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耶稣是更美的约的中保

我们所讲论的重点,就是我们有这样的一位大祭司,他已经坐在众天之上至尊者的宝座右边, 在至圣所和真会幕里供职;这真会幕是主支搭的,不是人支搭的。 所有大祭司都是为了献礼物和祭品而设立的,所以这位大祭司,也必须有所献上的。 如果他在地上,就不会作祭司,因为已经有按照律法献礼物的祭司了。 这些祭司所供奉的职事,不过是天上的事物的副本和影像,就如摩西将要造会幕的时候, 神曾经警告他说:“你要留心,各样物件,都要照着在山上指示你的样式去作。” 但是现在耶稣得了更尊贵的职分,正好象他是更美的约的中保,这约是凭着更美的应许立的。 如果头一个约没有缺点,就没有寻求另一个约的必要了。 可是 神指责他们,说:

“看哪,主说,日子要到了,

我要与以色列家

和犹大家订立新约。

这新约不像从前我拉他们祖先的手,

领他们出埃及的日子与他们所立的约。

因为他们没有遵守我的约,

我就不理会他们。这是主说的。

10 主说:‘因为在那些日子以后,

我要与以色列家所立的约是这样:

我要把我的律法放在他们的心思里面,

写在他们的心上。

我要作他们的 神,

他们要作我的子民。

11 他们各人必不用教导自己的邻居,

和自己的同胞,说:

你要认识主。

因为所有的人,从最小到最大的,

都必认识我。

12 我也要宽恕他们的不义,

决不再记着他们的罪恶。’”

13  神既然说到新的约,就是把前约当作旧的了;那变成陈旧衰老的,就快要消逝了。

更美之约的大祭司

我们所讲的要点是:我们有这样一位大祭司,祂现在已经坐在天上至高上帝的宝座右边, 并在圣所里供职。这圣所就是真正的圣幕,不是人建立的,而是主亲手建立的。 所有的大祭司都是为了向上帝献礼物和祭物而设立的,因此我们这位大祭司也必须有所献上。 祂如果是在地上,根本不会做祭司,因为地上已经有照律法向上帝献礼物的祭司了。 这些祭司的事奉都是仿效和反映天上的事,正如摩西建圣幕的时候,上帝指示他说:

“你务要照着在山上指示你的样式造各样的器具。”

但如今,基督得到了一个更超越的职任,正如祂担任了更美之约的中保,这约是根据更美的应许所立的。 因为如果第一个约没有缺点,就不必另立新约了。 然而,上帝指责祂的百姓,说:

“看啊,时候将到,
我要与以色列家和犹大家另立新约,
这约不同于我与他们祖先所立的约,
就是我牵着他们祖先的手领他们离开埃及时所立的。
因为他们不持守我的约,
所以我不再理会他们。
这是主说的。
10 主又说,那些日子以后,
我将与以色列家立这样的约,
我要把我的律法放在他们脑中,
写在他们心上。
我要做他们的上帝,
他们要做我的子民。
11 谁都无需再教导自己的邻居和弟兄,
说,‘你要认识主。’
因为他们无论尊卑都必认识我。
12 我要赦免他们的过犯,
忘掉他们的罪恶。”

13 上帝既然说要立新约,就是把以前的约当作旧的了,那渐渐过时、陈旧的东西很快就会消失。

Christ Is Our High Priest

Here is the main point: We have a High Priest who sat down in the place of honor beside the throne of the majestic God in heaven. There he ministers in the heavenly Tabernacle,[a] the true place of worship that was built by the Lord and not by human hands.

And since every high priest is required to offer gifts and sacrifices, our High Priest must make an offering, too. If he were here on earth, he would not even be a priest, since there already are priests who offer the gifts required by the law. They serve in a system of worship that is only a copy, a shadow of the real one in heaven. For when Moses was getting ready to build the Tabernacle, God gave him this warning: “Be sure that you make everything according to the pattern I have shown you here on the mountain.”[b]

But now Jesus, our High Priest, has been given a ministry that is far superior to the old priesthood, for he is the one who mediates for us a far better covenant with God, based on better promises.

If the first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no need for a second covenant to replace it. But when God found fault with the people, he said:

“The day is coming, says the Lord,
    when I will make a new covenant
    with the people of Israel and Judah.
This covenant will not be like the one
    I made with their ancestors
when I took them by the hand
    and led them out of the land of Egypt.
They did not remain faithful to my covenant,
    so I turned my back on them, says the Lord.
10 But this is the new covenant I will make
    with the people of Israel on that day,[c] says the Lord:
I will put my laws in their minds,
    and I will write them on their hearts.
I will be their God,
    and they will be my people.
11 And they will not need to teach their neighbors,
    nor will they need to teach their relatives,[d]
    saying, ‘You should know the Lord.’
For everyone, from the least to the greatest,
    will know me already.
12 And I will forgive their wickedness,
    and I will never again remember their sins.”[e]

13 When God speaks of a “new” covenant, it means he has made the first one obsolete. It is now out of date and will soon disappear.

Footnotes

  1. 8:2 Or tent; also in 8:5.
  2. 8:5 Exod 25:40; 26:30.
  3. 8:10 Greek after those days.
  4. 8:11 Greek their brother.
  5. 8:8-12 Jer 31:31-34.

Meeting tents, sacrifices, and covenants

Now the main point of what we are saying is this: We have this kind of high priest. He sat down at the right side of the throne of the majesty in the heavens. He’s serving as a priest in the holy place, which is the true meeting tent that God, not any human being, set up. Every high priest is appointed to offer gifts and sacrifices. So it’s necessary for this high priest also to have something to offer. If he was located on earth, he wouldn’t be a priest because there are already others who offer gifts based on the Law. They serve in a place that is a copy and shadow of the heavenly meeting tent. This is indicated when Moses was warned by God when he was about to set up the meeting tent: See that you follow the pattern that I showed you on the mountain in every detail.[a] But now, Jesus has received a superior priestly service just as he arranged a better covenant that is enacted with better promises.

If the first covenant had been without fault, it wouldn’t have made sense to expect a second. But God did find fault with them, since he says,

Look, the days are coming, says the Lord,
        when I will make a covenant with the house of Israel,
        and I will make a new covenant with the house of Judah.
It will not be like the covenant that I made with their ancestors
    on the day I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt,
        because they did not continue to keep my covenant,
        and I lost interest in them, says the Lord.
10 This is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel
        after those days, says the Lord.
I will place my laws in their minds,
        and write them on their hearts.
I will be their God,
    and they will be my people.
11     And each person won’t ever teach a neighbor
    or their brother or sister, saying,Know the Lord,
        because they will all know me,
            from the least important of them to the most important;
12         because I will be lenient toward their unjust actions,
            and I won’t remember their sins anymore.[b]

13 When it says new, it makes the first obsolete. And if something is old and outdated, it’s close to disappearing.