创世记 3
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
始祖犯罪
3 在耶和华上帝所造的田野的各种动物中，蛇最狡猾。蛇对女人说：“上帝真的说过不许你们吃园中所有树上的果子吗？” 2 女人回答说：“我们可以吃园中树上的果子， 3 只是不可以吃园子中间那棵树的果子。上帝曾经吩咐说，‘你们不可吃那果子，也不可摸，否则你们就会死。’” 4 蛇对女人说：“你们一定不会死！ 5 上帝那样说是因为祂知道你们吃了那树的果子以后，眼睛就会明亮，像上帝一样懂得分辨善恶。” 6 女人见那棵树上的果子可口，赏心悦目，可以使人有智慧，就摘下来吃了。她也把果子给跟她在一起的丈夫，他也吃了。 7 二人的眼睛果然明亮起来，这才发觉自己原来赤身露体，便把无花果树的叶子编起来遮体。
8 傍晚天凉时，夫妇二人听见耶和华上帝在园中行走的声音，就藏在园子的树丛中，想躲开耶和华上帝。 9 耶和华上帝呼唤那人说：“你在哪里？” 10 那人说：“我听见你在园中行走的声音，就害怕得躲了起来，因为我赤身露体！” 11 耶和华上帝问：“谁说你赤身露体？难道你吃了我吩咐你不可吃的果子吗？” 12 那人说：“你赐给我作伴的女人摘了那树上的果子给我，我就吃了。” 13 耶和华上帝对女人说：“你这做的是什么事？”女人说：“是蛇诱骗我，我才吃的。”
上帝的审判
14 耶和华上帝对蛇说：
“你既然做了这事，
你要比一切的牲畜和野兽受更重的咒诅，
你要用肚子爬行，
一生都要吃尘土。
15 我要使你和女人结仇，
你的后代和女人的后代也要彼此为仇，
女人的后代必伤你的头，
你必伤他的脚跟。”
16 耶和华上帝对女人说：
“我必大大加重你怀孕的痛苦，
你分娩时必受痛苦。
你必恋慕[a]自己的丈夫，
你的丈夫必管辖你。”
17 耶和华上帝又对亚当说：
“因为你听从妻子的话，
吃了我吩咐你不可吃的果子，
地必因你而受咒诅。
你必终生艰辛劳苦，
才能吃到地里出产的食物。
18 地必给你长出荆棘和蒺藜，
你要吃田间长出来的菜蔬。
19 你必汗流满面，才有饭吃，
一直到你归回尘土。
因为你是尘土造的，
也必归回尘土。”
20 亚当给他的妻子取名叫夏娃，因为她是众生之母。 21 耶和华上帝做了皮衣给他们夫妇穿。 22 耶和华上帝说：“看啊，那人已经与我们相似，能分辨善恶。现在，恐怕他会伸手去摘生命树的果子吃，那样他就会永远活着。” 23 因此，耶和华上帝就把亚当赶出伊甸园，让他去开垦土地——他的本源。 24 上帝赶走了亚当以后，就派遣基路伯天使驻守在伊甸园东边，又用一把旋转的火剑守护在通往生命树的路上。
Footnotes
- 3:16 “恋慕”或译“想控制”。
Genesis 3
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 3
Expulsion from Eden. 1 Now the snake was the most cunning[a] of all the wild animals that the Lord God had made. He asked the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You shall not eat from any of the trees in the garden’?” 2 The woman answered the snake: “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden; 3 (A)it is only about the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden that God said, ‘You shall not eat it or even touch it, or else you will die.’” 4 But the snake said to the woman: “You certainly will not die!(B) 5 God knows well that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods, who know[b] good and evil.” 6 The woman saw that the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eyes, and the tree was desirable for gaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruit and ate it; and she also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.(C) 7 Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew that they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made loincloths for themselves.
8 When they heard the sound of the Lord God walking about in the garden at the breezy time of the day,[c] the man and his wife hid themselves from the Lord God among the trees of the garden.(D) 9 The Lord God then called to the man and asked him: Where are you? 10 He answered, “I heard you in the garden; but I was afraid, because I was naked, so I hid.” 11 Then God asked: Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree of which I had forbidden you to eat? 12 The man replied, “The woman whom you put here with me—she gave me fruit from the tree, so I ate it.” 13 The Lord God then asked the woman: What is this you have done? The woman answered, “The snake tricked me, so I ate it.”(E)
14 Then the Lord God said to the snake:
Because you have done this,
cursed are you
among all the animals, tame or wild;
On your belly you shall crawl,
and dust you shall eat
all the days of your life.[d](F)
15 I will put enmity between you and the woman,
and between your offspring and hers;
They will strike at your head,
while you strike at their heel.[e](G)
16 To the woman he said:
I will intensify your toil in childbearing;
in pain[f] you shall bring forth children.
Yet your urge shall be for your husband,
and he shall rule over you.
17 To the man he said: Because you listened to your wife and ate from the tree about which I commanded you, You shall not eat from it,
Cursed is the ground[g] because of you!
In toil you shall eat its yield
all the days of your life.(H)
18 Thorns and thistles it shall bear for you,
and you shall eat the grass of the field.
19 By the sweat of your brow
you shall eat bread,
Until you return to the ground,
from which you were taken;
For you are dust,
and to dust you shall return.(I)
20 The man gave his wife the name “Eve,” because she was the mother of all the living.[h]
21 The Lord God made for the man and his wife garments of skin, with which he clothed them. 22 Then the Lord God said: See! The man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil! Now, what if he also reaches out his hand to take fruit from the tree of life, and eats of it and lives forever?(J) 23 The Lord God therefore banished him from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from which he had been taken. 24 He expelled the man, stationing the cherubim and the fiery revolving sword east of the garden of Eden, to guard the way to the tree of life.
Footnotes
- 3:1 Cunning: there is a play on the words for “naked” (2:25) and “cunning/wise” (Heb. ‘arum). The couple seek to be “wise” but end up knowing that they are “naked.”
- 3:5 Like gods, who know: or “like God who knows.”
- 3:8 The breezy time of the day: lit., “the wind of the day.” Probably shortly before sunset.
- 3:14 Each of the three punishments (the snake, the woman, the man) has a double aspect, one affecting the individual and the other affecting a basic relationship. The snake previously stood upright, enjoyed a reputation for being shrewder than other creatures, and could converse with human beings as in vv. 1–5. It must now move on its belly, is more cursed than any creature, and inspires revulsion in human beings (v. 15).
- 3:15 They will strike…at their heel: the antecedent for “they” and “their” is the collective noun “offspring,” i.e., all the descendants of the woman. Christian tradition has seen in this passage, however, more than unending hostility between snakes and human beings. The snake was identified with the devil (Wis 2:24; Jn 8:44; Rev 12:9; 20:2), whose eventual defeat seemed implied in the verse. Because “the Son of God was revealed to destroy the works of the devil” (1 Jn 3:8), the passage was understood as the first promise of a redeemer for fallen humankind, the protoevangelium. Irenaeus of Lyons (ca. A.D. 130–200), in his Against Heresies 5.21.1, followed by several other Fathers of the Church, interpreted the verse as referring to Christ, and cited Gal 3:19 and 4:4 to support the reference. Another interpretive translation is ipsa, “she,” and is reflected in Jerome’s Vulgate. “She” was thought to refer to Mary, the mother of the messiah. In Christian art Mary is sometimes depicted with her foot on the head of the serpent.
- 3:16 Toil…pain: the punishment affects the woman directly by increasing the toil and pain of having children. He shall rule over you: the punishment also affects the woman’s relationship with her husband. A tension is set up in which her urge (either sexual urge or, more generally, dependence for sustenance) is for her husband but he rules over her. But see Sg 7:11.
- 3:17–19 Cursed is the ground: the punishment affects the man’s relationship to the ground (’adam and ’adamah). You are dust: the punishment also affects the man directly insofar as he is now mortal.
- 3:20 The man gives his wife a more specific name than “woman” (2:23). The Hebrew name hawwa (“Eve”) is related to the Hebrew word hay (“living”); “mother of all the living” points forward to the next episode involving her sons Cain and Abel.
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