属天的祭司

以上所说的要点是:我们有这样的一位大祭司,已经坐在诸天之上至尊者的宝座右边, 他是圣所和真会幕的服事者。这会幕是主所搭建的,不是人所搭建的。 每一位大祭司受委任,都是为了献上礼物和祭物;故此,这一位也必须有所献上。 既然如此,如果他在地上,就不会做祭司,因为地上已经有照着律法献祭物的祭司[a] 那些祭司所事奉的,是天上事物的模型和影子,就如摩西将要完成会幕的时候,得了神的指示,说:“你要注意,一切都要按照在山上指示你的样式去造。”[b] 但如今,耶稣得了更尊贵的服事工作,就像他也是更美好之约的中保那样;这约建立在各样更美好的应许之上。

完美的新约

原来,如果那第一个约[c]是无可指责的,就没有寻求第二个约的必要了, 因为神[d]指责说:

“看哪,时候就要到了!
主说,我要与以色列
犹大家订立新约。
这约[e]不像从前我拉着他们祖先的手,
在领他们出埃及地的日子里
与他们所立的约。
因为他们没有持守我的约,
我就不理他们——这是主说的。
10 主又说,在那些日子以后,
我要与以色列家订立这样的约:
我要把我的法则放在他们的意念中,
刻在他们的心上;
我将要做他们的神,
他们将要做我的子民。
11 他们绝不需要教导各自的同胞[f]、各自的兄弟,说:
‘你要认识主’——
因为他们所有的人,
从卑微的到尊贵的,
都将认识我;
12 又因为我要宽恕他们的不义,
绝不再想起他们的罪孽[g]。”[h]

13 当神[i]说到“新约[j]”,就已经把第一个当做旧的;而那渐渐变旧、渐渐变老的,很快就要消逝了。

Footnotes

  1. 希伯来书 8:4 有古抄本没有“祭司”。
  2. 希伯来书 8:5 《出埃及记》25:40。
  3. 希伯来书 8:7 约——辅助词语。
  4. 希伯来书 8:8 神——原文直译“他”。
  5. 希伯来书 8:9 这约——辅助词语。
  6. 希伯来书 8:11 同胞——有古抄本作“邻人”。
  7. 希伯来书 8:12 有古抄本附“和他们的罪恶”。
  8. 希伯来书 8:12 《耶利米书》31:31-34。
  9. 希伯来书 8:13 神——原文直译“他”。
  10. 希伯来书 8:13 约——辅助词语。

更美之約的大祭司

我們所講的要點是:我們有這樣一位大祭司,祂現在已經坐在天上至高上帝的寶座右邊, 並在聖所裡供職。這聖所就是真正的聖幕,不是人建立的,而是主親手建立的。 所有的大祭司都是為了向上帝獻禮物和祭物而設立的,因此我們這位大祭司也必須有所獻上。 祂如果是在地上,根本不會做祭司,因為地上已經有照律法向上帝獻禮物的祭司了。 這些祭司的事奉都是仿效和反映天上的事,正如摩西建聖幕的時候,上帝指示他說:

「你務要照著在山上指示你的樣式造各樣的器具。」

但如今,基督得到了一個更超越的職任,正如祂擔任了更美之約的中保,這約是根據更美的應許所立的。 因為如果第一個約沒有缺點,就不必另立新約了。 然而,上帝指責祂的百姓,說:

「看啊,時候將到,
我要與以色列家和猶大家另立新約,
這約不同於我與他們祖先所立的約,
就是我牽著他們祖先的手領他們離開埃及時所立的。
因為他們不持守我的約,
所以我不再理會他們。
這是主說的。
10 主又說,那些日子以後,
我將與以色列家立這樣的約,
我要把我的律法放在他們腦中,
寫在他們心上。
我要作他們的上帝,
他們要作我的子民。
11 誰都無需再教導自己的鄰居和弟兄,
說,『你要認識主。』
因為他們無論尊卑都必認識我。
12 我要赦免他們的過犯,
忘掉他們的罪惡。」

13 上帝既然說要立新約,就是把以前的約當作舊的了,那漸漸過時、陳舊的東西很快就會消失。

Now the main point of what is being said is this: we in fact have such a Kohen Gadol, who has taken his moshav LIMIN HASHEM ("at the right hand of the kisse of the kavod in Shomayim" TEHILLIM 110:1).

Our Kohen Gadol is mesharet baKodesh (minister in the holy things) of the true Mishkan set up by Adoneinu and not by any mere mortal.

For every Kohen Gadol is ordained to offer both minchot and zevakhim, from which it was necessary for this Kohen Gadol to have something also which he might offer.

If, therefore, he were on ha’aretz he would not be a kohen, als there are kohanim who offer every korban (sacrifice) according to the Torah;

However, the avodas kodesh sherut of these kohanim is service of a copy and shadow of the things in Shomayim, just as Moshe Rabbeinu was warned, when he was about to complete the Mishkan for "URE’EH" ("Now see to it"), Hashem says, "VA’ASEH BETAVNITAM ASHER ATAH MAREH BAHAR" ("that you will make it according to the pattern having been shown to you on the mountain" SHEMOT 25:40).

But now our Kohen Gadol has attained a more fest (excellent) avodas kodesh sherut in as much as he is also the Metavekh (Job 33:23; Isa 43:27; 2Ch 32:31; Isa 42:4; cf. Dt 5:5, 22-31) of a more fest (excellent) Brit upon which more auspicious havtachot (promises) have been enacted.

For if the Brit HaRishonah had been without fault, it would not have been necessary to speak about a Brit HaShniyah [YIRMEYAH 31:30-33 (31-34)].

For, when Hashem finds fault with them, he says, "HINEI YAMIM BA’IM, NE’UM HASHEM, VKHARATI ES BEIS YISRAEL V’ES BEIS YEHUDAH BRIT CHADASHA"("Behold, days are coming, says Hashem, when I will establish with the Beis Yisroel and with the Beis Yehudah a Brit Chadasha”).

"Not like the Brit that I made with their forefathers on the day I took them by the hand to lead them out from the land of Egypt; because they broke my Brit, though I was a husband to them")

10 "KI ZOT HABRIT ASHER EKHROT ES BEIS YISROEL ACHAREI HAYAMIM HAHEM, NE’UM HASHEM; NATATI ES TORATI BEKIRBAM V’AL LIBAM EKHTAVENNAH, V’HAYITI LAHEM L’ELOHIM V’HEMMAH YIH’YU LI LE’AM" ("Because this is the Brit which I will make with the Beis Yisroel after those days, says Hashem: putting my Torah into the mind of them and upon the levavot of them I will write it and I will be to them G-d and they will be to Me a people"— see Jer 31:30-33; also Prov 30:4; 8:30;Yn 1:1; Rev 3:20).

11 "V’LO YELAMMEDU OD ISH ES RE’EHU V’ISH ES AKHIV LEMOR, DE’U ES HASHEM; KI KHULAM YEDE’U OTI LEMIKTANNAM V’AD GEDOLAM" ("No longer will a man teach his neighbor, or a man his brother, saying ‘Have da’as of Hashem,’ because they will all have da’as of Me, from the least of them to the greatest.")

12 "KI ESLACH LA’AVONAM U’LECHATTATAM LO EZKAR OD" ("For I will forgive the wickedness of them and their sin I will remember no more." Jer 31:30-33 [31-34]).

13 When Hashem uses the word "CHADASHA" he has thereby made the Brit HaRishonah yeshanah and a Brit thus made aging, is near to being yakhlof (vanished).