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約拿單暗助大衛

20 大衛從拉瑪的拿約逃走,來見約拿單,說:“我作了甚麼?我有甚麼罪孽?我在你父親面前犯了甚麼罪,他竟尋索我的性命呢?” 約拿單對他說:“絕對沒有這事,你必不會死。我父親作事,無論大小,沒有不讓我知道的,為甚麼這事他偏要隱瞞我呢?不會這樣的。” 大衛再起誓說:“你父親一定知道我在你眼中蒙恩,就心裡想:‘不要讓約拿單知道這事,免得他傷心。’可是,我指著永活的耶和華,又指著你的性命起誓,我離死只差一步。” 約拿單對大衛說:“你心裡想要甚麼,我必為你作成。” 大衛就對約拿單說:“你看,明天是初一,我本該與王一同坐席。但是,求你容我去藏在田裡,直到後天晚上。 如果你父親不見我在座,你就說:‘大衛懇求我讓他趕回他的本城伯利恆去,因為他全家在那裡有獻年祭的事。’ 如果你父親這樣說:‘好!’那麼僕人就平安無事了;如果他大大發怒,你就知道,他決意要害我了。 求你以慈愛待僕人,因為你曾與僕人在耶和華面前立盟約。如果我有罪孽,你就親手把我殺死,為甚麼要把我交給你父親呢?” 約拿單說:“絕對沒有這事,如果我知道我父親決意要害你,我會不告訴你嗎?” 10 大衛對約拿單說:“如果你父親嚴厲地回答你,誰來告訴我呢?” 11 約拿單對大衛說:“你來,我們出到田裡去吧!”他們二人就出到田裡去了。

12 約拿單對大衛說:“願耶和華以色列的 神作證,明天或後天約在這個時候,我探出了我父親的意思,如果他對你有好感,那時我會不派人來告訴你嗎? 13 假如我父親有意要害你,我若是不告訴你,不讓你走,不使你平平安安地離去,願耶和華加倍懲罰我。願耶和華與你同在,好像從前與我父親同在一樣。 14 我活著的時候,求你以耶和華的慈愛待我,使我不致於死。 15 我死了以後,耶和華從地上一一剪除大衛的仇敵的時候,你也不可向我的家永遠斷絕你的慈愛。” 16 於是約拿單與大衛家立盟約,說:“願耶和華藉大衛仇敵的手追討違背盟約的罪。” 17 約拿單由於愛大衛,就使大衛再起誓;他愛大衛如同愛自己的命。

18 約拿單對大衛說:“明天是初一,因為你的座位空著,人必注意到你不在。 19 到後天,你要趕快下去,到你以前出事那天藏身的地方,在以色磐石旁邊等候。 20 我要向磐石旁邊射三支箭,好像射箭靶一樣。 21 然後,我要派一個僕人去,說:‘你去把箭找回來。’如果我對那僕人說:‘看哪!箭在你的後面,把箭拿回來。’你就可以回來,因為我指著永活的耶和華起誓,你必平安無事。 22 如果我對僕人說:‘看哪!箭在你的前面。’你就要離去,因為是耶和華打發你去的。 23 至於你我之間所說的這事,有耶和華永遠在你我之間作證。”

掃羅怒責約拿單

24 於是大衛在田裡藏起來。到了初一,王坐席吃飯。 25 王照常坐在他的座位上,就是靠牆的座位,約拿單坐在對面(按照《馬索拉文本》,“坐在對面”作“站起來”;現參照《七十士譯本》翻譯),押尼珥坐在掃羅旁邊,大衛的座位卻空著。 26 那天掃羅沒有說甚麼,因為他心裡想:“這是恰巧的事,或許大衛沾染了不潔,還沒有得到潔淨。” 27 次日,就是初二,大衛的座位仍是空著。於是掃羅問他的兒子約拿單:“為甚麼耶西的兒子昨天今天都沒有來吃飯呢?” 28 約拿單回答掃羅:“大衛懇切地求我讓他回伯利恆去。 29 他說:‘求你讓我去,因為我們的家在城裡有獻祭的事,我哥哥吩咐我去。所以,我若是在你眼前蒙恩,求你讓我離開,看看我的哥哥們。’因此,大衛沒有來赴王的筵席。”

30 於是掃羅向約拿單發怒,對他說:“你這邪僻悖逆婦人所生的,我豈不知道你喜悅耶西的兒子,自取羞辱,也羞辱生你的母親嗎? 31 因為只要耶西的兒子還活在這世上,你和你的國就不能穩固。現在,你要派人去把他抓到我這裡來,因為他是該死的。” 32 約拿單回答他父親掃羅說:“為甚麼要把他處死呢?他作了甚麼事呢?” 33 掃羅向著約拿單把槍擲過去,要刺殺他。約拿單就知道,他父親已經決意要殺死大衛。 34 約拿單怒氣沖沖地從席間退去,初二這天,他沒有吃飯;因為他父親羞辱了大衛,他就為大衛擔憂。

大衛與約拿單泣別

35 到了早晨,約拿單照著與大衛約定的時候,出到田裡去,有一個小童與他在一起。 36 他對那童僕說:“你跑去,把我所射的箭找回來。”那童僕跑去的時候,約拿單就把箭射到他前面。 37 那童僕到了約拿單的箭射到的地方,約拿單就在那童僕的背後喊叫:“箭不是在你的前面嗎?” 38 約拿單又在那童僕的背後喊叫:“趕快跑去!不要停留!”那童僕就把箭拾起來,回到他主人那裡去。 39 那童僕一點也不知道這是甚麼意思,只有約拿單和大衛知道。 40 約拿單把自己的武器交給他的童僕,對他說:“你帶回城裡去吧!” 41 那童僕一離去,大衛就從石堆的南邊起來,臉伏於地,叩拜了三次。二人互相親吻,相對哭泣,大衛哭得更悲痛。 42 約拿單對大衛說:“你平平安安走吧!我們二人曾指著耶和華的名起誓說:‘願耶和華在你我之間,也在我的後裔和你的後裔之間作證,直到永遠。’”大衛就起身離開,約拿單也回城裡去了(“大衛就起身離開,約拿單也回城裡去了。”在《馬索拉文本》為21:1)。

20 And David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, What have I done? what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life?

And he said unto him, God forbid; thou shalt not die: behold, my father will do nothing either great or small, but that he will shew it me: and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.

And David sware moreover, and said, Thy father certainly knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes; and he saith, Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved: but truly as the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.

Then said Jonathan unto David, Whatsoever thy soul desireth, I will even do it for thee.

And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at even.

If thy father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Beth-lehem his city: for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family.

If he say thus, It is well; thy servant shall have peace: but if he be very wroth, then be sure that evil is determined by him.

Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the Lord with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?

And Jonathan said, Far be it from thee: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon thee, then would not I tell it thee?

10 Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?

11 ¶ And Jonathan said unto David, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field.

12 And Jonathan said unto David, O Lord God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the third day, and, behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not unto thee, and shew it thee;

13 The Lord do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the Lord be with thee, as he hath been with my father.

14 And thou shalt not only while yet I live shew me the kindness of the Lord, that I die not:

15 But also thou shalt not cut off thy kindness from my house for ever: no, not when the Lord hath cut off the enemies of David every one from the face of the earth.

16 So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the Lord even require it at the hand of David’s enemies.

17 And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.

18 Then Jonathan said to David, To morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty.

19 And when thou hast stayed three days, then thou shalt go down quickly, and come to the place where thou didst hide thyself when the business was in hand, and shalt remain by the stone Ezel.

20 And I will shoot three arrows on the side thereof, as though I shot at a mark.

21 And, behold, I will send a lad, saying, Go, find out the arrows. If I expressly say unto the lad, Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee, take them; then come thou: for there is peace to thee, and no hurt; as the Lord liveth.

22 But if I say thus unto the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee; go thy way: for the Lord hath sent thee away.

23 And as touching the matter which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the Lord be between thee and me for ever.

24 ¶ So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.

25 And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul’s side, and David’s place was empty.

26 Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.

27 And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David’s place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to day?

28 And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Beth-lehem:

29 And he said, Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me to be there: and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the king’s table.

30 Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother’s nakedness?

31 For as long as the son of Jesse liveth upon the ground, thou shalt not be established, nor thy kingdom. Wherefore now send and fetch him unto me, for he shall surely die.

32 And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done?

33 And Saul cast a javelin at him to smite him: whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to slay David.

34 So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.

35 ¶ And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little lad with him.

36 And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.

37 And when the lad was come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and said, Is not the arrow beyond thee?

38 And Jonathan cried after the lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan’s lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.

39 But the lad knew not any thing: only Jonathan and David knew the matter.

40 And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.

41 And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of a place toward the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.

42 And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the Lord, saying, The Lord be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.

David and Jonathan

20 Then David fled from Naioth at Ramah and went to Jonathan and asked, “What have I done? What is my crime? How have I wronged(A) your father, that he is trying to kill me?”(B)

“Never!” Jonathan replied. “You are not going to die! Look, my father doesn’t do anything, great or small, without letting me know. Why would he hide this from me? It isn’t so!”

But David took an oath(C) and said, “Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eyes, and he has said to himself, ‘Jonathan must not know this or he will be grieved.’ Yet as surely as the Lord lives and as you live, there is only a step between me and death.”

Jonathan said to David, “Whatever you want me to do, I’ll do for you.”

So David said, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon feast,(D) and I am supposed to dine with the king; but let me go and hide(E) in the field until the evening of the day after tomorrow. If your father misses me at all, tell him, ‘David earnestly asked my permission(F) to hurry to Bethlehem,(G) his hometown, because an annual(H) sacrifice is being made there for his whole clan.’ If he says, ‘Very well,’ then your servant is safe. But if he loses his temper,(I) you can be sure that he is determined(J) to harm me. As for you, show kindness to your servant, for you have brought him into a covenant(K) with you before the Lord. If I am guilty, then kill(L) me yourself! Why hand me over to your father?”

“Never!” Jonathan said. “If I had the least inkling that my father was determined to harm you, wouldn’t I tell you?”

10 David asked, “Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?”

11 “Come,” Jonathan said, “let’s go out into the field.” So they went there together.

12 Then Jonathan said to David, “I swear by the Lord, the God of Israel, that I will surely sound(M) out my father by this time the day after tomorrow! If he is favorably disposed toward you, will I not send you word and let you know? 13 But if my father intends to harm you, may the Lord deal with Jonathan, be it ever so severely,(N) if I do not let you know and send you away in peace. May the Lord be with(O) you as he has been with my father. 14 But show me unfailing kindness(P) like the Lord’s kindness as long as I live, so that I may not be killed, 15 and do not ever cut off your kindness from my family(Q)—not even when the Lord has cut off every one of David’s enemies from the face of the earth.”

16 So Jonathan(R) made a covenant(S) with the house of David, saying, “May the Lord call David’s enemies to account.(T) 17 And Jonathan had David reaffirm his oath(U) out of love for him, because he loved him as he loved himself.

18 Then Jonathan said to David, “Tomorrow is the New Moon feast. You will be missed, because your seat will be empty.(V) 19 The day after tomorrow, toward evening, go to the place where you hid(W) when this trouble began, and wait by the stone Ezel. 20 I will shoot three arrows(X) to the side of it, as though I were shooting at a target. 21 Then I will send a boy and say, ‘Go, find the arrows.’ If I say to him, ‘Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them here,’ then come, because, as surely as the Lord lives, you are safe; there is no danger. 22 But if I say to the boy, ‘Look, the arrows are beyond(Y) you,’ then you must go, because the Lord has sent you away. 23 And about the matter you and I discussed—remember, the Lord is witness(Z) between you and me forever.”

24 So David hid in the field, and when the New Moon feast(AA) came, the king sat down to eat. 25 He sat in his customary place by the wall, opposite Jonathan,[a] and Abner sat next to Saul, but David’s place was empty.(AB) 26 Saul said nothing that day, for he thought, “Something must have happened to David to make him ceremonially unclean—surely he is unclean.(AC) 27 But the next day, the second day of the month, David’s place was empty again. Then Saul said to his son Jonathan, “Why hasn’t the son of Jesse come to the meal, either yesterday or today?”

28 Jonathan answered, “David earnestly asked me for permission(AD) to go to Bethlehem. 29 He said, ‘Let me go, because our family is observing a sacrifice(AE) in the town and my brother has ordered me to be there. If I have found favor in your eyes, let me get away to see my brothers.’ That is why he has not come to the king’s table.”

30 Saul’s anger flared up at Jonathan and he said to him, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don’t I know that you have sided with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? 31 As long as the son of Jesse lives on this earth, neither you nor your kingdom(AF) will be established. Now send someone to bring him to me, for he must die!”

32 “Why(AG) should he be put to death? What(AH) has he done?” Jonathan asked his father. 33 But Saul hurled his spear at him to kill him. Then Jonathan knew that his father intended(AI) to kill David.

34 Jonathan got up from the table in fierce anger; on that second day of the feast he did not eat, because he was grieved at his father’s shameful treatment of David.

35 In the morning Jonathan went out to the field for his meeting with David. He had a small boy with him, 36 and he said to the boy, “Run and find the arrows I shoot.” As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. 37 When the boy came to the place where Jonathan’s arrow had fallen, Jonathan called out after him, “Isn’t the arrow beyond(AJ) you?” 38 Then he shouted, “Hurry! Go quickly! Don’t stop!” The boy picked up the arrow and returned to his master. 39 (The boy knew nothing about all this; only Jonathan and David knew.) 40 Then Jonathan gave his weapons to the boy and said, “Go, carry them back to town.”

41 After the boy had gone, David got up from the south side of the stone and bowed down before Jonathan three times, with his face to the ground.(AK) Then they kissed each other and wept together—but David wept the most.

42 Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace,(AL) for we have sworn friendship(AM) with each other in the name of the Lord,(AN) saying, ‘The Lord is witness(AO) between you and me, and between your descendants and my descendants forever.(AP)’” Then David left, and Jonathan went back to the town.[b]

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 20:25 Septuagint; Hebrew wall. Jonathan arose
  2. 1 Samuel 20:42 In Hebrew texts this sentence (20:42b) is numbered 21:1.