come what may, I want to run.”

So Joab said, “Run!” Then Ahimaaz ran by way of the plain[f] and outran the Cushite.

24 While David was sitting between the inner and outer gates, the watchman(U) went up to the roof of the gateway by the wall. As he looked out, he saw a man running alone. 25 The watchman called out to the king and reported it.

The king said, “If he is alone, he must have good news.” And the runner came closer and closer.

26 Then the watchman saw another runner, and he called down to the gatekeeper, “Look, another man running alone!”

The king said, “He must be bringing good news,(V) too.”

27 The watchman said, “It seems to me that the first one runs like(W) Ahimaaz son of Zadok.”

“He’s a good man,” the king said. “He comes with good news.”

28 Then Ahimaaz called out to the king, “All is well!” He bowed down before the king with his face to the ground and said, “Praise be to the Lord your God! He has delivered up those who lifted their hands against my lord the king.”

29 The king asked, “Is the young man Absalom safe?”

Ahimaaz answered, “I saw great confusion just as Joab was about to send the king’s servant and me, your servant, but I don’t know what it was.”

30 The king said, “Stand aside and wait here.” So he stepped aside and stood there.

31 Then the Cushite arrived and said, “My lord the king, hear the good news! The Lord has vindicated you today by delivering you from the hand of all who rose up against you.”

32 The king asked the Cushite, “Is the young man Absalom safe?”

The Cushite replied, “May the enemies of my lord the king and all who rise up to harm you be like that young man.”(X)

33 The king was shaken. He went up to the room over the gateway and wept. As he went, he said: “O my son Absalom! My son, my son Absalom! If only I had died(Y) instead of you—O Absalom, my son, my son!”[g](Z)

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 18:3 Two Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Vulgate; most Hebrew manuscripts care; for now there are ten thousand like us
  2. 2 Samuel 18:11 That is, about 4 ounces or about 115 grams
  3. 2 Samuel 18:12 That is, about 25 pounds or about 12 kilograms
  4. 2 Samuel 18:12 A few Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac; most Hebrew manuscripts may be translated Absalom, whoever you may be.
  5. 2 Samuel 18:13 Or Otherwise, if I had acted treacherously toward him
  6. 2 Samuel 18:23 That is, the plain of the Jordan
  7. 2 Samuel 18:33 In Hebrew texts this verse (18:33) is numbered 19:1.

18 And David numbered the people that were with him, and set captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds over them.

And David sent forth a third part of the people under the hand of Joab, and a third part under the hand of Abishai the son of Zeruiah, Joab's brother, and a third part under the hand of Ittai the Gittite. And the king said unto the people, I will surely go forth with you myself also.

But the people answered, Thou shalt not go forth: for if we flee away, they will not care for us; neither if half of us die, will they care for us: but now thou art worth ten thousand of us: therefore now it is better that thou succour us out of the city.

And the king said unto them, What seemeth you best I will do. And the king stood by the gate side, and all the people came out by hundreds and by thousands.

And the king commanded Joab and Abishai and Ittai, saying, Deal gently for my sake with the young man, even with Absalom. And all the people heard when the king gave all the captains charge concerning Absalom.

So the people went out into the field against Israel: and the battle was in the wood of Ephraim;

Where the people of Israel were slain before the servants of David, and there was there a great slaughter that day of twenty thousand men.

For the battle was there scattered over the face of all the country: and the wood devoured more people that day than the sword devoured.

And Absalom met the servants of David. And Absalom rode upon a mule, and the mule went under the thick boughs of a great oak, and his head caught hold of the oak, and he was taken up between the heaven and the earth; and the mule that was under him went away.

10 And a certain man saw it, and told Joab, and said, Behold, I saw Absalom hanged in an oak.

11 And Joab said unto the man that told him, And, behold, thou sawest him, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? and I would have given thee ten shekels of silver, and a girdle.

12 And the man said unto Joab, Though I should receive a thousand shekels of silver in mine hand, yet would I not put forth mine hand against the king's son: for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying, Beware that none touch the young man Absalom.

13 Otherwise I should have wrought falsehood against mine own life: for there is no matter hid from the king, and thou thyself wouldest have set thyself against me.

14 Then said Joab, I may not tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, and thrust them through the heart of Absalom, while he was yet alive in the midst of the oak.

15 And ten young men that bare Joab's armour compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

16 And Joab blew the trumpet, and the people returned from pursuing after Israel: for Joab held back the people.

17 And they took Absalom, and cast him into a great pit in the wood, and laid a very great heap of stones upon him: and all Israel fled every one to his tent.

18 Now Absalom in his lifetime had taken and reared up for himself a pillar, which is in the king's dale: for he said, I have no son to keep my name in remembrance: and he called the pillar after his own name: and it is called unto this day, Absalom's place.

19 Then said Ahimaaz the son of Zadok, Let me now run, and bear the king tidings, how that the Lord hath avenged him of his enemies.

20 And Joab said unto him, Thou shalt not bear tidings this day, but thou shalt bear tidings another day: but this day thou shalt bear no tidings, because the king's son is dead.

21 Then said Joab to Cushi, Go tell the king what thou hast seen. And Cushi bowed himself unto Joab, and ran.

22 Then said Ahimaaz the son of Zadok yet again to Joab, But howsoever, let me, I pray thee, also run after Cushi. And Joab said, Wherefore wilt thou run, my son, seeing that thou hast no tidings ready?

23 But howsoever, said he, let me run. And he said unto him, Run. Then Ahimaaz ran by the way of the plain, and overran Cushi.

24 And David sat between the two gates: and the watchman went up to the roof over the gate unto the wall, and lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold a man running alone.

25 And the watchman cried, and told the king. And the king said, If he be alone, there is tidings in his mouth. And he came apace, and drew near.

26 And the watchman saw another man running: and the watchman called unto the porter, and said, Behold another man running alone. And the king said, He also bringeth tidings.

27 And the watchman said, Me thinketh the running of the foremost is like the running of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok. And the king said, He is a good man, and cometh with good tidings.

28 And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king, All is well. And he fell down to the earth upon his face before the king, and said, Blessed be the Lord thy God, which hath delivered up the men that lifted up their hand against my lord the king.

29 And the king said, Is the young man Absalom safe? And Ahimaaz answered, When Joab sent the king's servant, and me thy servant, I saw a great tumult, but I knew not what it was.

30 And the king said unto him, Turn aside, and stand here. And he turned aside, and stood still.

31 And, behold, Cushi came; and Cushi said, Tidings, my lord the king: for the Lord hath avenged thee this day of all them that rose up against thee.

32 And the king said unto Cushi, Is the young man Absalom safe? And Cushi answered, The enemies of my lord the king, and all that rise against thee to do thee hurt, be as that young man is.

33 And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he said, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would God I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son!