雅各的預言

49 雅各把他的兒子們都叫來,對他們說:「你們到我身邊來,我要把你們將來的遭遇告訴你們。

「雅各的兒子們啊,
你們都來聽,
聽你們父親以色列的話。
呂便啊,你是我的長子,
是我年輕力壯時生的,
比眾弟兄更有尊榮和力量。
可是,你必不再居首位,
因為你放縱情慾,
如沸騰不止的水,
你上了你父親的床,
玷污了我的榻。

「西緬和利未串通一氣,
依仗刀劍,殘暴不仁。
我的靈啊,不要與他們同謀。
我的心啊,不要與他們聯合。
他們洩憤殺人,
隨意砍斷牛腿的筋。
他們狂暴兇殘,該受咒詛!
我要使他們分散在雅各的子孫中,
散居在以色列各地。

「猶大啊,你的兄弟們必讚美你,
你必制伏你的仇敵,
你父親的兒子必向你下拜。
我兒猶大是頭小獅子,
他獵食回來,躺臥如雄獅,
蹲伏如母獅,誰敢驚擾他?
10 王權必不離猶大,
御杖必伴他左右,
直到那位執掌王權的來到,
萬民都必歸順他。

11 「他把小驢拴在葡萄樹旁,
把驢駒拴在上好的葡萄樹旁;
他在葡萄酒中洗衣服,
在葡萄汁中洗外袍。
12 他的眼睛比酒烏潤,
牙齒比奶潔白。

13 「西布倫必安居在海濱,
成為泊船的港口,
他的疆界必伸展到西頓。

14 「以薩迦是頭壯驢,
臥在羊圈中。
15 他見那地方好作安身之處,
地土肥美,就垂下肩頭,
做了奴隸。

16 「但必治理他的人民,
作以色列的一個支派。
17 他必成為路邊的蛇,
道旁的毒蛇,
咬傷馬蹄,使騎馬的人墜落。

18 「耶和華啊,
我切切等候你的拯救。

19 「迦得必被強盜劫掠,
他卻要反敗為勝追趕他們。

20 「亞設必有豐美的出產和供君王享用的美味。

21 「拿弗他利是頭自由的母鹿,
養育美麗的小鹿[a]

22 「約瑟是多結果子的枝條,
長在水泉旁,
他的枝條探出牆外。
23 弓箭手兇猛地攻擊他,
惡狠狠地射他。
24 但他手持強弓,
雙臂穩健有力,
因為雅各的大能者——以色列的牧者和磐石幫助他。
25 你父親的上帝必幫助你,
全能者必賜你天上的恩澤、
地上的百福,
使你子孫興旺、牛羊滿圈。
26 你父親的祝福高過亙古永存的峰巒,
多如綿延無盡的群山,
願這一切的祝福都臨到約瑟頭上,
臨到這超越眾弟兄的人身上。

27 「便雅憫是匹貪婪的狼,
早晨吞吃獵物,
晚上瓜分戰利品。」

28 以上是以色列的十二支派,他們的父親按著他們不同的福分給他們祝福。 29 雅各又囑咐他們說:「我要離世了,你們要把我葬在赫人以弗崙田間的洞裡,讓我與祖先在一起。 30 那洞穴在迦南幔利附近的麥比拉田間,是亞伯拉罕向赫人以弗崙買來作墳地的。 31 亞伯拉罕和他的妻子撒拉,以撒和他的妻子利百加都葬在那裡,我把利亞也葬在了那裡。 32 那塊田和田間的洞穴是向赫人買的。」 33 雅各囑咐完眾子,在床上躺下,嚥了氣,去他祖先那裡了。

Footnotes

  1. 49·21 養育美麗的小鹿」或譯「口出佳美之言」。

Testamento de Jacob

49 Jacob llamó a sus hijos y les dijo:

— Reuníos, que os voy a contar lo que os va a suceder en el futuro. Agrupaos y escuchadme, hijos de Jacob; escuchad a vuestro padre Israel:

Rubén, tú eres mi primogénito,
mi fuerza y primicia de mi virilidad,
el primero en rango,
el primero en poder.
Impetuoso como un torrente,
ya no tendrás la primacía,
porque deshonraste el lecho de tu padre,
profanando mi cama con tu acción.

Simeón y Leví son hermanos,
instrumento de violencia son sus armas.
No querría estar presente en sus reuniones,
ni comprometer mi honor en sus asambleas,
pues cuando se enfurecieron mataron hombres,
y en su crueldad desjarretaron bueyes.
Maldita su ira tan violenta,
y su furor tan feroz.
Yo los dividiré en Jacob,
los dispersaré en Israel.

A ti, Judá, te alabarán tus hermanos,
doblegarás el cuello de tus enemigos;
los hijos de tu padre se postrarán ante ti.
Cachorro de león es mi hijo Judá
que vuelve de hacer presa;
cuando se echa y se recuesta como león
o como leona, ¿quién lo desafiará?
10 No se apartará de Judá el cetro,
ni el bastón de mando
de entre sus rodillas,
hasta que llegue aquel
a quien le pertenece
y a quien obedecerán los pueblos.
11 Él amarra su burro a una vid,
y a una cepa las crías de su asna.
Él lava en vino su vestido,
en sangre de uvas su manto.
12 Son sus ojos más oscuros que el vino,
sus dientes más blancos que la leche.

13 Zabulón habita junto al mar,
servirá de puerto a los barcos,
sus fronteras llegarán hasta Sidón.

14 Isacar es un asno robusto
que se tumba entre las alforjas.
15 Viendo que el establo es bueno
y que la tierra es confortable,
inclina el lomo a la carga
y acepta trabajos de esclavo.

16 Dan gobernará a su pueblo
como una de las tribus de Israel.
17 Será como serpiente en el camino,
como víbora junto al sendero,
que muerde al caballo en las patas
y hace caer de espaldas al jinete.
18 Espero tu salvación, Señor.

19 A Gad lo asaltan los bandidos,
pero él los atacará por la espalda.

20 Aser presume de frutos sabrosos,
ofrecerá manjares de reyes.

21 Neftalí es una cierva en libertad,
sus cervatillos son preciosos.

22 José es un retoño fértil,
fértil retoño junto al agua,
sus ramas trepan por el muro.
23 Los arqueros provocaron su ira,
lo desafiaron lanzándole flechas.
24 Pero su arco se mantiene firme,
ágiles sus manos y sus brazos,
pues lo auxilia el Fuerte de Jacob,
lo ampara el Pastor, la Roca de Israel.
25 Que te proteja el Dios de tu padre,
que el Todopoderoso te bendiga
con bendiciones arriba en el cielo,
con bendiciones abajo en el abismo,
con bendiciones que colmen
pechos y senos maternos.
26 Las bendiciones de tu padre,
mejores que las de las antiguas montañas,
más deliciosas que las colinas eternas,
desciendan sobre la cabeza de José,
sobre la frente del escogido
entre todos sus hermanos.

27 Benjamín es un lobo rapaz,
que en la mañana devora a su presa
y por la tarde reparte los despojos.

28 Estas son las doce tribus de Israel, y esto es lo que su padre les dijo al bendecirlas; a cada una le dio una bendición especial.

Muerte de Jacob

29 Además, Jacob les dio estas instrucciones:

— Yo estoy a punto de reunirme con los míos; sepultadme junto a mis antepasados, en la cueva que está en el campo de Efrón el hitita; 30 me refiero a la cueva de Macpelá, la que compró Abrahán al hitita Efrón para tener una sepultura en propiedad y que está frente a Mambré, en la tierra de Canaán. 31 Allí sepultaron a Abrahán y a su mujer Sara; allí sepultaron a Isaac y a su mujer Rebeca, y allí sepulté yo a Lía. 32 El campo y la cueva fueron comprados a los hititas.

33 Cuando Jacob terminó de dar estas instrucciones a sus hijos, encogió sus pies en la cama, expiró y fue a reunirse con los suyos.

Jacob Blesses His Sons

49 Then Jacob called his sons to him. He said, “·Come here to [L Gather around] me, and I will tell you what will happen to you in the ·future [L days to come].

“·Come [L Assemble] together and listen, sons of Jacob.
Listen to Israel [C another name for Jacob; 32:28], your father.”

“Reuben, my ·first son [firstborn], you are my strength.
    ·Your birth showed I could be a father [L …and the first of my virility/vigor].
·You have the highest position among my sons [L …excelling in pride/rank/authority],
    and you are the most powerful [L …excelling in power].
But you are ·uncontrolled [unstable] like water [C often a symbol of chaos or evil],
    so you will no longer ·lead your brothers [L excel].
This is because you got into your father’s bed
    and ·shamed me by having sexual relations with my slave girl [L you defiled it by going up on my couch; 35:22].

“Simeon and Levi are brothers
    who used their ·swords [or circumcision knives; or counsels; or treaties; ch. 34] to do violence.
I will not join their secret talks,
    and I will not ·meet with them to plan evil [L join them in their assembly].
They killed men because they were angry,
    and they ·crippled [hamstrung] oxen ·just for fun [or at will; 34:25–31].
May their anger be cursed, because it is too ·violent [severe; strong; intense].
    May their violence be cursed, because it is too ·cruel [harsh].
I will divide them up among the tribes of Jacob
    and scatter them through all the tribes of Israel [C neither Simeon nor Levi received a tribal allotment in the Promised Land; Josh. 13–22].

“Judah, your brothers will praise you [C the Hebrew verb for “praise” sounds like the name Judah].
    ·You will grab your enemies by the neck [L Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies],
    and ·your brothers [L the sons of your father] will bow down to you.
Judah is like a ·young lion [lion cub].
    You have ·returned from killing [L come up from the prey], my son.
Like a lion, he stretches out and ·lies down to rest [crouches],
    and [L like a lioness] ·no one is brave enough to [who will…?] wake him.
10 ·Kings will come from Judah’s family [L No one will turn aside the scepter from Judah; C a scepter is a symbol of kingship];
    ·someone from Judah will always be on the throne [L the ruler’s staff/mace from between his feet; C anticipates the rise of a perpetual kingship from the tribe of Judah; 2 Sam. 7].
Judah will rule until ·Shiloh comes [or he comes to Shiloh; or he comes to whom it belongs; or tribute comes to him],
    and the ·nations [peoples] will obey him.
11 He ties his donkey to a grapevine,
    his young donkey to the best ·branch [vine].
He ·can afford to use wine to wash his clothes [L washes his clothes in wine]
    and the ·best wine [L blood of grapes] to wash his robes.
12 His eyes are dark like the color of wine,
    and his teeth are as white as the color of milk.

13 “Zebulun will live ·near [L at the shore/coast of] the sea.
    His ·shore [coast] will be a safe place for ships,
and his land will reach as far as Sidon [10:15].

14 “Issachar is like a strong donkey
    who lies down ·while carrying his load [or between the pack saddles].
15 When he sees his ·resting place [camp] is good
    and how pleasant his land is,
he will put his ·back [L shoulder] to the load
    and become a slave [L at forced labor].

16 “Dan will ·rule [judge; or contend for; C the Hebrew verb for “judge” sounds like the name Dan] his own people
    like ·the other [L one of the] tribes in Israel.
17 Dan will be like a snake by the side of the road,
    a ·dangerous snake [viper] lying near the path.
That snake bites a horse’s ·leg [heel; hoof],
    and the rider is thrown off backward.

18 Lord, I wait for your ·salvation [or victory].
19 “·Robbers [or Raiders] will ·attack [raid] Gad [C the Hebrew word for “raiders” sounds like the name Gad],
but he will ·defeat them and drive them away [L raid them at their heels].

20 “Asher’s land will grow much ·good [or rich] food;
he will grow ·food fit for a king [kingly delicacies].

21 “Naphtali is like a female deer that runs free,
that has ·beautiful fawns [or beautiful words].

22 “Joseph is like a ·grapevine that produces much fruit [or fruitful bough/tree; or foal of a wild donkey]
    a ·healthy vine [or fruitful bough/tree; or foal of a wild donkey] ·watered by [L by] a spring,
    ·whose branches grow over the wall [or a wild donkey on a hillside].
23 Archers attack him violently
    and shoot at him angrily,
24 but ·he aims his bow well [L his bow remains taut].
    His arms ·are made strong [or were snapped].
·He gets his power from [L …by the hands of] the Mighty God of Jacob
    ·and his strength from [or by the name of] the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel.
25 Your father’s God helps you.
    God Almighty blesses you.
He blesses you with ·rain [L blessings] from above,
    with ·water from springs below [L the blessings of the deep that crouches below],
with ·many babies born to your wives
    and many young ones born to your animals [L the blessings of breasts and womb]
26 The blessings of your father are greater
    than the blessings of the ·oldest [or eternal] mountains,
    greater than the ·good things [delight] of the long-lasting hills.
May these blessings rest on the head of Joseph,
    on the forehead of the one who was ·separated from [or prince among] his brothers [C Ephraim would become the dominant tribe in northern Israel].

27 “Benjamin is like a hungry wolf.
    In the morning he eats ·what he has caught [prey],
    and in the evening he divides ·what he has taken [the plunder].”

28 These are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them. He gave each son the blessing that was ·right [suitable; appropriate] for him. 29 Then Israel gave them a command and said, “I am about to ·die [L be gathered to my people/relatives; 25:8]. Bury me with my ·ancestors [fathers] in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite [23:7–20; 25:9]. 30 That cave is in the field of Machpelah east of Mamre in the land of Canaan. Abraham bought the field and cave from Ephron the Hittite for a ·burying place [burial site]. 31 Abraham and Sarah his wife are buried there. Isaac and Rebekah his wife are buried there, and I buried my wife Leah there. 32 The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittite people.” 33 After Jacob finished ·talking to [or instructing] his sons, he lay down. He put his feet back on the bed, took his last breath, and ·died [L was gathered to his people/relatives; 25:8].