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Los derechos de un apóstol

¿No soy libre? ¿No soy apóstol? ¿No he visto a Jesús nuestro Señor? ¿No sois vosotros el fruto de mi trabajo en el Señor? Aunque otros no me reconozcan como apóstol, ¡para vosotros sí lo soy! Porque vosotros mismos sois el sello de mi apostolado en el Señor.

Esta es mi defensa contra los que me critican: ¿Acaso no tenemos derecho a comer y a beber? ¿No tenemos derecho a viajar acompañados por una esposa creyente, como hacen los demás apóstoles y Cefas y los hermanos del Señor? ¿O es que solo Bernabé y yo estamos obligados a ganarnos la vida con otros trabajos?

¿Qué soldado presta servicio militar pagándose sus propios gastos? ¿Qué agricultor planta un viñedo y no come de sus uvas? ¿Qué pastor cuida un rebaño y no toma de la leche que ordeña? No penséis que digo esto solamente desde un punto de vista humano. ¿No lo dice también la ley? Porque en la ley de Moisés está escrito: «No le pongas bozal al buey mientras esté trillando».[a] ¿Acaso se preocupa Dios por los bueyes, 10 o lo dice más bien por nosotros? Por supuesto que lo dice por nosotros, porque, cuando el labrador ara y el segador trilla, deben hacerlo con la esperanza de participar de la cosecha. 11 Si hemos sembrado semilla espiritual entre vosotros, ¿será mucho pedir que cosechemos de vosotros lo material?[b] 12 Si otros tienen derecho a este sustento de parte vuestra, ¿no lo tendremos aún más nosotros?

Sin embargo, no ejercimos este derecho, sino que lo soportamos todo con tal de no crear obstáculo al evangelio de Cristo. 13 ¿No sabéis que los que sirven en el templo reciben su alimento del templo, y que los que atienden el altar participan de lo que se ofrece en el altar? 14 Así también el Señor ha ordenado que quienes predican el evangelio vivan de este ministerio.

15 Pero no me he aprovechado de ninguno de estos derechos, ni escribo de esta manera porque quiera reclamarlos. Prefiero morir a que alguien me prive de este motivo de orgullo. 16 Sin embargo, cuando predico el evangelio, no tengo de qué enorgullecerme, ya que estoy bajo la obligación de hacerlo. ¡Ay de mí si no predico el evangelio! 17 En efecto, si lo hiciera por mi propia voluntad, tendría recompensa; pero, si lo hago por obligación, no hago más que cumplir la tarea que se me ha encomendado. 18 ¿Cuál es, entonces, mi recompensa? Pues que al predicar el evangelio pueda presentarlo gratuitamente, sin hacer valer mi derecho.

19 Aunque soy libre respecto a todos, de todos me he hecho esclavo para ganar a tantos como sea posible. 20 Entre los judíos me volví judío, a fin de ganarlos a ellos. Entre los que viven bajo la ley me volví como los que están sometidos a ella (aunque yo mismo no vivo bajo la ley), a fin de ganar a estos. 21 Entre los que no tienen la ley me volví como los que están sin ley (aunque no estoy libre de la ley de Dios, sino comprometido con la ley de Cristo), a fin de ganar a los que están sin ley. 22 Entre los débiles me hice débil, a fin de ganar a los débiles. Me hice todo para todos, a fin de salvar a algunos por todos los medios posibles. 23 Todo esto lo hago por causa del evangelio, para participar de sus frutos.

24 ¿No sabéis que en una carrera todos los corredores compiten, pero solo uno obtiene el premio? Corred, pues, de tal modo que lo obtengáis. 25 Todos los deportistas se entrenan con mucha disciplina. Ellos lo hacen para obtener un premio que se echa a perder; nosotros, en cambio, por uno que dura para siempre. 26 Así que yo no corro como quien no tiene meta; no lucho como quien da golpes al aire. 27 Más bien, golpeo mi cuerpo y lo domino, no sea que, después de haber predicado a otros, yo mismo quede descalificado.

Footnotes

  1. 9:9 Dt 25:4
  2. 9:11 lo material. Lit. las cosas carnales.

Am I am not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?

If I be not an apostle unto others, yet doubtless I am to you: for the seal of mine apostleship are ye in the Lord.

Mine answer to them that do examine me is this,

Have we not power to eat and to drink?

Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other apostles, and as the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?

Or I only and Barnabas, have not we power to forbear working?

Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof? or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock?

Say I these things as a man? or saith not the law the same also?

For it is written in the law of Moses, thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen?

10 Or saith he it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written: that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope.

11 If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things?

12 If others be partakers of this power over you, are not we rather? Nevertheless we have not used this power; but suffer all things, lest we should hinder the gospel of Christ.

13 Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar?

14 Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel.

15 But I have used none of these things: neither have I written these things, that it should be so done unto me: for it were better for me to die, than that any man should make my glorying void.

16 For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel!

17 For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward: but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me.

18 What is my reward then? Verily that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that I abuse not my power in the gospel.

19 For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more.

20 And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews; to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law;

21 To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law.

22 To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some.

23 And this I do for the gospel's sake, that I might be partaker thereof with you.

24 Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain.

25 And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible.

26 I therefore so run, not as uncertainly; so fight I, not as one that beateth the air:

27 But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway.

Paul’s Rights as an Apostle

Am I not free?(A) Am I not an apostle?(B) Have I not seen Jesus our Lord?(C) Are you not the result of my work in the Lord?(D) Even though I may not be an apostle to others, surely I am to you! For you are the seal(E) of my apostleship in the Lord.

This is my defense to those who sit in judgment on me. Don’t we have the right to food and drink?(F) Don’t we have the right to take a believing wife(G) along with us, as do the other apostles and the Lord’s brothers(H) and Cephas[a]?(I) Or is it only I and Barnabas(J) who lack the right to not work for a living?

Who serves as a soldier(K) at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard(L) and does not eat its grapes? Who tends a flock and does not drink the milk? Do I say this merely on human authority? Doesn’t the Law say the same thing? For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.”[b](M) Is it about oxen that God is concerned?(N) 10 Surely he says this for us, doesn’t he? Yes, this was written for us,(O) because whoever plows and threshes should be able to do so in the hope of sharing in the harvest.(P) 11 If we have sown spiritual seed among you, is it too much if we reap a material harvest from you?(Q) 12 If others have this right of support from you, shouldn’t we have it all the more?

But we did not use this right.(R) On the contrary, we put up with anything rather than hinder(S) the gospel of Christ.

13 Don’t you know that those who serve in the temple get their food from the temple, and that those who serve at the altar share in what is offered on the altar?(T) 14 In the same way, the Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should receive their living from the gospel.(U)

15 But I have not used any of these rights.(V) And I am not writing this in the hope that you will do such things for me, for I would rather die than allow anyone to deprive me of this boast.(W) 16 For when I preach the gospel, I cannot boast, since I am compelled to preach.(X) Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel! 17 If I preach voluntarily, I have a reward;(Y) if not voluntarily, I am simply discharging the trust committed to me.(Z) 18 What then is my reward? Just this: that in preaching the gospel I may offer it free of charge,(AA) and so not make full use of my rights(AB) as a preacher of the gospel.

Paul’s Use of His Freedom

19 Though I am free(AC) and belong to no one, I have made myself a slave to everyone,(AD) to win as many as possible.(AE) 20 To the Jews I became like a Jew, to win the Jews.(AF) To those under the law I became like one under the law (though I myself am not under the law),(AG) so as to win those under the law. 21 To those not having the law I became like one not having the law(AH) (though I am not free from God’s law but am under Christ’s law),(AI) so as to win those not having the law. 22 To the weak I became weak, to win the weak.(AJ) I have become all things to all people(AK) so that by all possible means I might save some.(AL) 23 I do all this for the sake of the gospel, that I may share in its blessings.

The Need for Self-Discipline

24 Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one gets the prize?(AM) Run(AN) in such a way as to get the prize. 25 Everyone who competes in the games goes into strict training. They do it to get a crown(AO) that will not last, but we do it to get a crown that will last forever.(AP) 26 Therefore I do not run like someone running aimlessly;(AQ) I do not fight like a boxer beating the air.(AR) 27 No, I strike a blow to my body(AS) and make it my slave so that after I have preached to others, I myself will not be disqualified for the prize.(AT)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 9:5 That is, Peter
  2. 1 Corinthians 9:9 Deut. 25:4