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士師記 11
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

士師耶弗他

11 基列人耶弗他是個英勇的戰士，他父親名叫基列，母親是個妓女。 2 基列的妻子還生了幾個兒子，他們長大後，便把耶弗他趕出家門，說：「你是別的女人生的，你休想繼承我們父親的任何產業。」 3 耶弗他只好逃走，住在陀伯地區。有一群匪徒跟隨了他。

4 後來，亞捫人攻打以色列， 5 基列的眾長老就去陀伯請耶弗他， 6 對他說：「請你回來做統帥帶領我們對抗亞捫人。」 7 耶弗他說：「從前你們不是厭惡我，把我從父親家趕走的嗎？現在你們遭難，為什麼來找我？」 8 基列的眾長老說：「現在我們是來請你跟我們一起回去抵抗亞捫人，你可以做所有基列人的首領。」 9 耶弗他說：「如果我跟你們回去與亞捫人作戰，耶和華讓我打敗他們，我就真的可以做你們的首領嗎？」 10 基列的首領們說：「我們必聽從你的吩咐，有耶和華為我們作證。」 11 於是，耶弗他便跟他們一起回去。民眾擁立他做他們的首領和元帥。耶弗他在米斯巴將之前所說的話在耶和華面前重申一遍。

12 然後，他派遣使者去問亞捫王：「你與我有什麼相干？為什麼要攻打我的領土？」 13 亞捫王對他的使者說：「因為以色列人從埃及出來的時候佔據了我們的土地——從亞嫩河到雅博河，一直到約旦河。現在你們要乖乖地把這些土地還給我們。」 14 耶弗他再差遣使者去見亞捫王， 15 對他說：「以色列人並沒有佔據摩押和亞捫的土地。 16 當年以色列人離開埃及，經曠野渡過紅海來到加低斯， 17 然後派遣使者去見以東王，說，『求你讓我們經過你的領土。』以東王卻不答應。他們又派遣使者去見摩押王，摩押王也不答應。於是，以色列人就住在加低斯。 18 後來，他們走過曠野，繞過以東和摩押，到了摩押的東邊，在摩押的邊界亞嫩河東岸紮營，並沒有進入摩押境內。 19 以色列人派遣使者去見希實本的亞摩利王西宏，對他說，『求讓我們經過你的領土前往我們自己的土地。』 20 但西宏不信任以色列人，拒絕了他們的請求，並招聚全軍駐紮在雅雜，攻打他們。 21 但以色列的上帝耶和華幫助以色列人戰勝西宏和他的軍隊，佔領了他們所有的土地， 22 從亞嫩河直到雅博河，從曠野直到約旦河。 23 既然是以色列的上帝耶和華為祂的以色列子民趕走了亞摩利人，你憑什麼要奪取這塊土地？ 24 你擁有你們的神明基抹給你們的土地，我們也要擁有我們的上帝耶和華賜給我們的土地。 25 難道你比摩押王西撥的兒子巴勒更強嗎？他從未挑戰過以色列人，也未和以色列人交過戰。 26 三百年來，以色列人一直住在希實本及其周圍的鄉村、亞羅珥及其周圍的鄉村和亞嫩河沿岸一帶的城邑。在這期間，你們為什麼不收回這些土地呢？ 27 我們沒有得罪你們，你們卻攻打我們。願審判者耶和華今天在以色列人和亞捫人之間主持公道。」 28 可是，亞捫王不理會耶弗他派使者所傳的話。

29 那時，耶和華的靈降在耶弗他身上，他便經過基列和瑪拿西，來到基列的米斯巴，然後從那裡去迎戰亞捫人。 30 他向耶和華許願說：「如果你把亞捫人交在我手中， 31 讓我凱旋而歸，第一個從我家門出來迎接我的人必歸給你，我必把他獻給你作燔祭。」 32 於是，耶弗他率軍與亞捫人作戰，耶和華把敵人交在他手中， 33 他大敗敵軍，摧毀了從亞羅珥到米匿、遠至亞備勒·基拉明的二十座城。這樣，以色列人征服了亞捫人。

34 耶弗他返回自己在米斯巴的家，他的獨生女兒敲著鼓、跳著舞出來迎接他。 35 他一見自己的女兒，便撕裂衣服，說：「唉，我的女兒啊，你真讓我傷心欲絕！我向耶和華許了願，不能收回了！」 36 他女兒說：「父親啊，你既然向耶和華許了願，就照你許的願對待我吧！因為耶和華幫你打敗了敵軍亞捫人，為你報了仇。 37 但求你先給我兩個月的時間，讓我和同伴到山上去為我終身未嫁哀哭。」 38 耶弗他答應了，給了她兩個月的時間。於是，她便和同伴到山上為自己終身未嫁哀哭。 39 兩個月後，她回到父親那裡。她父親履行了自己所許的願。她終身未嫁。自此以後，在以色列有個習俗： 40 每年以色列的女子都去為基列人耶弗他的女兒哀哭四天。

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Judges 11
New International Version

11 Jephthah(A) the Gileadite was a mighty warrior.(B) His father was Gilead;(C) his mother was a prostitute.(D) 2 Gilead’s wife also bore him sons, and when they were grown up, they drove Jephthah away. “You are not going to get any inheritance in our family,” they said, “because you are the son of another woman.” 3 So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob,(E) where a gang of scoundrels(F) gathered around him and followed him.

4 Some time later, when the Ammonites(G) were fighting against Israel, 5 the elders of Gilead went to get Jephthah from the land of Tob. 6 “Come,” they said, “be our commander, so we can fight the Ammonites.”

7 Jephthah said to them, “Didn’t you hate me and drive me from my father’s house?(H) Why do you come to me now, when you’re in trouble?”

8 The elders of Gilead said to him, “Nevertheless, we are turning to you now; come with us to fight the Ammonites, and you will be head(I) over all of us who live in Gilead.”

9 Jephthah answered, “Suppose you take me back to fight the Ammonites and the Lord gives them to me—will I really be your head?”

10 The elders of Gilead replied, “The Lord is our witness;(J) we will certainly do as you say.” 11 So Jephthah went with the elders(K) of Gilead, and the people made him head and commander over them. And he repeated(L) all his words before the Lord in Mizpah.(M)

12 Then Jephthah sent messengers to the Ammonite king with the question: “What do you have against me that you have attacked my country?”

13 The king of the Ammonites answered Jephthah’s messengers, “When Israel came up out of Egypt, they took away my land from the Arnon(N) to the Jabbok,(O) all the way to the Jordan. Now give it back peaceably.”

14 Jephthah sent back messengers to the Ammonite king, 15 saying:

“This is what Jephthah says: Israel did not take the land of Moab(P) or the land of the Ammonites.(Q) 16 But when they came up out of Egypt, Israel went through the wilderness to the Red Sea[a](R) and on to Kadesh.(S) 17 Then Israel sent messengers(T) to the king of Edom, saying, ‘Give us permission to go through your country,’(U) but the king of Edom would not listen. They sent also to the king of Moab,(V) and he refused.(W) So Israel stayed at Kadesh.

18 “Next they traveled through the wilderness, skirted the lands of Edom(X) and Moab, passed along the eastern side(Y) of the country of Moab, and camped on the other side of the Arnon.(Z) They did not enter the territory of Moab, for the Arnon was its border.

19 “Then Israel sent messengers(AA) to Sihon king of the Amorites, who ruled in Heshbon,(AB) and said to him, ‘Let us pass through your country to our own place.’(AC) 20 Sihon, however, did not trust Israel[b] to pass through his territory. He mustered all his troops and encamped at Jahaz and fought with Israel.(AD)

21 “Then the Lord, the God of Israel, gave Sihon and his whole army into Israel’s hands, and they defeated them. Israel took over all the land of the Amorites who lived in that country, 22 capturing all of it from the Arnon to the Jabbok and from the desert to the Jordan.(AE)

23 “Now since the Lord, the God of Israel, has driven the Amorites out before his people Israel, what right have you to take it over? 24 Will you not take what your god Chemosh(AF) gives you? Likewise, whatever the Lord our God has given us,(AG) we will possess. 25 Are you any better than Balak son of Zippor,(AH) king of Moab? Did he ever quarrel with Israel or fight with them?(AI) 26 For three hundred years Israel occupied(AJ) Heshbon, Aroer,(AK) the surrounding settlements and all the towns along the Arnon. Why didn’t you retake them during that time? 27 I have not wronged you, but you are doing me wrong by waging war against me. Let the Lord, the Judge,(AL) decide(AM) the dispute this day between the Israelites and the Ammonites.(AN)”

28 The king of Ammon, however, paid no attention to the message Jephthah sent him.

29 Then the Spirit(AO) of the Lord came on Jephthah. He crossed Gilead and Manasseh, passed through Mizpah(AP) of Gilead, and from there he advanced against the Ammonites.(AQ) 30 And Jephthah made a vow(AR) to the Lord: “If you give the Ammonites into my hands, 31 whatever comes out of the door of my house to meet me when I return in triumph(AS) from the Ammonites will be the Lord’s, and I will sacrifice it as a burnt offering.(AT)”

32 Then Jephthah went over to fight the Ammonites, and the Lord gave them into his hands. 33 He devastated twenty towns from Aroer to the vicinity of Minnith,(AU) as far as Abel Keramim. Thus Israel subdued Ammon.

34 When Jephthah returned to his home in Mizpah, who should come out to meet him but his daughter, dancing(AV) to the sound of timbrels!(AW) She was an only child.(AX) Except for her he had neither son nor daughter. 35 When he saw her, he tore his clothes(AY) and cried, “Oh no, my daughter! You have brought me down and I am devastated. I have made a vow to the Lord that I cannot break.(AZ)”

36 “My father,” she replied, “you have given your word to the Lord. Do to me just as you promised,(BA) now that the Lord has avenged you(BB) of your enemies,(BC) the Ammonites. 37 But grant me this one request,” she said. “Give me two months to roam the hills and weep with my friends, because I will never marry.”

38 “You may go,” he said. And he let her go for two months. She and her friends went into the hills and wept because she would never marry. 39 After the two months, she returned to her father, and he did to her as he had vowed. And she was a virgin.

From this comes the Israelite tradition 40 that each year the young women of Israel go out for four days to commemorate the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 11:16 Or the Sea of Reeds
  2. Judges 11:20 Or however, would not make an agreement for Israel
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Judges 11
New English Translation

11 Now Jephthah the Gileadite was a brave warrior. His mother was a prostitute, but Gilead was his father.[a] 2 Gilead’s wife also gave[b] him sons. When his wife’s sons grew up, they made Jephthah leave and said to him, “You are not going to inherit any of our father’s wealth,[c] because you are another woman’s son.” 3 So Jephthah left[d] his half brothers[e] and lived in the land of Tob. Lawless men joined Jephthah’s gang and traveled with him.[f]

4 It was some time after this when the Ammonites fought with Israel. 5 When the Ammonites attacked,[g] the leaders[h] of Gilead asked Jephthah to come back[i] from the land of Tob. 6 They said,[j] “Come, be our commander, so we can fight with the Ammonites.” 7 Jephthah said to the leaders of Gilead, “But you hated me and made me leave[k] my father’s house. Why do you come to me now, when you are in trouble?” 8 The leaders of Gilead said to Jephthah, “That may be true,[l] but now we pledge to you our loyalty.[m] Come with us and fight with the Ammonites. Then you will become the leader[n] of all who live in Gilead.”[o] 9 Jephthah said to the leaders of Gilead, “All right.[p] If you take me back to fight with the Ammonites and the Lord gives them to me,[q] I will be your leader.”[r] 10 The leaders of Gilead said to Jephthah, “The Lord will judge any grievance you have against us,[s] if we do not do as you say.”[t] 11 So Jephthah went with the leaders of Gilead. The people made him their leader and commander. Jephthah repeated the terms of the agreement[u] before the Lord in Mizpah.

Jephthah Gives a History Lesson

12 Jephthah sent messengers to the Ammonite king, saying, “Why have[v] you come against me to attack my land?” 13 The Ammonite king said to Jephthah’s messengers, “Because Israel stole[w] my land when they[x] came up from Egypt—from the Arnon River in the south to the Jabbok River in the north, and as far west as the Jordan.[y] Now return it[z] peaceably!”

14 Jephthah sent messengers back to the Ammonite king 15 and said to him, “This is what Jephthah says, ‘Israel did not steal[aa] the land of Moab and the land of the Ammonites. 16 When they left[ab] Egypt, Israel traveled[ac] through the desert as far as the Red Sea and then came to Kadesh. 17 Israel sent messengers to the king of Edom, saying, “Please allow us[ad] to pass through your land.” But the king of Edom rejected the request.[ae] Israel sent the same request to the king of Moab, but he was unwilling to cooperate.[af] So Israel stayed at Kadesh. 18 Then Israel[ag] went through the wilderness and bypassed the land of Edom and the land of Moab. They traveled east of the land of Moab and camped on the other side of the Arnon River;[ah] they did not go through Moabite territory (the Arnon was Moab’s border). 19 Israel sent messengers to King Sihon, the Amorite king who ruled in Heshbon, and said to him, “Please allow us to pass through your land to our land.”[ai] 20 But Sihon did not trust Israel to pass through his territory. He[aj] assembled his whole army,[ak] camped in Jahaz, and fought with Israel. 21 The Lord God of Israel handed Sihon and his whole army over to Israel and they defeated them. Israel took[al] all the land of the Amorites who lived in that land. 22 They took all the Amorite territory from the Arnon River on the south to the Jabbok River on the north, from the desert in the east to the Jordan in the west.[am] 23 Since[an] the Lord God of Israel has driven out[ao] the Amorites before his people Israel, do you think you can just take it from them?[ap] 24 You have the right to take what Chemosh your god gives you, but we will take the land of all whom the Lord our God has driven out before us.[aq] 25 Are you really better than Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab? Did he dare to quarrel with Israel? Did he dare to fight with them?[ar] 26 Israel has been living in Heshbon and its nearby towns, in Aroer and its nearby towns, and in all the cities along the Arnon for 300 years! Why did you not reclaim them during that time? 27 I have not done you wrong,[as] but you are doing wrong[at] by attacking me. May the Lord, the Judge, judge this day between the Israelites and the Ammonites!’” 28 But the Ammonite king disregarded[au] the message sent by Jephthah.[av]

A Foolish Vow Spells Death for a Daughter

29 The Lord’s Spirit empowered[aw] Jephthah. He passed through Gilead and Manasseh and went[ax] to Mizpah in Gilead. From there he approached the Ammonites.[ay] 30 Jephthah made a vow to the Lord, saying, “If you really do hand the Ammonites over to me, 31 then whoever is the first to come through[az] the doors of my house to meet me when I return safely from fighting the Ammonites—he[ba] will belong to the Lord and[bb] I will offer him up as a burnt sacrifice.” 32 Jephthah approached[bc] the Ammonites to fight with them, and the Lord handed them over to him. 33 He defeated them from Aroer all the way to Minnith—twenty cities in all, even as far as Abel Keramim. He wiped them out![bd] The Israelites humiliated the Ammonites.[be]

34 When Jephthah came home to Mizpah, there was his daughter hurrying out[bf] to meet him, dancing to the rhythm of tambourines.[bg] She was his only child; except for her he had no son or daughter. 35 When he saw her, he ripped his clothes and said, “Oh no! My daughter! You have completely ruined me![bh] You have brought me disaster![bi] I made an oath to the Lord, and I cannot break it.”[bj] 36 She said to him, “My father, since[bk] you made an oath to the Lord, do to me as you promised.[bl] After all, the Lord vindicated you before[bm] your enemies, the Ammonites.” 37 She then said to her father, “Please grant me this one wish.[bn] For two months allow me to walk through the hills with my friends and mourn my virginity.”[bo] 38 He said, “You may go.” He permitted her to leave[bp] for two months. She went with her friends and mourned her virginity as she walked through the hills.[bq] 39 After two months she returned to her father, and he did to her as he had vowed. She died a virgin.[br] Her tragic death gave rise to a custom in Israel.[bs] 40 Every year[bt] Israelite women commemorate[bu] the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite for four days.[bv]

Footnotes

  1. Judges 11:1 tn Heb “Now he was the son of a woman, a prostitute, and Gilead fathered Jephthah.”
  2. Judges 11:2 tn Heb “bore.”
  3. Judges 11:2 tn Heb “in the house of our father.”
  4. Judges 11:3 tn Or “fled from.”
  5. Judges 11:3 tn Heb “brothers.”
  6. Judges 11:3 tn Heb “Empty men joined themselves to Jephthah and went out with him.”
  7. Judges 11:5 tn Heb “When the Ammonites fought with Israel.”
  8. Judges 11:5 tn Or “elders.”
  9. Judges 11:5 tn Heb “went to take Jephthah.”
  10. Judges 11:6 tn Heb “to Jephthah.”
  11. Judges 11:7 tn Heb “Did you not hate me and make me leave?”
  12. Judges 11:8 tn Heb “therefore”; “even so.” For MT לָכֵן (lakhen, “therefore”) the LXX has an opposite reading, “not so,” which seems to be based on the Hebrew words לֹא כֵן (loʾ khen).
  13. Judges 11:8 tn Heb “we have returned to you.” For another example of שׁוּב אֶל (shuv ʾel) in the sense of “give allegiance to,” see 1 Kgs 12:27b.
  14. Judges 11:8 sn Then you will become the leader. The leaders of Gilead now use the word רֹאשׁ (roʾsh, “head, leader”), the same term that appeared in their original, general offer (see 10:18). In their initial offer to Jephthah they had simply invited him to be their קָצִין (qatsin, “commander”; v. 6). When he resists they must offer him a more attractive reward—rulership over the region. See R. G. Boling, Judges (AB), 198.
  15. Judges 11:8 tn Heb “leader of us and all who live in Gilead.”
  16. Judges 11:9 tn “All right” is supplied in the translation for clarification.
  17. Judges 11:9 tn Heb “places them before me.”
  18. Judges 11:9 tn Some translate the final statement as a question, “will I really be your leader?” An affirmative sentence is preferable. Jephthah is repeating the terms of the agreement in an official manner. In v. 10 the leaders legally agree to these terms.
  19. Judges 11:10 tn Heb “The Lord will be the one who hears between us.” For the idiom שָׁמַע בַּיִן (shamaʿ bayin, “to hear between”), see Deut 1:16.
  20. Judges 11:10 sn The Lord will judge…if we do not do as you say. The statement by the leaders of Gilead takes the form of a legally binding oath, which obligates them to the terms of the agreement.
  21. Judges 11:11 tn Heb “spoke all his words.” This probably refers to the “words” recorded in v. 9. Jephthah repeats the terms of the agreement at the Lord’s sanctuary, perhaps to ratify the contract or to emphasize the Gileadites’ obligation to keep their part of the bargain. Another option is to translate, “Jephthah conducted business before the Lord in Mizpah.” In this case, the statement is a general reference to the way Jephthah ruled. He recognized the Lord’s authority and made his decisions before the Lord.
  22. Judges 11:12 tn Heb “What to me and to you that…?”
  23. Judges 11:13 tn Or “took”; or “seized.”
  24. Judges 11:13 tn Heb “he” (a collective singular).
  25. Judges 11:13 tn Heb “from the Arnon to the Jabbok and to the Jordan.” The word “River” has been supplied in the translation with “Arnon” and “Jabbok,” because these are less familiar to modern readers than the Jordan.
  26. Judges 11:13 tc The translation assumes a singular suffix (“[return] it”); the Hebrew text has a plural suffix (“[return] them”), which, if retained, might refer to the cities of the land.
  27. Judges 11:15 tn Or “take”; or “seize.”
  28. Judges 11:16 tn Heb “For when they went up from.”
  29. Judges 11:16 tn Or “went.”
  30. Judges 11:17 tn Heb “me.” (Collective Israel is the speaker.)
  31. Judges 11:17 tn Heb “did not listen.”
  32. Judges 11:17 tn Heb “Also to the king of Moab he sent, but he was unwilling.”
  33. Judges 11:18 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Israel; the pronoun in the Hebrew text represents a collective singular) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  34. Judges 11:18 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
  35. Judges 11:19 tn Heb “to my place.”
  36. Judges 11:20 tn Heb “Sihon.” The proper name (“Sihon”) has been replaced in the translation by the pronoun (“he”) because of English style; a repetition of the proper name here would be redundant in English.
  37. Judges 11:20 tn Heb “all his people” (also in the following verse).
  38. Judges 11:21 tn That is, took as its own possession.
  39. Judges 11:22 tn Heb “from the Arnon to the Jabbok, and from the desert to the Jordan.” The word “River” has been supplied in the translation with “Arnon” and “Jabbok,” because these are less familiar to modern readers than the Jordan.
  40. Judges 11:23 tn Heb “Now.”
  41. Judges 11:23 tn Or “dispossessed.”
  42. Judges 11:23 tn Heb “will you dispossess him [i.e., Israel; or possibly “it,” i.e., the territory]?” There is no interrogative marker in the Hebrew text.
  43. Judges 11:24 tn Heb “Is it not so that what Chemosh your god causes you to possess, you possess, and all whom the Lord our God dispossesses before us we will possess?” Jephthah speaks of Chemosh as if he is on a par with the Lord God of Israel. This does not necessarily mean that Jephthah is polytheistic or that he recognizes the Lord as only a local deity. He may simply be assuming the Ammonite king’s perspective for the sake of argument. Other texts, as well as the extrabiblical Mesha inscription, associate Chemosh with Moab, while Milcom is identified as the god of the Ammonites. Why then does Jephthah refer to Chemosh as the Ammonite god? Ammon had likely conquered Moab and the Ammonite king probably regarded himself as heir of all territory formerly held by Moab. Originally Moab had owned the disputed territory (cf. Num 21:26-29), meaning that Chemosh was regarded as the god of the region (see R. G. Boling, Judges [AB], 203-4). Jephthah argues that Chemosh had long ago relinquished claim to the area (by allowing Sihon to conquer it), while the Lord had long ago established jurisdiction over it (by taking it from Sihon and giving it to Israel). Both sides should abide by the decisions of the gods which had stood firm for 300 years.
  44. Judges 11:25 tn The Hebrew grammatical constructions of all three rhetorical questions indicate emphasis, which “really” and “dare to” are intended to express in the translation. sn Jephthah argues that the Ammonite king should follow the example of Balak, who, once thwarted in his attempt to bring a curse on Israel, refused to attack Israel and returned home (Num 22-24).
  45. Judges 11:27 tn Or “sinned against you.”
  46. Judges 11:27 tn Or “evil.”
  47. Judges 11:28 tn Heb “did not listen to.”
  48. Judges 11:28 tn Heb “Jephthah’s words which he sent to him.”
  49. Judges 11:29 tn Heb “was on.”
  50. Judges 11:29 tn Heb “passed through.”
  51. Judges 11:29 tn Heb “From Mizpah in Gilead he passed through [to] the Ammonites.”
  52. Judges 11:31 tn Heb “the one coming out, who comes out from.” The text uses a masculine singular participle with prefixed article, followed by a relative pronoun and third masculine singular verb. The substantival masculine singular participle הַיּוֹצֵא (hayyotseʾ, “the one coming out”) is used elsewhere of inanimate objects (such as a desert [Num 21:13] or a word [Num 32:24]) or persons (Jer 5:6; 21:9; 38:2). In each case context must determine the referent. Jephthah may have envisioned an animal meeting him, since the construction of Iron Age houses would allow for an animal coming through the doors of a house (see R. G. Boling, Judges [AB], 208). But the fact that he actually does offer up his daughter indicates the language of the vow is fluid enough to encompass human beings, including women. He probably intended such an offering from the very beginning, but he obviously did not expect his daughter to meet him first.
  53. Judges 11:31 tn The language is fluid enough to include women and perhaps even animals, but the translation uses the masculine pronoun because the Hebrew form is grammatically masculine.
  54. Judges 11:31 tn Some translate “or,” suggesting that Jephthah makes a distinction between humans and animals. According to this view, if a human comes through the door, then Jephthah will commit him/her to the Lord’s service, but if an animal comes through the doors, he will offer it up as a sacrifice. However, it is far more likely that the Hebrew construction (vav [ו] + perfect) specifies how the subject will become the Lord’s, that is, by being offered up as a sacrifice. For similar constructions, where the apodosis of a conditional sentence has at least two perfects (each with vav) in sequence, see Gen 34:15-16; Exod 18:16.
  55. Judges 11:32 tn Heb “passed over to.”
  56. Judges 11:33 tn Heb “with a very great slaughter.”
  57. Judges 11:33 tn Heb “The Ammonites were humbled before the Israelites.”
  58. Judges 11:34 tn Heb “Look! His daughter was coming out.”
  59. Judges 11:34 tn Heb “with tambourines and dancing.”
  60. Judges 11:35 tn Heb “you have brought me very low,” or “you have knocked me to my knees.” The infinitive absolute precedes the verb for emphasis.
  61. Judges 11:35 tn Heb “You are among [or “like”] those who trouble me.”
  62. Judges 11:35 tn Heb “I opened my mouth to the Lord and I am not able to return.”
  63. Judges 11:36 tn The conjunction “since” is supplied in the translation for clarification.
  64. Judges 11:36 tn Heb “you opened your mouth to the Lord, do to me according to [what] went out from your mouth.”
  65. Judges 11:36 tn Or “has given you vengeance against.”
  66. Judges 11:37 tn Heb “Let this thing be done for me.”
  67. Judges 11:37 tn Heb “Leave me alone for two months so I can go and go down on the hills and weep over my virginity—I and my friends.”
  68. Judges 11:38 tn Heb “he sent her.”
  69. Judges 11:38 tn Heb “on the hills.” The words “as she walked” are supplied.
  70. Judges 11:39 tn Heb “She had never known a man.” Some understand this to mean that her father committed her to a life of celibacy, but the disjunctive clause (note the vav + subject + verb pattern) more likely describes her condition at the time the vow was fulfilled. (See G. F. Moore, Judges [ICC], 302-3; C. F. Burney, Judges, 324.) She died a virgin and never experienced the joys of marriage and motherhood.
  71. Judges 11:39 tn Heb “There was a custom in Israel.”
  72. Judges 11:40 tn Heb “From days to days,” a Hebrew idiom for “annually.”
  73. Judges 11:40 tn Heb “go to commemorate.” The rare Hebrew verb תָּנָה (tanah, “to tell; to repeat; to recount”) occurs only here and in 5:11.
  74. Judges 11:40 tn The Hebrew text adds, “in the year.” This is redundant (note “every year” at the beginning of the verse) and has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.
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