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大衛有意為耶和華建殿(A)

17 大衛住在自己宮中的時候,他對拿單先知說:“看哪,我住在香柏木做的王宮,耶和華的約櫃卻在帳幕裡。” 拿單對大衛說:“你可以照你的心意去作,因為 神與你同在。” 當夜, 神的話臨到拿單,說: “你去對我的僕人大衛說:‘耶和華這樣說:你不可建殿給我居住。 因為自從我領以色列人上來那天起,直到今日,我都未曾住過殿宇,只是從這帳幕到那帳幕,從這帳棚到那帳棚。 我和以色列眾人,無論走到甚麼地方,從沒有向以色列的哪一個士師,就是我所吩咐牧養我的子民的,說:你們為甚麼不給我建造香柏木的殿宇呢?’ 現在你要對我的僕人大衛說:‘萬軍之耶和華這樣說:我把你從羊圈中選召出來,使你不再跟隨羊群,使你作領袖管治我的子民以色列。 無論你到哪裡去,我總與你同在;在你面前消滅你所有的仇敵;我必使你獲得名聲,好像世上偉人的名聲一樣。 我要為我的子民以色列人選定一個地方,栽培他們,使他們住在自己的地方,不再受攪擾,也不再像從前被惡徒苦害他們, 10 好像我吩咐士師統治我的子民以色列人的日子一樣。我必制伏你所有的仇敵,並且我告訴你,耶和華必為你建立家室。 11 你的壽數滿足,歸你列祖那裡的時候,我必興起你的後裔接替你,他是你的眾子中的一位;我必堅立他的國。 12 他要為我建造殿宇,我必堅立他的王位,直到永遠。 13 我要作他的父親,他要作我的兒子;我的慈愛必不離開他,像離開在你以前的那位一樣; 14 我卻要把他堅立在我的家裡和我的國裡,直到永遠;他的王位必永遠堅立。’” 15 拿單就按著這一切話和他所見的一切,告訴了大衛。

大衛的禱告與稱頌(B)

16 於是大衛王進去,坐在耶和華面前,說:“耶和華 神啊,我是甚麼人?我的家算甚麼,你竟帶領我到這個地步? 17  神啊,這在你眼中看為小事,你對你僕人的家的未來發出應許!耶和華 神啊,你看我好像一個高貴的人。 18 你把榮耀加在你僕人身上,我還有甚麼話可以對你說呢?你認識你的僕人。 19 耶和華啊,為了你僕人的緣故,也是按著你的心意,你行了這一切大事,為要使人知道這一切大事。 20 耶和華啊,照著我們耳中所聽見的,沒有誰能與你相比;除你以外,再沒有別的神。 21 世上有哪一個國能比得上你的子民以色列呢? 神親自把他們救贖出來,作自己的子民,又在你從埃及所救贖出來的子民面前驅逐列國,以大而可畏的事建立自己的名。 22 你使你的子民以色列永遠作你的子民;耶和華啊,你也作了他們的 神。 23 耶和華啊,現在求你永遠堅立你應許你僕人和他的家的話,照著你所說的實行吧。 24 願你的名永遠堅立、尊大,以致人人都說:‘萬軍之耶和華以色列的 神,實在是以色列人的 神。’這樣,你僕人大衛的家就在你面前得到堅立了。 25 我的 神啊,因為你啟示了你的僕人,要你的僕人為你建造殿宇,所以你僕人才敢在你面前這樣禱告。 26 耶和華啊,唯有你是 神,你曾應許把這福氣賜給你的僕人; 27 現在請你賜福你僕人的家,使它在你面前永遠存留。耶和華啊,因為你已經賜福了你僕人的家,它必永遠蒙福。”

After David moves the covenant chest to Jerusalem, Israel has two places of worship and two high priests. One is with the chest in Jerusalem, and the other is at the congregation tent in Gibeon. Although David intends to build a temple in Jerusalem and reunite the covenant chest and the congregation tent, that one worship center will not be built until his son, Solomon, is king.

17 Once David had sat in his palace, he made an observation.

David (to Nathan the prophet): I live in a sturdy house made of expensive, imported cedar, but the covenant chest of the Eternal lives in a temporary house made of curtains. This does not seem right.

Nathan: If you want to build God a house, then do it. God is with you.

Later that night, God came to Nathan and corrected his thinking.

Eternal One: Go and tell My servant David the Eternal One says: You may not build a house for Me to live in; I have never lived in a house, from the day I brought Israel out of Egypt until today. I have always moved from tent to tent, from one home to another. In all these places where I have walked with Israel, did I ever ask any of the judges I commanded to shepherd Israel, “Why have you not built for Me an expensive house of cedar?”

I, the Eternal One, Commander of heavenly armies, pledge this: I moved you from the pasture, where you followed behind sheep, to the palace, where you now lead My sheep, Israel. I have accompanied you wherever you have gone and have destroyed your enemies from before you. I will exalt your name to the level of the great ones who are on the earth. I will select a land for My people Israel; I will plant them so they may live in their own land and not be moved again. The wicked will not exhaust them anymore, as they did from the beginning 10 and as when I commanded judges to be over My people Israel. I will humble all your enemies. I, the Eternal One, will build a house for you, instead of you building a house for Me. 11-12 At the end of your life, when your reign on earth is complete and you have joined your ancestors, I shall select one of your sons in your place, and I shall build his house. In return, he will build a house for Me, a temple where I shall dwell and where your people will worship Me. And I will establish his throne forever. 13 I shall be his Father, and he will be My son. I shall not take My loyal love from him as I took it from Saul who reigned before you. 14 I shall establish him in My temple and in My kingdom forever. His throne will last forever.

God is clever! David comes to Him, asking to build Him a house, but God turns it around on the king. God uses the opportunity to talk about something more important than a house with four walls; instead, He wants to talk about David’s house—David’s monarchy. This promise gives the Jews the inspiration they need as they rebuild the temple. Certainly buildings are fleeting, for even Solomon’s glorious temple that David draws the plans for is destroyed. But God’s promise remains. David’s descendants continue to lead His people, just as He has led the Jews back from Babylon.

15 Nathan told David exactly what the Eternal said through this vision. 16 Then King David sat before the Eternal.

David: Why have You, Eternal God, brought someone as lowly as me and my family to such a prominent place? 17 This promise was a small thing to You, O God; but it ensures the stability of my house for a long time and reveals to me future generations while regarding me as a man of importance, and their importance to You, Eternal God. 18 How else can I thank you? For You have honored Your servant, and you have come to know Your servant. 19 Eternal, for my sake and according to Your desire, You have orchestrated all this greatness and revealed all these great things. 20 Eternal, there is none like You; for all we have heard no other god exists who has revealed such things. 21 No other nation on the earth is like Your people Israel. You redeemed us to be Your people, to make Your name great by Your powerful deeds—driving out nations from before us, whom You redeemed out of Egypt. 22 You made us Your own people forever; and You, Eternal One, became our God forever. 23 Eternal, may Your promise last forever, and may You do as You have spoken over your servant and his house. 24 May Your name be established and magnified forever: “The Eternal, Commander of heavenly armies, God of Israel, is Israel’s God; and the house of Your servant David is established before You.” 25 You, my God, have revealed Your intention to establish my kingdom; therefore, I have the courage to pray before You. 26 Now, Eternal, You are God and have promised this good thing to Your servant. 27 You are pleased to bless the house of Your servant; may Your pleasure continue forever. For You, Eternal, have blessed and will bless forever.