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哥林多前書 15
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

基督的復活

15 弟兄姊妹，我希望你們記住我傳給你們的福音，就是你們曾經領受，向來堅持的福音。 2 你們若持守我傳給你們的，必因這福音而得救——除非你們沒有真正相信。

3 我所領受並傳給你們的最重要的信息是：基督照聖經的記載為我們的罪死了， 4 然後被埋葬了；又照聖經的記載在第三天復活了， 5 並曾向彼得顯現，又向十二使徒顯現； 6 後來有一次向五百多位弟兄姊妹顯現，其中有許多至今依然健在，也有些已經安息了； 7 隨後，祂向雅各顯現，又向眾使徒顯現； 8 到最後，竟也向我這好像未按產期出生[a]的人顯現。

9 在眾使徒中我最微不足道，根本不配稱為使徒，因為我曾迫害上帝的教會。 10 但靠著上帝的恩典，我成了今天的我，祂賜給我的恩典沒有枉費。我比其他人更加賣力，不過我不是靠自己，而是上帝的恩典與我同在。 11 不論是我傳的還是其他使徒傳的，我們怎樣傳，你們也怎樣相信了。

死人復活

12 既然我們一直都在傳揚基督已經從死裡復活，怎麼你們當中卻有些人否定死人復活的事呢？ 13 要是沒有死人復活的事，基督也就沒有復活。 14 如果基督沒有復活，我們所傳的就是虛空，你們所信的也是虛空， 15 而且，我們就是在為上帝做假見證，因為我們見證上帝已經使基督復活了。如果沒有死人復活的事，上帝也就沒有叫基督復活。 16 如果人死了不會復活，基督也就沒有復活。 17 如果基督沒有復活，你們的信仰就是虛空，你們依舊沉淪在罪中， 18 那些在基督裡安息的人也滅亡了。 19 如果我們對基督的盼望只在今世，我們就是世上最可憐的人。

20 然而，基督已經從死裡復活，祂是死人中第一個復活的[b]。 21 既然死亡的到來是藉著一人，復活的到來也是藉著一人。 22 因為正如在亞當裡眾人都死了，同樣，在基督裡眾人也都要復活。 23 然而，各人要按照先後次序復活。基督最先復活，以後祂再來時，屬祂的人也要復活。 24 最後末日來臨，那時基督會廢除一切執政的、掌權的、有能力的，將國度交給父上帝。 25 因為基督必執掌王權，直到上帝將所有的仇敵都放在祂腳下。 26 祂最後要毀滅的仇敵就是死亡。 27 因為聖經上說：「上帝使萬物降服在祂腳下。」當然，這裡說的「萬物都降服祂」不包括使萬物降服祂的上帝。 28 到了萬物都歸服基督以後，聖子基督也要歸服那使萬物歸服祂的上帝，使上帝做萬物的主宰。

29 否則，那些人代替死人受洗有什麼意義呢？死人如果不會復活，為什麼要代替他們受洗呢？ 30 我們又何必時刻身臨險境呢？ 31 我天天與死亡搏鬥。弟兄姊妹，我這樣說，就跟我在主基督耶穌裡以你們為榮一樣，沒有半點虛假。 32 從人的角度看，我在以弗所與那些「惡獸」格鬥對我有什麼益處呢？如果死人不會復活，「讓我們吃喝吧！因為明天我們就死了。」 33 你們不要上當受騙，「交壞朋友會敗壞好品德」。 34 你們該醒悟了！不要繼續犯罪，因為你們當中有些人不認識上帝。我說這話是要叫你們羞愧。

復活後的身體

35 或許有人會問：「死人怎樣復活呢？復活後會有怎樣的身體呢？」 36 無知的人啊！你們種下的種子必須先死，然後才能生長。 37 而且，你們種下的並不是那將來要長成的形體，僅僅是種子，或麥種，或其他種子。 38 上帝按自己的旨意賜給種子形體，每個種子都有自己的形體。 39 血肉之體各不相同，人、魚、鳥、獸都各有不同的形體。

40 此外，有天上的形體，也有地上的形體，兩者的榮光各不相同。 41 日有日的榮光，月有月的榮光，星有星的榮光，這顆星和那顆星的榮光也有分別。

42 死人復活也是同樣的道理。種下去的會朽壞，復活的不會朽壞； 43 種下去的是羞恥的，復活的是榮耀的；種下去的是軟弱的，復活的是剛強的； 44 種下去的是血肉之軀，復活的是屬靈的形體。既有血肉之軀，也必有屬靈的形體。 45 聖經上也說：「第一個亞當成了有生命的人」，但末後的亞當是賜人生命的靈。 46 先有的不是屬靈的形體，而是血肉之軀，以後才有屬靈的形體。 47 第一個人亞當來自地上，是用塵土造的，但第二個人基督來自天上。 48 塵土所造的那位是什麼樣，屬地的人也是什麼樣；從天而來的那位是什麼樣，屬天的人也是什麼樣。 49 我們既然有屬地的形像，將來也必有屬天的形像。

50 弟兄姊妹，我告訴你們，血肉之軀不能承受上帝的國，必朽壞的身體也不能承受永不朽壞的產業。 51 聽著，我要告訴你們一個奧祕：我們並不是都要死亡[c]，乃是都要改變—— 52 就在一剎那，眨眼之間，最後的號角吹響的時候。因為號角一吹響，死人就要復活成為永不朽壞的，我們也要改變。 53 那時，這必朽的身體要變成不朽的，這必死的要變成不死的。 54 當這一切發生的時候，就應驗了聖經上的話：

「死亡被勝利吞滅了。」
55 「死亡啊！你得勝的權勢在哪裡？
死亡啊！你的毒鉤在哪裡？」

56 死亡的毒鉤就是罪，罪藉著律法施展它的權勢。 57 但感謝上帝，祂使我們靠著主耶穌基督得勝。

58 所以，我親愛的弟兄姊妹，你們務要堅定不移，總要竭力做主的工作，因為你們知道自己在主裡面的辛勤付出不會白費。

Footnotes

  1. 15·8 保羅用「未按產期出生」來指自己非比尋常的蒙召經歷。
  2. 15·20 「是死人中第一個復活的」希臘文是「成為已經睡了之人初熟的果子」。
  3. 15·51 「死亡」希臘文是「睡覺」。
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歌 林 多 前 書 15
Chinese New Testament: Easy-to-Read Version

关于基督的福音

15 兄弟们，现在我要提醒你们记住我曾向你们传播的福音。你们接受了它，并在它之中继续得到力量。 2 如果你们恪守我传给你们的道，这信息就会使你们得到拯救，否则，你们就是在空洞地信。

3 我把自己领受到的信息传给了你们。我告诉你们，最重要的是：基督为我们的罪恶而死，正如《经》上所说的那样： 4 他被安葬了，又按照《经》上所说的那样，在第三天复活了， 5 他还出现在彼得 [a]面前，接着，出现在十二名使徒面前。 6 然后又在五百个兄弟面前同时出现。这些兄弟大部分人至今还活着，尽管有些已死了。 7 接着他又出现在雅各面前，然后又出现在所有的使徒面前， 8 最后，他还出现在我的面前，就好像我不是在正常情况下出生的。 9 因为我在使徒中最渺小，甚至不配被称作使徒，因为我曾经迫害过上帝的教会。 10 但由于上帝的恩典，我成为今天的我。他对我的恩典没有白费。我比其他使徒工作更努力，（但是，真正工作的那位并不是我，而是与我同在的上帝的恩典。） 11 因此，不论是我还是其他使徒，我们所传播的都是同样的事情，也就是你们所信的。

我们会死而复生

12 既然我们宣讲基督死而复活，你们中间怎么却有人说没有死而复活的事呢？ 13 假如没有死而复活的事，那么基督也就没有死而复活。 14 假如基督没有死而复活，我们的传教就一钱不值，你们的信仰也一钱不值。 15 并且我们也是在为上帝做假证，因为我们在上帝面前发誓作证说，他使耶稣从死里复活了。假如死人真不能复活，上帝就不曾使耶稣复活了。 16 如果死人不能复活，那么，基督也就没有复活了。 17 如果基督没有从死里复活，你们的信仰就是徒劳的，你们就仍然处在罪恶之中， 18 而且在基督里死去的人也已经灭亡了。 19 如果我们信基督的人的希望仅仅在于尘世的今生，那么我们就是全人类中最可悲的了。

20 但是，基督确实从死里复活了，他是所有沉睡在死亡之中的信徒的第一位复活者。 21 既然死亡来自于一个人，那么，死者复活也是来自于一个人。 22 正如众人皆为亚当死，同样，他们也皆因基督而活。 23 不过，每个人都有自己的次序。基督是第一个复活的，其次是当他再来时那些属于他的人。 24 然后，终结将会到来，到那时，基督将毁灭所有的统治者、当权者和所有的势力，把王国交给天父上帝。 25 基督一定要统治到上帝把基督的敌人都置于他的脚下为止。 26 最后将要被摧毁的敌人是死亡。 27 因为他说∶“上帝把一切都置于他的脚下。”《经》上说的“一切”都已经置于基督之下，显然，不包括上帝自己。正是上帝置一切于基督之下的。 28 做完这些，圣子本人才会被置于一切于他（圣子）之下的上帝之下。以便让上帝彻底地成为君临一切的万物之主。

29 如果人绝对不会从死里复活，那么那些为死人受洗礼的人在做什么呢？如果死人绝对不会复活，为什么人们还为他们受洗呢？

30 我们为什么会时时刻刻面临危险呢？ 31 我每天都面临死亡。兄弟们，这是真的，我以在主基督耶稣内为你们感到自豪而起誓。 32 如果我在以弗所与野兽博斗，仅仅是出于人的动机，我得到什么了呢？。如果死人不能复活，那么，“让我们吃吧喝吧，因为明天我们就要死去。”

33 不要上当受骗，“坏朋友会毁掉好习惯。” 34 你们现在应该清醒，不要再犯罪了。因为你们有人对上帝一无所知。我说这些，是为了让你们感到羞愧。

我们会有什么样的身体呢？

35 但是，也许有些人会问∶“死者怎样复活呢？他们会有什么样的身体呢？” 36 你们是多么地愚蠢啊！你们播的种子，除非先死去，否则就不会发芽生长。 37 你们播种的与后来要长成的“身体”并不一样。你们播种的东西只是一粒种子，或许是小麦种子，或是其它的种子。 38 上帝按照自己的决定，赋予它一个形体，并给了每一类种子它们自己的形体。 39 生物的肉体也不尽相同。人有人体，兽有兽体，鸟类有鸟类的形体，鱼类有鱼类的形体。 40 还有天体和地形。然而，天体有天体的光辉，地形有地形的光辉。 41 太阳有太阳的光辉，月亮有月亮的光辉，星星又有星星的光辉，而星星之间的光辉又不尽一致。

42 死者的复活也是如此。埋在土里的身体是易腐的，复活的身体却永不会腐朽； 43 入土的身体没有荣耀，复活的身体是荣耀的；入土的身体是软弱的，复活的身体是强壮的； 44 入土的是血肉之躯，复活的是属灵的身体。既然有血肉之躯，也就有属灵的身体。

45 《经》上说∶“第一个人，亚当成为一个活生生的人。”但是最后一个（基督）亚当是赐生命之灵。 46 先出现的不是属灵的，而是血肉之人。属灵的是在其后出现的。 47 第一个来自尘世的人由泥土所造。第二个人来自天堂。 48 属尘世的人，都像那个来自尘世的；属天的人，则都像那个来自天堂的人。 49 正如我们具有属尘世人的形象一样，我们也会具有那属天堂之人的形象。

50 兄弟们，我告诉你们：我们的血肉之躯不能继承上帝的王国；必朽的不能继承那不朽的。 听着，我告诉你们一个秘密，在最后的号声吹响之际，我们不会都死，但都会在眨眼之间迅速地改变，因为号角会吹响，死人将复活而成不朽，我们活着的人也会改变。 53 必朽的身体必须披上不朽的，垂死的身体必须披上不朽的。 54 当会腐朽的身体披上了不朽之身，垂死的身体穿上不死的外衣时，《经》上所说的就会实现：

“死亡在胜利中被吞没。” (A)

55 “死亡，你的胜利在哪里？
死亡，你伤害的力量在哪里？” (B)

56 伤害的死亡力量是罪，罪的力量是律法。 57 但是，感谢上帝！他通过我们的主耶稣基督赐给我们胜利。

58 因此，我亲爱的兄弟们，要站稳脚根，不要动摇，要一贯把自己完全彻底地奉献给主的事业，因为你们知道在主内工作绝不会是徒劳的。

Footnotes

  1. 歌 林 多 前 書 15:5 彼得： 阿拉米语“矶法”。
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哥林多前书 15
Chinese New Version (Simplified)

基督照圣经所记的复活了

15 弟兄们，我要把我从前传给你们的福音向你们讲明。这福音你们已经领受了，并且靠着它站立得稳。 2 你们若持守我所传给你们的道，就必靠这福音得救，不然就是徒然相信了。 3 我从前领受了又传交给你们那最要紧的，就是基督照着圣经所记的，为我们的罪死了， 4 又埋葬了，又照着圣经所记的，第三天复活了； 5 并且曾经向矶法显现，然后向十二使徒显现。 6 以后又有一次向五百多个弟兄显现。他们中间大多数到现今还在，也有些已经睡了。 7 以后也向雅各显现，再后又向众使徒显现， 8 最后也向我显现；我好象一个未到产期而生的人。 9 我原是使徒中最小的，本来没有资格称为使徒，因为我曾经迫害　神的教会。 10 然而靠着　神的恩典，我得以有了今天，而且他赐给我的恩典并没有落空；我比众使徒格外劳苦，其实不是我，而是　神的恩典与我同在。 11 因此，不论是我，或是众使徒，我们这样传，你们也这样信了。

死人都要复活

12 我们既然传基督从死人中复活了，你们中间怎么有人说没有死人复活呢？ 13 倘若没有死人复活的事，基督也就没有复活了。 14 如果基督没有复活，我们所传的就是枉然，你们的信也是枉然， 15 我们也会被人认为是替　神作假见证的了，因为我们为　神作过见证说，他使基督复活了。如果死人没有复活，　神也就没有使基督复活了。 16 因为如果死人没有复活，基督也就没有复活。 17 基督若没有复活，你们的信就是徒然，你们仍在你们的罪里。 18 那么，在基督里睡了的人也就灭亡了。 19 如果我们在基督里只在今生有盼望，就比所有人更可怜了。

20 现在基督已经从死人中复活，成为睡了的人初熟的果子。 21 死既借着一人而来，死人复活也借着一人而来。 22 在亚当里众人都死了，照样，在基督里众人也都要复活； 23 只是各人要按着自己的次序：初熟的果子是基督，以后，在他来的时候，是那些属基督的人。 24 再后，末期到了的时候，基督把所有的统治者、掌权者和有能者都毁灭了，就把国度交给父　神。 25 因为基督必要作王，直到　神把所有的仇敌都放在他的脚下。 26 最后要毁灭的仇敌就是死， 27 因为经上记着说：“他使万物都服在他脚下。”既然说万物都服了他，显然那使万物服他的就不包括在内了。 28 等到万物都服了他，那时子自己也要服那位叫万物服他的，好使　神在万有之上。

29 不然，那些为死人受洗的，是为了甚么呢？如果死人根本不会复活，那么为甚么要为他们受洗呢？ 30 我们又为甚么时刻冒险呢？ 31 弟兄们，我是天天冒死的，这是我凭着我在我们的主耶稣基督里，因你们而夸口说的。 32 我在以弗所和野兽搏斗，如果照着人的意思来看，那对我有甚么益处呢？如果死人不会复活，

“我们就吃吃喝喝吧，

因为我们明天就要死了。”

33 你们不要自欺，

“滥交朋友是会败坏品德的。”

34 你们理当醒悟过来，不要犯罪，因为你们中间有人不认识　神；我说这话是要你们羞愧。

复活的身体

35 但有人会说：“死人怎样复活呢？要带着怎么样的身体来呢？” 36 无知的人哪，你所种的若不死去，就不能生。 37 你们所种的，不是那将来要长成的形体，只不过是一粒种子，也许是麦子或别的种子。 38 但　神随着自己的意思给它一个形体，给每一样种子各有自己的形体。 39 而且各种身体也都不一样，人有人的身体，兽有兽的身体，鸟有鸟的身体，鱼有鱼的身体。 40 有天上的形体，也有地上的形体；天上形体的荣光是一样，地上形体的荣光又是一样。 41 太阳有太阳的荣光，月亮有月亮的荣光，星星有星星的荣光，而且每一颗星的荣光也都不同。

42 死人复活也是这样。所种的是必朽坏的，复活的是不朽坏的； 43 所种的是卑贱的，复活的是荣耀的；所种的是软弱的，复活的是有能力的； 44 所种的是属血气的身体，复活的是属灵的身体。既然有属血气的身体，也会有属灵的身体。 45 经上也是这样记着说：“第一个人亚当成了有生命的活人，末后的亚当成了使人活的灵。” 46 但那首先的不是属灵的，而是属血气的，然后才有属灵的。 47 第一个人是出于地，是属土的；第二个人是出于天。 48 那属土的怎样，所有属土的也都怎样；属天的怎样，所有属天的也都怎样。 49 我们既然有了属土的形象，将来也必有属天的形象。

50 弟兄们，我告诉你们，血肉之体不能承受　神的国，必朽坏的也不能承受那不朽坏的。 51-52 我现在把一个奥秘告诉你们：我们不是都要睡觉，而是在一剎那，眨眼之间，就是号角最后一次吹响的时候，我们都要改变；因为号角要吹响，死人要复活，成为不朽坏的，我们也要改变。 53 这必朽坏的必须穿上不朽坏的，这必死的必须穿上不死的； 54 这必朽坏的既穿上了不朽坏的，这必死的既穿上了不死的，那时，经上的话就应验了：

“胜利了！死亡已经被吞灭。

55 死亡啊！你的胜利在哪里？

死亡啊！你的毒刺在哪里？”

56 死的毒刺就是罪，罪的权势就是律法。 57 感谢　神，他借着我们的主耶稣基督，把胜利赐给我们。 58 所以，我亲爱的弟兄们，你们务要坚固，不可动摇，常常竭力多作主工，因为知道你们的劳苦，在主里面不是徒然的。

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1 Corinthians 15
New English Translation

Christ’s Resurrection

15 Now I want to make clear for you,[a] brothers and sisters,[b] the gospel that I preached to you, that you received and on which you stand, 2 and by which you are being saved, if you hold firmly to the message I preached to you—unless you believed in vain. 3 For I passed on to you as of first importance[c] what I also received—that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures, 4 and that he was buried, and that he was raised[d] on the third day according to the scriptures, 5 and that he appeared to Cephas,[e] then to the twelve. 6 Then he appeared to more than 500 of the brothers and sisters[f] at one time, most of whom are still alive,[g] though some have fallen asleep.[h] 7 Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles. 8 Last of all, as though to one born at the wrong time,[i] he appeared to me also. 9 For I am the least of the apostles, unworthy to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. 10 But by the grace of God I am what I am, and his grace to me has not been in vain. In fact, I worked harder than all of them—yet not I, but the grace of God with me. 11 Whether then it was I or they, this is the way we preach and this is the way you believed.

No Resurrection?

12 Now if Christ is being preached as raised from the dead,[j] how can some of you say there is no resurrection of the dead? 13 But if there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised. 14 And if Christ has not been raised, then our preaching is futile and your faith is empty. 15 Also, we are found to be false witnesses about God, because we have testified against God that he raised Christ from the dead, when in reality he did not raise him, if indeed the dead are not raised. 16 For if the dead are not raised, then not even Christ has been raised. 17 And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is useless; you are still in your sins. 18 Furthermore, those who have fallen asleep[k] in Christ have also perished. 19 For if only in this life we have hope in Christ, we should be pitied more than anyone.

20 But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep. 21 For since death came through a man,[l] the resurrection of the dead also came through a man.[m] 22 For just as in Adam all die, so also in Christ all will be made alive. 23 But each in his own order: Christ, the firstfruits; then when Christ comes, those who belong to him.[n] 24 Then[o] comes the end,[p] when he hands over the kingdom to God the Father, when he has brought to an end all rule and all authority and power. 25 For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. 26 The last enemy to be eliminated is death. 27 For he has put everything in subjection under his feet.[q] But when it says “everything” has been put in subjection, it is clear that this does not include the one who put everything in subjection to him. 28 And when all things are subjected to him, then the Son himself will be subjected to the one who subjected everything to him, so that God may be all in all.

29 Otherwise, what will those do who are baptized for the dead?[r] If the dead are not raised at all, then why are they baptized for them? 30 Why too are we in danger every hour? 31 Every day I am in danger of death! This is as sure as[s] my boasting in you,[t] which I have in Christ Jesus our Lord. 32 If from a human point of view I fought with wild beasts at Ephesus, what did it benefit me? If the dead are not raised, let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.[u] 33 Do not be deceived: “Bad company corrupts good morals.”[v] 34 Sober up as you should, and stop sinning! For some have no knowledge of God—I say this to your shame!

The Resurrection Body

35 But someone will say, “How are the dead raised? With what kind of body will they come?” 36 Fool! What you sow will not come to life unless it dies. 37 And what you sow is not the body that is to be, but a bare seed[w]—perhaps of wheat or something else. 38 But God gives it a body just as he planned, and to each of the seeds a body of its own. 39 All flesh is not the same: People have one flesh, animals have another, birds and fish another.[x] 40 And there are heavenly bodies and earthly bodies. The glory of the heavenly body is one sort and the earthly another. 41 There is one glory of the sun, and another glory of the moon and another glory of the stars, for star differs from star in glory.

42 It is the same with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable, what is raised is imperishable.[y] 43 It is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory; it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power; 44 it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. 45 So also it is written, “The first man, Adam, became a living person”;[z] the last Adam became a life-giving spirit. 46 However, the spiritual did not come first, but the natural, and then the spiritual. 47 The first man is from the earth, made of dust; the second man is from heaven. 48 Like the one made of dust, so too are those made of dust, and like the one from heaven, so too those who are heavenly. 49 And just as we have borne the image of the man of dust, let us also bear[aa] the image of the man of heaven.

50 Now this is what I am saying, brothers and sisters:[ab] Flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable. 51 Listen,[ac] I will tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep,[ad] but we will all be changed— 52 in a moment, in the blinking[ae] of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed. 53 For this perishable body must put on the imperishable, and this mortal body must put on immortality. 54 Now when this perishable puts on the imperishable, and this mortal puts on immortality, then the saying that is written will happen,

“Death has been swallowed up in victory.”[af]
55 “Where, O death, is your victory?
Where, O death, is your sting?”[ag]

56 The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. 57 But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ! 58 So then, dear brothers and sisters,[ah] be firm. Do not be moved! Always be outstanding in the work of the Lord, knowing that your labor is not in vain in the Lord.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 15:1 tn Grk “Now I make known to you.”
  2. 1 Corinthians 15:1 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:10.
  3. 1 Corinthians 15:3 tn Grk “among (the) first things.”
  4. 1 Corinthians 15:4 tn Grk “he has been raised/is raised,” using a Greek tense that points to the present effect of the act of raising him. But in English idiom the temporal phrase “on the third day” requires a different translation of the verb.
  5. 1 Corinthians 15:5 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
  6. 1 Corinthians 15:6 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:10.
  7. 1 Corinthians 15:6 tn Grk “most of whom remain until now.”
  8. 1 Corinthians 15:6 tn The verb κοιμάω (koimaō) literally means “sleep,” but it is often used in the Bible as a euphemism for death when speaking of believers. This metaphorical usage by its very nature emphasizes the hope of resurrection: Believers will one day “wake up” out of death. Here the term refers to death, but “sleep” was used in the translation to emphasize the metaphorical, rhetorical usage of the term.
  9. 1 Corinthians 15:8 sn One born at the wrong time. The Greek word used here (ἔκτρωμα, ektrōma) refers to a premature birth, a miscarriage, or an aborted child. Paul uses it as a powerful figure of the unexpected, abnormal nature of his apostolic call.
  10. 1 Corinthians 15:12 tn Grk “that he has been raised from the dead.”
  11. 1 Corinthians 15:18 tn See the note on the word “asleep” in 15:6. This term is also used in v. 20.
  12. 1 Corinthians 15:21 tn Or “through a human being” (a reference to Adam).
  13. 1 Corinthians 15:21 tn Or “through a human being” (a reference to Jesus Christ).
  14. 1 Corinthians 15:23 tn Grk “then those who belong to Christ, at his coming.”
  15. 1 Corinthians 15:24 tn This is a continuation of the previous sentence in the Greek text. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
  16. 1 Corinthians 15:24 tn Grk “then the end” or “then (is) the end.” Paul explains how the “end” relates to resurrection in vv. 25-28.
  17. 1 Corinthians 15:27 sn A quotation from Ps 8:6.
  18. 1 Corinthians 15:29 sn Many suggestions have been offered for the puzzling expression baptized for the dead. There are up to 200 different explanations for the passage; a summary is given by K. C. Thompson, “I Corinthians 15, 29 and Baptism for the Dead,” Studia Evangelica 2.1 (TU 87), 647-59. The most likely interpretation is that some Corinthians had undergone baptism to bear witness to the faith of fellow believers who had died without experiencing that rite themselves. Paul’s reference to the practice here is neither a recommendation nor a condemnation. He simply uses it as evidence from the lives of the Corinthians themselves to bolster his larger argument, begun in 15:12, that resurrection from the dead is a present reality in Christ and a future reality for them. Whatever they may have proclaimed, the Corinthians’ actions demonstrated that they had hope for a bodily resurrection.
  19. 1 Corinthians 15:31 tn Or, more literally, “I swear by the boasting in you.”
  20. 1 Corinthians 15:31 tc ‡ Although the witnesses for the shorter reading (P46 D F G Ψ 075 0243 1739 1881 M) are not as strong as for the addition of ἀδελφοί (adelphoi, “brothers”) at this juncture (א A B K P 33 81 104 365 1175 2464 lat sy co), it is difficult to find a reason why scribes would either intentionally or unintentionally drop the address here. Thus, the shorter reading is slightly preferred.
  21. 1 Corinthians 15:32 sn An allusion to Isa 22:13; 56:12.
  22. 1 Corinthians 15:33 sn A quotation from the poet Menander, Thais 218, which Paul uses in a proverbial sense.
  23. 1 Corinthians 15:37 tn Grk “and what you sow, you do not sow the body that will be, but a bare seed.”
  24. 1 Corinthians 15:39 tn Grk “all flesh is not the same flesh, but there is one (flesh) of people, but another flesh of animals and another flesh of birds and another of fish.”
  25. 1 Corinthians 15:42 tn Grk “it is sown in corruption, it is raised in incorruption.” The “it” refers to the body, as v. 44 shows.
  26. 1 Corinthians 15:45 tn Grk “living soul”; a quotation from Gen 2:7.
  27. 1 Corinthians 15:49 tc ‡ A few significant witnesses have the future indicative φορέσομεν (phoresomen, “we will bear”; B I 6 630 1881 al sa) instead of the aorist subjunctive φορέσωμεν (phoresōmen, “let us bear”; P46 א A C D F G Ψ 075 0243 33 1739 M latt bo). If the original reading is the future tense, then “we will bear” would be a guarantee that believers would be like Jesus (and unlike Adam) in the resurrection. If the aorist subjunctive is original, then “let us bear” would be a command to show forth the image of Jesus, i.e., to live as citizens of the kingdom that believers will one day inherit. The future indicative is not widespread geographically. At the same time, it fits the context well: Not only are there indicatives in this section (especially vv. 42-49), but the conjunction καί (kai) introducing the comparative καθώς (kathōs) seems best to connect to the preceding by furthering the same argument (what is, not what ought to be). For this reason, though, the future indicative could be a reading thus motivated by an early scribe. In light of the extremely weighty evidence for the aorist subjunctive, it is probably best to regard the aorist subjunctive as autographic. This connects well with v. 50, for there Paul makes a pronouncement that seems to presuppose some sort of exhortation. G. D. Fee (First Corinthians [NICNT], 795) argues for the originality of the subjunctive, stating that “it is nearly impossible to account for anyone’s having changed a clearly understandable future to the hortatory subjunctive so early and so often that it made its way into every textual history as the predominant reading.” The subjunctive makes a great deal of sense in view of the occasion of 1 Corinthians. Paul wrote to combat an over-realized eschatology in which some of the Corinthians evidently believed they were experiencing all the benefits of the resurrection body in the present, and thus that their behavior did not matter. If the subjunctive is the correct reading, it seems Paul makes two points: (1) that the resurrection is a bodily one, as distinct from an out-of-body experience, and (2) that one’s behavior in the interim does make a difference (see 15:32-34, 58).
  28. 1 Corinthians 15:50 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:10.
  29. 1 Corinthians 15:51 tn Grk “Behold.”
  30. 1 Corinthians 15:51 tc The manuscripts are grouped into four basic readings here: (1) א C 0243* 33 1739 have “we all will sleep, but we will not all be changed” (πάντες κοιμηθησόμεθα, οὐ πάντες δὲ ἀλλαγησόμεθα); (2) P46 Ac (F G) have “we will not all sleep, but we will not all be changed” (πάντες οὐ κοιμηθησόμεθα, οὐ πάντες δὲ ἀλλαγησόμεθα); (3) D* lat Tert Ambst Spec read “we will all rise, but we will not all be changed.” (4) The wording πάντες οὐ κοιμηθησόμεθα, πάντες δὲ ἀλλαγησόμεθα (“we will not all sleep, but we will all be changed”) is found in B D2 Ψ 075 0243c 1881 M sy co. How shall we interpret such data? In light of the fact that Paul and his generation did in fact die, early scribes may have felt some embarrassment over the bald statement, “We will not all sleep” (πάντες οὐ κοιμηθησόμεθα). This could account for the first variant. Although the second variant could be viewed as a conflation of (1) and (4) (so TCGNT 502; G. D. Fee, First Corinthians [NICNT], 796), it could also have arisen consciously, to guard against the notion that all whom Paul was addressing should regard themselves as true believers. The third variant, prominent in the Western witnesses, may have arisen to counter those who would deny the final resurrection (so TCGNT 502). In any event, since the fourth reading has the best credentials externally and best explains the rise of the others it should be adopted as the authentic wording here.tn See the note on the word “asleep” in 15:6.
  31. 1 Corinthians 15:52 tn The Greek word ῥιπή (rhipē) refers to a very rapid movement (BDAG 906 s.v.). This has traditionally been translated as “twinkling,” which implies an exceedingly fast—almost instantaneous—movement of the eyes, but this could be confusing to the modern reader since twinkling in modern English often suggests a faint, flashing light. In conjunction with the genitive ὀφθαλμοῦ (ophthalmou, “of an eye”), “blinking” is the best English equivalent (see, e.g., L&N 16.5), although it does not convey the exact speed implicit in the Greek term.
  32. 1 Corinthians 15:54 sn A quotation from Isa 25:8.
  33. 1 Corinthians 15:55 sn A quotation from Hos 13:14.
  34. 1 Corinthians 15:58 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:10.
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