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希伯来书 9
Chinese New Version (Traditional)

舊約敬拜的規例

9 前約也有它敬拜的規例，和屬世界的聖所。 2 因為有一個支搭好了的會幕，第一進叫作聖所，裡面有燈臺、桌子和陳設餅。 3 在第二層幔子後面還有一個會幕，叫作至聖所， 4 裡面有金香壇，有全部包金的約櫃，櫃裡有盛著嗎哪的金罐、亞倫那發過芽的杖和兩塊約板。 5 櫃的上面有榮耀的基路伯罩著施恩座，關於這一切，現在不能一一細說了。

6 這一切物件都這樣預備好了，祭司就常常進入第一進會幕，執行敬拜的事。 7 至於第二進會幕，只有大祭司一年一次獨自進去，並且非帶著血不可，好為自己和人民的愚妄把血獻上。 8 聖靈藉著這事表明，當第一進會幕存在的時候，進入至聖所的路，還沒有顯明出來。 9 這第一進會幕是現今的時代的預表，其實所獻的禮物和祭品，都不能使敬拜的人在良心上得到完全。 10 這些只是關於飲食和各樣潔淨的禮儀，是在“更新的時候”來到之前，為肉體立的規例。

基督的血潔淨我們

11 但基督已經來了，作了已經實現的美好事物的大祭司；他經過更大、更完備的會幕（不是人手所做的，也就是不屬於這被造的世界的）。 12 他不是用山羊和牛犢的血，而是用自己的血，只一次進了至聖所，就得到了永遠的救贖。 13 如果山羊和公牛的血，以及母牛犢的灰，灑在不潔的人身上，尚且可以使他們成為聖潔，身體潔淨， 14 何況基督的血呢？他藉著永遠的靈，把自己無瑕無疵的獻給　神，他的血不是更能潔淨我們的良心脫離致死的行為，使我們可以事奉永活的　神嗎？

15 因此，他作了新約的中保，藉著他的死，使人在前約之下的過犯得到救贖，就叫那些蒙召的人，得著永遠基業的應許。 16 凡有遺囑（“遺囑”或譯：“約”，與17 節同），必須證實立遺囑的人死了； 17 因為人死了，遺囑才能確立，立遺囑的人還活著的時候，遺囑決不生效。 18 因此，前約並不是沒有用血立的： 19 當日摩西按照律法，向所有人民宣布了各樣的誡命，就拿牛犢（好些抄本在此有“和山羊”）的血和水，用朱紅色的羊毛與牛膝草，灑在律法書上和人民身上， 20 說：“這就是　神規定你們立約的血。” 21 他照樣把血灑在會幕和各樣應用的器皿上。 22 按著律法，幾乎所有都是用血潔淨的，如果沒有流血，就沒有赦免。

基督一次獻上自己就除掉罪

23 照著天上樣式作的既然必須這樣去潔淨，天上物體的本身，就應該用更美的祭品去潔淨了。 24 因為基督不是進了人手所做的聖所（那不過是真聖所的表象），而是進到天上，現在替我們顯露在　神的面前。 25 他不必多次把自己獻上，好像大祭司每年帶著不是自己的血進入至聖所一樣。 26 如果這樣，他從創世以來，就必須受許多次的苦了。可是現在他在這世代的終結，只顯現一次，把自己作為祭品獻上，好除掉罪。 27 按著定命，人人都要死一次，死後還有審判。 28 照樣，基督為了擔當許多人的罪，也曾經一次把自己獻上；將來他還要再一次顯現，不是為擔當罪，而是要向那些熱切期待他的人成全救恩。

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Hebrews 9
New English Translation

The Arrangement and Ritual of the Earthly Sanctuary

9 Now the first covenant,[a] in fact, had regulations for worship and its earthly sanctuary. 2 For a tent was prepared, the outer one,[b] which contained[c] the lampstand, the table, and the presentation of the loaves; this[d] is called the Holy Place. 3 And after the second curtain there was a tent called the holy of holies. 4 It contained the golden altar of incense and the ark of the covenant covered entirely with gold. In this ark[e] were the golden urn containing the manna, Aaron’s rod that budded, and the stone tablets of the covenant. 5 And above the ark[f] were the cherubim[g] of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Now is not the time to speak of these things in detail. 6 So with these things prepared like this, the priests enter continually into the outer tent[h] as they perform their duties. 7 But only the high priest enters once a year into the inner tent,[i] and not without blood that he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance.[j] 8 The Holy Spirit is making clear that the way into the Holy Place had not yet appeared as long as the old tabernacle[k] was standing. 9 This was a symbol for the time then present, when gifts and sacrifices were offered that could not perfect the conscience of the worshiper. 10 They served only for matters of food and drink[l] and various ritual washings; they are external regulations[m] imposed until the new order came.[n]

Christ’s Service in the Heavenly Sanctuary

11 But now Christ has come[o] as the high priest of the good things to come. He passed through the greater and more perfect tent not made with hands, that is, not of this creation, 12 and he entered once for all into the Most Holy Place not by the blood of goats and calves but by his own blood, and so he himself secured[p] eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a young cow sprinkled on those who are defiled consecrated them and provided ritual purity,[q] 14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our[r] consciences from dead works to worship the living God.

15 And so he is the mediator[s] of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the eternal inheritance he has promised,[t] since he died[u] to set them free from the violations committed under the first covenant. 16 For where there is a will, the death of the one who made it must be proven.[v] 17 For a will takes effect only at death, since it carries no force while the one who made it is alive. 18 So even the first covenant was inaugurated with blood.[w] 19 For when Moses had spoken every command to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and goats with water and scarlet wool and hyssop and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, 20 and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that God has commanded you to keep.”[x] 21 And both the tabernacle and all the utensils of worship he likewise sprinkled with blood. 22 Indeed according to the law almost everything was purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. 23 So it was necessary for the sketches[y] of the things in heaven to be purified with these sacrifices,[z] but the heavenly things themselves required[aa] better sacrifices than these. 24 For Christ did not enter a sanctuary made with hands—the representation[ab] of the true sanctuary[ac]—but into heaven itself, and he appears now in God’s presence for us. 25 And he did not enter to offer[ad] himself again and again, the way the high priest enters the sanctuary year after year with blood that is not his own, 26 for then he would have had to suffer again and again since the foundation of the world. But now he has appeared once for all at the consummation of the ages to put away sin by his sacrifice. 27 And just as people[ae] are appointed to die once, and then to face judgment,[af] 28 so also, after Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many,[ag] to those who eagerly await him he will appear a second time, not to bear sin[ah] but to bring salvation.[ai]

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 9:1 tn Grk “the first” (referring to the covenant described in Heb 8:7, 13). In the translation the referent (covenant) has been specified for clarity.
  2. Hebrews 9:2 tn Grk “the first,” in order of approach in the ritual.
  3. Hebrews 9:2 tn Grk “in which [were].”
  4. Hebrews 9:2 tn Grk “which,” describing the outer tent.
  5. Hebrews 9:4 tn Grk “in which”; in the translation the referent (the ark) has been specified for clarity.
  6. Hebrews 9:5 tn Grk “above it”; in the translation the referent (the ark) has been specified for clarity.
  7. Hebrews 9:5 sn The cherubim (pl.) were an order of angels mentioned repeatedly in the OT but only here in the NT. They were associated with God’s presence, glory, and holiness. Their images that sat on top of the ark of the covenant are described in Exod 25:18-20.
  8. Hebrews 9:6 tn Grk “the first tent.”
  9. Hebrews 9:7 tn Grk “the second tent.”
  10. Hebrews 9:7 tn Or perhaps “the unintentional sins of the people”; Grk “the ignorances of the people.” Cf. BDAG 13 s.v. ἀγνόημα, “sin committed in ignorance/unintentionally.” This term seems to be simply a synonym for “sins” (cf. Heb 5:2) and does not pick up the distinction made in Num 15:22-31 between unwitting sin and “high-handed” sin. The Day of Atonement ritual in Lev 16 covered all the sins of the people, not just the unwitting ones.
  11. Hebrews 9:8 tn Grk “the first tent.” The literal phrase “the first tent” refers to either (1) the outer chamber of the tabernacle in the wilderness (as in vv. 2, 6) or (2) the entire tabernacle as a symbol of the OT system of approaching God. The second is more likely given the contrast that follows in vv. 11-12.
  12. Hebrews 9:10 tn Grk “only for foods and drinks.”
  13. Hebrews 9:10 tc Most witnesses (D1 M) have “various washings, and external regulations” (βαπτισμοῖς καὶ δικαιώμασιν, baptismois kai dikaiōmasin), with both nouns in the dative. The translation “washings; they are…regulations” renders βαπτισμοῖς, δικαιώματα (baptismois, dikaiōmata; found in such significant mss as P46 א* A I P 0278 33 1739 1881 al sa) in which case δικαιώματα is taken as the nominative subject of the participle ἐπικείμενα (epikeimena). It seems far more likely that scribes would conform δικαιώματα to the immediately preceding datives and join it to them by καί than they would to the following nominative participle. Both on external and internal evidence the text is thus secure as reading βαπτισμοῖς, δικαιώματα.
  14. Hebrews 9:10 tn Grk “until the time of setting things right.”
  15. Hebrews 9:11 tn Grk “But Christ, when he came,” introducing a sentence that includes all of Heb 9:11-12. The main construction is “Christ, having come…, entered…, having secured…,” and everything else describes his entrance.
  16. Hebrews 9:12 tn This verb occurs in the Greek middle voice, which here intensifies the role of the subject, Christ, in accomplishing the action: “he alone secured”; “he and no other secured.”
  17. Hebrews 9:13 tn Grk “for the purifying of the flesh.” The “flesh” here is symbolic of outward or ritual purity in contrast to inner purity, that of the conscience (cf. Heb 9:9).
  18. Hebrews 9:14 tc The reading adopted by the translation is attested by many authorities (A D* K P 365 1739* al). But many others (א D2 0278 33 1739c 1881 M lat sa) read “your” instead of “our.” The diversity of evidence makes this a difficult case to decide from external evidence alone. The first and second person pronouns differ by only one letter in Greek, as in English, also making this problem difficult to decide based on internal evidence and transcriptional probability. In the context, the author’s description of sacrificial activities seems to invite the reader to compare his own possible participation in OT liturgy as over against the completed work of Christ, so the second person pronoun “your” might make more sense. On the other hand, TCGNT 599 argues that “our” is preferable because the author of Hebrews uses direct address (i.e., the second person) only in the hortatory sections. What is more, the author seems to prefer the first person in explanatory remarks or when giving the logical grounds for an assertion (cf. Heb 4:15; 7:14). It is hard to reach a definitive conclusion in this case, but the data lean slightly in favor of the first person pronoun.
  19. Hebrews 9:15 tn The Greek word μεσίτης (mesitēs, “mediator”) in this context does not imply that Jesus was a mediator in the contemporary sense of the word, i.e., he worked for compromise between opposing parties. Here the term describes his function as the one who was used by God to enact a new covenant which established a new relationship between God and his people, but entirely on God’s terms.
  20. Hebrews 9:15 tn Grk “the promise of the eternal inheritance.”
  21. Hebrews 9:15 tn Grk “a death having occurred.”
  22. Hebrews 9:16 tn Grk “there is a necessity for the death of the one who made it to be proven.”
  23. Hebrews 9:18 sn The Greek text reinforces this by negating the opposite (“not even the first covenant was inaugurated without blood”), but this double negation is not used in contemporary English.
  24. Hebrews 9:20 tn Grk “which God commanded for you (or in your case).”sn A quotation from Exod 24:8.
  25. Hebrews 9:23 tn Or “prototypes,” “outlines,” referring to the earthly sanctuary. See Heb 8:5 above for the prior use of this term.
  26. Hebrews 9:23 tn Grk “with these”; in the translation the referent (sacrifices) has been specified for clarity.
  27. Hebrews 9:23 tn Grk “the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.”
  28. Hebrews 9:24 tn Or “prefiguration.”
  29. Hebrews 9:24 tn The word “sanctuary” is not in the Greek text at this point, but has been supplied for clarity.
  30. Hebrews 9:25 tn Grk “and not that he might offer,” continuing the previous construction.
  31. Hebrews 9:27 tn Here ἀνθρώποις (anthrōpois) has been translated as a generic noun (“people”).
  32. Hebrews 9:27 tn Grk “and after this—judgment.”
  33. Hebrews 9:28 sn An allusion to Isa 53:12.
  34. Hebrews 9:28 tn Grk “without sin,” but in context this does not refer to Christ’s sinlessness (as in Heb 4:15) but to the fact that sin is already dealt with by his first coming.
  35. Hebrews 9:28 tn Grk “for salvation.” This may be construed with the verb “await” (those who wait for him to bring them salvation), but the connection with “appear” (as in the translation) is more likely.
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Ebrei 9
Conferenza Episcopale Italiana

Il Cristo penetra nel santuario celeste

9 Certo, anche la prima alleanza aveva norme per il culto e un santuario terreno. 2 Fu costruita infatti una Tenda: la prima, nella quale vi erano il candelabro, la tavola e i pani dell'offerta: essa veniva chiamata il Santo. 3 Dietro il secondo velo poi c'era una Tenda, detta Santo dei Santi, con 4 l'altare d'oro per i profumi e l'arca dell'alleanza tutta ricoperta d'oro, nella quale si trovavano un'urna d'oro contenente la manna, la verga di Aronne che aveva fiorito e le tavole dell'alleanza. 5 E sopra l'arca stavano i cherubini della gloria, che facevano ombra al luogo dell'espiazione. Di tutte queste cose non è necessario ora parlare nei particolari.

6 Disposte in tal modo le cose, nella prima Tenda entrano sempre i sacerdoti per celebrarvi il culto; 7 nella seconda invece solamente il sommo sacerdote, una volta all'anno, e non senza portarvi del sangue, che egli offre per se stesso e per i peccati involontari del popolo. 8 Lo Spirito Santo intendeva così mostrare che non era ancora aperta la via del santuario, finché sussisteva la prima Tenda. 9 Essa infatti è una figura per il tempo attuale, offrendosi sotto di essa doni e sacrifici che non possono rendere perfetto, nella sua coscienza, l'offerente, 10 trattandosi solo di cibi, di bevande e di varie abluzioni, tutte prescrizioni umane, valide fino al tempo in cui sarebbero state riformate.

11 Cristo invece, venuto come sommo sacerdote di beni futuri, attraverso una Tenda più grande e più perfetta, non costruita da mano di uomo, cioè non appartenente a questa creazione, 12 non con sangue di capri e di vitelli, ma con il proprio sangue entrò una volta per sempre nel santuario, procurandoci così una redenzione eterna. 13 Infatti, se il sangue dei capri e dei vitelli e la cenere di una giovenca, sparsi su quelli che sono contaminati, li santificano, purificandoli nella carne, 14 quanto più il sangue di Cristo, che con uno Spirito eterno offrì se stesso senza macchia a Dio, purificherà la nostra coscienza dalla opere morte, per servire il Dio vivente?

Il Cristo sigilla la nuova alleanza con il suo sangue

15 Per questo egli è mediatore di una nuova alleanza, perché, essendo ormai intervenuta la sua morte per la rendenzione delle colpe commesse sotto la prima alleanza, coloro che sono stati chiamati ricevano l'eredità eterna che è stata promessa. 16 Dove infatti c'è un testamento, è necessario che sia accertata la morte del testatore, 17 perché un testamento ha valore solo dopo la morte e rimane senza effetto finché il testatore vive. 18 Per questo neanche la prima alleanza fu inaugurata senza sangue. 19 Infatti dopo che tutti i comandamenti furono promulgati a tutto il popolo da Mosè, secondo la legge, questi, preso il sangue dei vitelli e dei capri con acqua, lana scarlatta e issòpo, ne asperse il libro stesso e tutto il popolo, 20 dicendo: Questo è il sangue dell'alleanza che Dio ha stabilito per voi. 21 Alla stessa maniera asperse con il sangue anche la Tenda e tutti gli arredi del culto. 22 Secondo la legge, infatti, quasi tutte le cose vengono purificate con il sangue e senza spargimento di sangue non esiste perdono.

23 Era dunque necessario che i simboli delle realtà celesti fossero purificati con tali mezzi; le realtà celesti poi dovevano esserlo con sacrifici superiori a questi. 24 Cristo infatti non è entrato in un santuario fatto da mani d'uomo, figura di quello vero, ma nel cielo stesso, per comparire ora al cospetto di Dio in nostro favore, 25 e non per offrire se stesso più volte, come il sommo sacerdote che entra nel santuario ogni anno con sangue altrui. 26 In questo caso, infatti, avrebbe dovuto soffrire più volte dalla fondazione del mondo. Ora invece una volta sola, alla pienezza dei tempi, è apparso per annullare il peccato mediante il sacrificio di se stesso. 27 E come è stabilito per gli uomini che muoiano una sola volta, dopo di che viene il giudizio, 28 così Cristo, dopo essersi offerto una volta per tutte allo scopo di togliere i peccati di molti, apparirà una seconda volta, senza alcuna relazione col peccato, a coloro che l'aspettano per la loro salvezza.

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