L’autel et la grande cuve

Salomon fit fabriquer un autel de bronze de dix mètres sur dix et cinq mètres de haut[a].

(1 R 7.23-26)

Puis il fit faire la grande cuve ronde en métal fondu. Elle mesurait cinq mètres de diamètre, deux mètres cinquante de hauteur, un cordeau de quinze mètres mesurait sa circonférence. Au-dessous d’elle, sur tout le pourtour, se trouvaient deux rangées de représentations de bœufs[b] coulés d’une seule pièce avec la cuve. Il y en avait dix par demi-mètre. La cuve elle-même reposait sur douze bœufs de bronze ayant leurs têtes tournées trois par trois vers le nord, l’ouest, le sud et l’est, alors que la partie postérieure de leur corps était tournée vers l’intérieur et portait la cuve. La paroi de la cuve avait huit centimètres d’épaisseur et son rebord était façonné comme celui d’une coupe en forme de pétale de lis. Elle pouvait contenir environ quarante mille litres d’eau.

Salomon fit encore fabriquer dix bassins[c] ; il les fit disposer cinq à droite et cinq à gauche du Temple pour les lavages. Ils servaient à nettoyer les ustensiles destinés à offrir les holocaustes. La grande cuve servait aux purifications des prêtres.

Les accessoires du culte

Salomon fit fabriquer les dix chandeliers d’or selon le modèle prescrit, puis on les plaça dans la grande salle du Temple, cinq à droite et cinq à gauche[d]. Il fit faire dix tables que l’on disposa également dans la grande salle : cinq à droite et cinq à gauche. Il fit aussi façonner cent coupes d’aspersion en or[e]. Il fit aménager le parvis des prêtres et la grande cour, il fit fabriquer les portes de la cour et revêtir leurs battants de bronze.

(1 R 7.38-51)

10 La grande cuve fut placée du côté droit du Temple, vers l’angle sud-est. 11 Houram fabriqua les chaudrons, les pelles et les coupes à aspersion.

Récapitulation des objets fabriqués pour le Temple

Houram termina ainsi le travail que le roi Salomon lui avait confié dans le temple de Dieu : 12 les deux colonnes avec les chapiteaux évasés qui les surmontaient, les deux treillis pour recouvrir les évasements de ces chapiteaux, 13 les quatre cents grenades accrochées aux treillis – deux rangées de grenades par treillis – 14 les dix chariots et les dix bassins placés dessus, 15 la grande cuve, unique en son genre, et les douze bœufs qui la supportaient, 16 les chaudrons, les pelles et les crochets à viande. Houram-Abi avait fabriqué en bronze poli, pour Salomon, tous les objets destinés au temple de l’Eternel. 17 Le roi les fit fondre dans la plaine du Jourdain, dans des couches d’argile, entre Soukkoth et Tserédata. 18 Salomon fit fabriquer tous ces objets en si grande quantité qu’on ne pouvait évaluer le poids de bronze utilisé.

19 Il fit encore fabriquer tous les autres objets destinés au temple de Dieu : l’autel des parfums en or, les tables sur lesquelles on plaçait les pains exposés devant l’Eternel[f], 20 les chandeliers d’or fin avec leurs lampes, que l’on devait allumer selon la règle devant la salle du fond, 21 avec leurs fleurons, leurs lampes et les mouchettes en or, en or très pur, 22 les couteaux, les calices, les coupes et les brasiers d’or fin, ainsi que les gonds en or pour les portes de l’intérieur du Temple, à l’entrée du lieu très saint, et pour les portes de la grande salle, à l’entrée du Temple.

Footnotes

  1. 4.1 Voir Ex 27.1-2. Cet autel était quatre fois plus long, quatre fois plus large et trois fois plus haut que celui du tabernacle de Moïse.
  2. 4.3 Dans 1 R 7.24, il s’agit de coloquintes. En hébreu, les deux mots se ressemblent, ce qui expliquerait une erreur de copiste dans l’un des deux textes.
  3. 4.6 Voir Ex 30.17-21.
  4. 4.7 Voir Ex 25.31-40.
  5. 4.8 Voir Ex 25.23-30.
  6. 4.19 Voir Lv 24.5-9.

The Temple's Furnishings

He made (A)an altar of bronze, twenty cubits[a] long and twenty cubits wide and ten cubits high. (B)Then he made the sea of cast metal. It was round, ten cubits from brim to brim, and five cubits high, and a line of thirty cubits measured its circumference. Under it were figures of gourds,[b] for ten cubits, compassing the sea all around. The gourds were in two rows, cast with it when it was cast. It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The sea was set on them, and all their rear parts were inward. Its thickness was a handbreadth.[c] And its brim was made like the brim of a cup, like the flower of a lily. (C)It held 3,000 baths.[d] (D)He also made ten basins in which to wash, and set five on the south side, and five on the north side. In these they were to rinse off what was used for the burnt offering, and the sea was for the priests to wash in.

And he made ten golden lampstands (E)as prescribed, and set them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north. (F)He also made ten tables and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north. And he made a hundred basins of gold. He made (G)the court of the priests (H)and the great court and doors for the court and overlaid their doors with bronze. 10 (I)And he set the sea at the southeast corner of the house.

11 (J)(K)Hiram also made the pots, the shovels, and the basins. (L)So Hiram finished the work that he did for King Solomon on the house of God: 12 the two pillars, (M)the bowls, and the two capitals on the top of the pillars; and the two latticeworks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars; 13 (N)and the 400 pomegranates for the two latticeworks, two rows of pomegranates for each latticework, to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the pillars. 14 (O)He made the stands also, and the basins on the stands, 15 and the one sea, and the twelve oxen underneath it. 16 The pots, the shovels, (P)the forks, and all the equipment for these (Q)(R)Huram-abi made of burnished bronze for King Solomon for the house of the Lord. 17 In the plain of the Jordan the king cast them, in the clay ground between Succoth and Zeredah.[e] 18 (S)Solomon made all these things in great quantities, for the weight of the bronze was not sought.

19 So Solomon made all the vessels that were in the house of God: the golden altar, (T)the tables for the bread of the Presence, 20 the lampstands and their lamps of pure gold (U)to burn before the inner sanctuary, as prescribed; 21 the flowers, the lamps, and the tongs, of purest gold; 22 the snuffers, basins, dishes for incense, and fire pans, of pure gold, and the sockets[f] of the temple, for the inner doors to the Most Holy Place and for the doors of the nave of the temple were of gold.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 4:1 A cubit was about 18 inches or 45 centimeters
  2. 2 Chronicles 4:3 Hebrew oxen; twice in this verse; compare 1 Kings 7:24
  3. 2 Chronicles 4:5 A handbreadth was about 3 inches or 7.5 centimeters
  4. 2 Chronicles 4:5 A bath was about 6 gallons or 22 liters
  5. 2 Chronicles 4:17 Spelled Zarethan in 1 Kings 7:46
  6. 2 Chronicles 4:22 Compare 1 Kings 7:50; Hebrew the entrance of the house

The Temple’s Furnishings(A)

He made a bronze altar(B) twenty cubits long, twenty cubits wide and ten cubits high.[a] He made the Sea(C) of cast metal, circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits[b] high. It took a line of thirty cubits[c] to measure around it. Below the rim, figures of bulls encircled it—ten to a cubit.[d] The bulls were cast in two rows in one piece with the Sea.

The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east.(D) The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center. It was a handbreadth[e] in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held three thousand baths.[f]

He then made ten basins(E) for washing and placed five on the south side and five on the north. In them the things to be used for the burnt offerings(F) were rinsed, but the Sea was to be used by the priests for washing.

He made ten gold lampstands(G) according to the specifications(H) for them and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north.

He made ten tables(I) and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north. He also made a hundred gold sprinkling bowls.(J)

He made the courtyard(K) of the priests, and the large court and the doors for the court, and overlaid the doors with bronze. 10 He placed the Sea on the south side, at the southeast corner.

11 And Huram also made the pots and shovels and sprinkling bowls.

So Huram finished(L) the work he had undertaken for King Solomon in the temple of God:

12 the two pillars;

the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

the two sets of network decorating the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

13 the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network, decorating the bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars);

14 the stands(M) with their basins;

15 the Sea and the twelve bulls under it;

16 the pots, shovels, meat forks and all related articles.

All the objects that Huram-Abi(N) made for King Solomon for the temple of the Lord were of polished bronze. 17 The king had them cast in clay molds in the plain of the Jordan between Sukkoth(O) and Zarethan.[g] 18 All these things that Solomon made amounted to so much that the weight of the bronze(P) could not be calculated.

19 Solomon also made all the furnishings that were in God’s temple:

the golden altar;

the tables(Q) on which was the bread of the Presence;

20 the lampstands(R) of pure gold with their lamps, to burn in front of the inner sanctuary as prescribed;

21 the gold floral work and lamps and tongs (they were solid gold);

22 the pure gold wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishes(S) and censers;(T) and the gold doors of the temple: the inner doors to the Most Holy Place and the doors of the main hall.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 4:1 That is, about 30 feet long and wide and 15 feet high or about 9 meters long and wide and 4.5 meters high
  2. 2 Chronicles 4:2 That is, about 7 1/2 feet or about 2.3 meters
  3. 2 Chronicles 4:2 That is, about 45 feet or about 14 meters
  4. 2 Chronicles 4:3 That is, about 18 inches or about 45 centimeters
  5. 2 Chronicles 4:5 That is, about 3 inches or about 7.5 centimeters
  6. 2 Chronicles 4:5 That is, about 18,000 gallons or about 66,000 liters
  7. 2 Chronicles 4:17 Hebrew Zeredatha, a variant of Zarethan

Moreover he made an altar of brass, twenty cubits the length thereof, and twenty cubits the breadth thereof, and ten cubits the height thereof.

Also he made a molten sea of ten cubits from brim to brim, round in compass, and five cubits the height thereof; and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about.

And under it was the similitude of oxen, which did compass it round about: ten in a cubit, compassing the sea round about. Two rows of oxen were cast, when it was cast.

It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set above upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward.

And the thickness of it was an handbreadth, and the brim of it like the work of the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies; and it received and held three thousand baths.

He made also ten lavers, and put five on the right hand, and five on the left, to wash in them: such things as they offered for the burnt offering they washed in them; but the sea was for the priests to wash in.

And he made ten candlesticks of gold according to their form, and set them in the temple, five on the right hand, and five on the left.

He made also ten tables, and placed them in the temple, five on the right side, and five on the left. And he made an hundred basons of gold.

Furthermore he made the court of the priests, and the great court, and doors for the court, and overlaid the doors of them with brass.

10 And he set the sea on the right side of the east end, over against the south.

11 And Huram made the pots, and the shovels, and the basons. And Huram finished the work that he was to make for king Solomon for the house of God;

12 To wit, the two pillars, and the pommels, and the chapiters which were on the top of the two pillars, and the two wreaths to cover the two pommels of the chapiters which were on the top of the pillars;

13 And four hundred pomegranates on the two wreaths; two rows of pomegranates on each wreath, to cover the two pommels of the chapiters which were upon the pillars.

14 He made also bases, and lavers made he upon the bases;

15 One sea, and twelve oxen under it.

16 The pots also, and the shovels, and the fleshhooks, and all their instruments, did Huram his father make to king Solomon for the house of the Lord of bright brass.

17 In the plain of Jordan did the king cast them, in the clay ground between Succoth and Zeredathah.

18 Thus Solomon made all these vessels in great abundance: for the weight of the brass could not be found out.

19 And Solomon made all the vessels that were for the house of God, the golden altar also, and the tables whereon the shewbread was set;

20 Moreover the candlesticks with their lamps, that they should burn after the manner before the oracle, of pure gold;

21 And the flowers, and the lamps, and the tongs, made he of gold, and that perfect gold;

22 And the snuffers, and the basons, and the spoons, and the censers, of pure gold: and the entry of the house, the inner doors thereof for the most holy place, and the doors of the house of the temple, were of gold.