犹大王约哈斯

36 犹大人在耶路撒冷立约西亚的儿子约哈斯接替他父亲做王。 约哈斯二十三岁登基,在耶路撒冷执政三个月。 埃及王在耶路撒冷废掉他,并要求犹大向埃及进贡三点四吨银子、三十四公斤金子。 埃及王另立约哈斯的兄弟以利雅敬为王统治犹大和耶路撒冷,给他改名为约雅敬,并把约哈斯带到埃及。

犹大王约雅敬

约雅敬二十五岁登基,在耶路撒冷执政十一年。他做他的上帝耶和华视为恶的事。 巴比伦王尼布甲尼撒起兵攻打他,用铜链把他锁着带到巴比伦。 尼布甲尼撒把耶和华殿里的一些器皿带到巴比伦,放在他在巴比伦的王宫里[a] 约雅敬其他的事及可憎行径和恶迹都记在以色列和犹大的列王史上。他儿子约雅斤继位。

犹大王约雅斤

约雅斤十八岁[b]登基,在耶路撒冷执政三个月零十天。他做耶和华视为恶的事。 10 那年春天,尼布甲尼撒王派人把他和耶和华殿里的贵重器皿一同带到巴比伦。尼布甲尼撒另立约雅斤的叔叔[c]西底迦做犹大和耶路撒冷的王。

犹大王西底迦

11 西底迦二十一岁登基,在耶路撒冷执政十一年。 12 他做他的上帝耶和华视为恶的事,耶利米先知向他传讲耶和华的话,他仍不肯在耶利米面前谦卑下来。

耶路撒冷沦陷

13 尼布甲尼撒曾让他奉上帝的名起誓,他却背叛了尼布甲尼撒。他顽固不化,不肯归向以色列的上帝耶和华。 14 所有祭司长和民众也都仿效外族人的一切可憎行径,犯了大罪,玷污了耶和华在耶路撒冷使之圣洁的殿。 15 他们祖先的上帝耶和华因为怜爱祂的子民和祂的居所,就不断派使者来劝告他们。 16 他们却嘲弄耶和华上帝的使者,藐视祂的话,嘲笑祂的先知,以致祂的愤怒临到祂的子民身上,无可挽救。

17 耶和华使迦勒底人的王起兵攻打他们,在他们的圣殿里用刀击杀他们的壮丁,毫不怜悯少男少女、老人和年高者。耶和华把他们全部交在他的手中。 18 上帝殿里的大小器皿,以及耶和华殿里、王宫里和众官员的所有珍宝,都被他带到巴比伦去了。 19 迦勒底人焚烧上帝的殿,拆毁耶路撒冷的城墙,并且焚烧所有的宫殿,毁坏其中所有珍贵的器皿。 20 没有被杀戮的人都被掳往巴比伦,做他和他子孙的奴隶,直到波斯帝国的时代。 21 这就应验了耶和华借耶利米之口所说的话:这片土地享受了安息,它在荒凉中守安息,直到满了七十年。

塞鲁士王准许被掳之民返国

22 波斯王塞鲁士元年,耶和华为了应验祂借耶利米所说的话,就感动波斯王塞鲁士,使他下诏通告全国: 23 “波斯王塞鲁士如此说,‘天上的上帝耶和华已把天下万国都赐给我,祂吩咐我在犹大的耶路撒冷为祂建造殿宇。你们当中凡属耶和华的子民,都可以去那里。愿你们的上帝耶和华与你们同在!’”

Footnotes

  1. 36:7 王宫里”或译“神庙里”。
  2. 36:9 十八岁”希伯来文是“八岁”,七十士译本、叙利亚译本和列王纪下24:8是“十八岁”。
  3. 36:10 叔叔”参考列王纪下24:17

유다 왕 여호아하스

(왕하 23:30-35)

36 그 땅의 백성이 예루살렘에서 요시야의 아들 여호아하스를 세워, 그 아버지의 뒤를 이어 왕으로 삼았다. 여호아하스는 스물세 살에 왕이 되어 예루살렘에서 석 달 동안 다스렸다. 이집트 왕 느고가 예루살렘에서 그를 왕의 자리에서 쫓아내고 유다에게 은 백 달란트[a]와 금 한 달란트[b]를 조공[c]으로 바치게 하였다. 이집트 왕은 여호아하스의 동생 엘리아김을 세워 유다와 예루살렘의 왕으로 삼았다. 그리고 엘리아김의 이름을 여호야김으로 바꾸었다. 느고는 그의 형 여호아하스를 붙잡아 이집트로 끌고 갔다.

유다 왕 여호야김

(왕하 23:36–24:7)

여호야김은 스물다섯 살에 왕이 되어 십일 년 동안 다스렸다. 그는 주 그의 하나님께서 보시기에 악한 일을 하였다. 바빌론 왕 느부갓네살이 그를 치고 놋쇠 사슬로 묶어서 바빌론으로 끌고 갔다. 느부갓네살은 또 주의 성전에 있는 여러 기구들을 바빌론으로 가져가 자기 신전[d]에 두었다.

여호야김이 다스리는 동안에 일어난 다른 일들과 그가 저지른 혐오스러운 일들과 그 밖의 모든 악한 일이 ‘이스라엘과 유다 왕들의 역사’에 기록되어 있다. 그의-아들 여호야긴이 그의 뒤를 이어서 왕이 되었다.

유다 왕 여호야긴

(왕하 24:8-17)

여호야긴이 열여덟 살에 왕이 되어 예루살렘에서 석 달 열흘 동안 다스렸다. 그는 주께서 보시기에 악한 일을 하였다. 10 그해 봄에 바빌론 왕 느부갓네살이 그의 부하들을 보내 여호야긴을 바빌론으로 잡아가고, 주의 성전에 있는 보물들을 빼앗아 갔다. 느부갓네살이 여호야긴의 친족 시드기야를 왕으로 세워 유다와 예루살렘을 다스리게 하였다.

유다 왕 시드기야

(왕하 24:18-20; 렘 52:1-3)

11 시드기야는 스물한 살에 왕이 되어 예루살렘에서 십일 년 동안 다스렸다. 12 그는 주 그의 하나님께서 보시기에 악한 일을 하였다. 예언자 예레미야가 주의 말씀을 전하였지만 시드기야는 겸손하게 그 말씀에 순종하지 않았다. 13 느브갓네살은 전에 강제로 시드기야가 하나님의 이름으로 충성을 맹세하게 한 일이 있었다. 그러나 그는 바빌론 왕에게 반기를 들었다. 그는 목이 뻣뻣해지고 마음이 굳어져서 주 이스라엘의 하나님께 돌아오려 하지 않았다. 14 더구나 지도자들인 모든 제사장과 더불어 백성들도 점점 더 하나님께 대한 신의를 저버렸다. 그들은 다른 민족들의 혐오스러운 관습을 따르고 주께서 예루살렘에서 거룩하게 하신 주의 성전을 더럽혔다.

예루살렘이 함락되다

(왕하 25:1-21; 렘 52:3-30)

15 주, 그들의 조상의 하나님께서는 그들에게 당신의 특사들을 보내시고 또 보내셔서 경고하셨다. 당신의 백성과 당신이 머무시는 곳을 불쌍히 여기셨기 때문이다. 16 그러나 그들은 하나님의 특사들을 조롱하고, 그분의 말씀을 멸시하고, 그분이 보내신 예언자들을 비웃었다. 그리하여 마침내 당신의 백성을 향한 주의 진노가 치솟으니 그것을 돌이킬 길이 없었다. 17 주께서 바빌론 왕을 시켜 그들을 치게 하시니 바빌론 왕이 성소 안에 있던 그들의 젊은 사람들을 칼로 쳐죽였다. 그는 젊은 남자나 젊은 여자, 늙은 사람이나 힘없는 사람을 가리지 않고 모두 죽였다. 하나님께서 모든 사람을 느부갓네살의 손에 넘겨주셨던 것이다[e]. 18 그는 하나님의 성전에 있던 크고 작은 모든 기구와 주의 성전에 있던 보물들과 왕과 신하들의 보물들을 모두 바빌론으로 가져갔다. 19 그들은 하나님의 성전을 불태우고 예루살렘 성을 허물어 버렸다. 또한 모든 궁궐을 불태우고 거기에 있던 모든 값진 것들을 파괴해 버렸다.

20 그는 칼을 피해 살아남은 자들은 바빌론으로 끌고 갔다. 그들은 페르시아 왕국이 바빌론 왕국을 무너뜨릴 때까지 왕과 왕자들을 섬기는 노예가 되었다. 21 그리하여 주께서 예언자 예레미야를 통하여 이스라엘 백성에게 하신 말씀들이 그대로 이루어졌다. 일찍이 주께서 예레미야를 통하여 이렇게 말씀하셨다. “이 땅이 칠십 년 동안 황폐하게 되어 그 동안 누리지 못한 안식년의 휴식[f]을 다 찾아 누리게 될 것이다[g].”

고레스가 유다 백성이 예루살렘으로 돌아가는 것을 허락하다

(스 1:1-4)

22 페르시아 왕 고레스 원년에 주께서 예레미야를 통해 하신 말씀을 이루시려고 페르시아 왕 고레스의 마음을 움직이셨다. 그리하여 고레스가 온 나라에 다음과 같이 선포하고 그것을 글로 써서 돌렸다.

23 “페르시아 왕 고레스가 다음과 같이 선포한다.

‘하늘의 주 하나님께서 나를 온 세상을 다스리는 왕으로 삼으시고 유다의 예루살렘에 당신의 성전을 지으라고 나에게 명령하셨다. 그러므로 너희 가운데 있는 그분의 백성은 누구든지 이제 예루살렘으로 돌아가도 좋다. 주 그의 하나님께서 그 사람과 함께 하시기를 바란다.’”

Footnotes

  1. 36:3 백 달란트 약 3.4톤
  2. 36:3 한 달란트 약 34킬로그램.
  3. 36:3 조공 예전 왕조 시대에 약한 나라가 강한 나라에게 때마다 예물을 바치던 일
  4. 36:7 신전 또는 ‘궁궐’
  5. 36:17 이 일은 기원 전 586년에 예루살렘이 바빌론의 느부갓네살 왕에게 완전히 멸망당할 때에 일어났다.
  6. 36:21 안식년의 휴식 율법은 칠 년마다 땅에 곡식을 심지 말고 땅을 쉬게 하라고 말하고 있다. 레 25:1-7을 볼 것.
  7. 36:21 이 땅이…누리게 될 것이다 렘 25:11; 29:10을 볼 것.

The Reign and Captivity of Jehoahaz(A)

36 Then (B)the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and made him king in his father’s place in Jerusalem. [a]Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. Now the king of Egypt deposed him at Jerusalem; and he imposed on the land a tribute of one hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. Then the king of Egypt made [b]Jehoahaz’s brother Eliakim king over Judah and Jerusalem, and changed his name to Jehoiakim. And Necho took [c]Jehoahaz his brother and carried him off to Egypt.

The Reign and Captivity of Jehoiakim(C)

(D)Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And he did (E)evil in the sight of the Lord his God. (F)Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against him, and bound him in [d]bronze fetters to (G)carry him off to Babylon. (H)Nebuchadnezzar also carried off some of the articles from the house of the Lord to Babylon, and put them in his temple at Babylon. Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, the abominations which he did, and what was found against him, indeed they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah. Then [e]Jehoiachin his son reigned in his place.

The Reign and Captivity of Jehoiachin(I)

(J)Jehoiachin was [f]eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months and ten days. And he did evil in the sight of the Lord. 10 At the turn of the year (K)King Nebuchadnezzar summoned him and took him to Babylon, (L)with the costly articles from the house of the Lord, and made (M)Zedekiah,[g] [h]Jehoiakim’s brother, king over Judah and Jerusalem.

Zedekiah Reigns in Judah(N)

11 (O)Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. 12 He did evil in the sight of the Lord his God, and (P)did not humble himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke from the mouth of the Lord. 13 And he also (Q)rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear an oath by God; but he (R)stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to the Lord God of Israel. 14 Moreover all the leaders of the priests and the people transgressed more and more, according to all the abominations of the nations, and defiled the house of the Lord which He had consecrated in Jerusalem.

The Fall of Jerusalem(S)

15 (T)And the Lord God of their fathers sent warnings to them by His messengers, rising up early and sending them, because He had compassion on His people and on His dwelling place. 16 But (U)they mocked the messengers of God, (V)despised His words, and (W)scoffed at His prophets, until the (X)wrath of the Lord arose against His people, till there was no remedy.

17 (Y)Therefore He brought against them the king of the Chaldeans, who (Z)killed their young men with the sword in the house of their sanctuary, and had no compassion on young man or virgin, on the aged or the weak; He gave them all into his hand. 18 (AA)And all the articles from the house of God, great and small, the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king and of his leaders, all these he took to Babylon. 19 (AB)Then they burned the house of God, broke down the wall of Jerusalem, burned all its palaces with fire, and destroyed all its precious possessions. 20 And (AC)those who escaped from the sword he carried away to Babylon, (AD)where they became servants to him and his sons until the rule of the kingdom of Persia, 21 to fulfill the word of the Lord by the mouth of (AE)Jeremiah, until the land (AF)had enjoyed her Sabbaths. As long as she lay desolate (AG)she kept Sabbath, to fulfill seventy years.

The Proclamation of Cyrus(AH)

22 (AI)Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the Lord by the mouth of (AJ)Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the Lord stirred up the spirit of (AK)Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

23 (AL)Thus says Cyrus king of Persia:

All the kingdoms of the earth the Lord God of heaven has given me. And He has commanded me to build Him a [i]house at Jerusalem which is in Judah. Who is among you of all His people? May the Lord his God be with him, and let him go up!

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 36:2 MT Joahaz
  2. 2 Chronicles 36:4 Lit. his
  3. 2 Chronicles 36:4 MT Joahaz
  4. 2 Chronicles 36:6 chains
  5. 2 Chronicles 36:8 Or Jeconiah
  6. 2 Chronicles 36:9 Heb. mss., LXX, Syr. eighteen and 2 Kin. 24:8
  7. 2 Chronicles 36:10 Or Mattaniah
  8. 2 Chronicles 36:10 Lit. his brother, 2 Kin. 24:17
  9. 2 Chronicles 36:23 Temple

36 And the people(A) of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father.

Jehoahaz King of Judah(B)

Jehoahaz[a] was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. The king of Egypt dethroned him in Jerusalem and imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents[b] of silver and a talent[c] of gold. The king of Egypt made Eliakim, a brother of Jehoahaz, king over Judah and Jerusalem and changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Necho(C) took Eliakim’s brother Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt.(D)

Jehoiakim King of Judah(E)

Jehoiakim(F) was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord his God. Nebuchadnezzar(G) king of Babylon attacked him and bound him with bronze shackles to take him to Babylon.(H) Nebuchadnezzar also took to Babylon articles from the temple of the Lord and put them in his temple[d] there.(I)

The other events of Jehoiakim’s reign, the detestable things he did and all that was found against him, are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah. And Jehoiachin his son succeeded him as king.

Jehoiachin King of Judah(J)

Jehoiachin(K) was eighteen[e] years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months and ten days. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord. 10 In the spring, King Nebuchadnezzar sent for him and brought him to Babylon,(L) together with articles of value from the temple of the Lord, and he made Jehoiachin’s uncle,[f] Zedekiah, king over Judah and Jerusalem.

Zedekiah King of Judah(M)

11 Zedekiah(N) was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. 12 He did evil in the eyes of the Lord(O) his God and did not humble(P) himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke the word of the Lord. 13 He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him take an oath(Q) in God’s name. He became stiff-necked(R) and hardened his heart and would not turn to the Lord, the God of Israel. 14 Furthermore, all the leaders of the priests and the people became more and more unfaithful,(S) following all the detestable practices of the nations and defiling the temple of the Lord, which he had consecrated in Jerusalem.

The Fall of Jerusalem(T)(U)

15 The Lord, the God of their ancestors, sent word to them through his messengers(V) again and again,(W) because he had pity on his people and on his dwelling place. 16 But they mocked God’s messengers, despised his words and scoffed(X) at his prophets until the wrath(Y) of the Lord was aroused against his people and there was no remedy.(Z) 17 He brought up against them the king of the Babylonians,[g](AA) who killed their young men with the sword in the sanctuary, and did not spare young men(AB) or young women, the elderly or the infirm.(AC) God gave them all into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar.(AD) 18 He carried to Babylon all the articles(AE) from the temple of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the Lord’s temple and the treasures of the king and his officials. 19 They set fire(AF) to God’s temple(AG) and broke down the wall(AH) of Jerusalem; they burned all the palaces and destroyed(AI) everything of value there.(AJ)

20 He carried into exile(AK) to Babylon the remnant, who escaped from the sword, and they became servants(AL) to him and his successors until the kingdom of Persia came to power. 21 The land enjoyed its sabbath rests;(AM) all the time of its desolation it rested,(AN) until the seventy years(AO) were completed in fulfillment of the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah.

22 In the first year of Cyrus(AP) king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah, the Lord moved the heart of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his realm and also to put it in writing:

23 “This is what Cyrus king of Persia says:

“‘The Lord, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and he has appointed(AQ) me to build a temple for him at Jerusalem in Judah. Any of his people among you may go up, and may the Lord their God be with them.’”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 36:2 Hebrew Joahaz, a variant of Jehoahaz; also in verse 4
  2. 2 Chronicles 36:3 That is, about 3 3/4 tons or about 3.4 metric tons
  3. 2 Chronicles 36:3 That is, about 75 pounds or about 34 kilograms
  4. 2 Chronicles 36:7 Or palace
  5. 2 Chronicles 36:9 One Hebrew manuscript, some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 2 Kings 24:8); most Hebrew manuscripts eight
  6. 2 Chronicles 36:10 Hebrew brother, that is, relative (see 2 Kings 24:17)
  7. 2 Chronicles 36:17 Or Chaldeans