始祖犯罪

在耶和華上帝所造的田野的各種動物中,蛇最狡猾。蛇對女人說:「上帝真的說過不許你們吃園中所有樹上的果子嗎?」 女人回答說:「我們可以吃園中樹上的果子, 只是不可以吃園子中間那棵樹的果子。上帝曾經吩咐說,『你們不可吃那果子,也不可摸,否則你們就會死。』」 蛇對女人說:「你們一定不會死! 上帝那樣說是因為祂知道你們吃了那樹的果子以後,眼睛就會明亮,像上帝一樣懂得分辨善惡。」 女人見那棵樹上的果子可口,賞心悅目,可以使人有智慧,就摘下來吃了。她也把果子給跟她在一起的丈夫,他也吃了。 二人的眼睛果然明亮起來,這才發覺自己原來赤身露體,便把無花果樹的葉子編起來遮體。

傍晚天涼時,夫婦二人聽見耶和華上帝在園中行走的聲音,就藏在園子的樹叢中,想躲開耶和華上帝。 耶和華上帝呼喚那人說:「你在哪裡?」 10 那人說:「我聽見你在園中行走的聲音,就害怕得躲了起來,因為我赤身露體!」 11 耶和華上帝問:「誰說你赤身露體?難道你吃了我吩咐你不可吃的果子嗎?」 12 那人說:「你賜給我作伴的女人摘了那樹上的果子給我,我就吃了。」 13 耶和華上帝對女人說:「你這做的是什麼事?」女人說:「是蛇誘騙我,我才吃的。」

上帝的審判

14 耶和華上帝對蛇說:

「你既然做了這事,
你要比一切的牲畜和野獸受更重的咒詛,
你要用肚子爬行,
一生都要吃塵土。
15 我要使你和女人結仇,
你的後代和女人的後代也要彼此為仇,
女人的後代必傷你的頭,
你必傷他的腳跟。」

16 耶和華上帝對女人說:

「我必大大加重你懷孕的痛苦,
你分娩時必受痛苦。
你必戀慕[a]自己的丈夫,
你的丈夫必管轄你。」

17 耶和華上帝又對亞當說:

「因為你聽從妻子的話,
吃了我吩咐你不可吃的果子,
地必因你而受咒詛。
你必終生艱辛勞苦,
才能吃到地裡出產的食物。
18 地必給你長出荊棘和蒺藜,
你要吃田間長出來的菜蔬。
19 你必汗流滿面,才有飯吃,
一直到你歸回塵土。
因為你是塵土造的,
也必歸回塵土。」

20 亞當給他的妻子取名叫夏娃,因為她是眾生之母。 21 耶和華上帝做了皮衣給他們夫婦穿。 22 耶和華上帝說:「看啊,那人已經與我們相似,能分辨善惡。現在,恐怕他會伸手去摘生命樹的果子吃,那樣他就會永遠活著。」 23 因此,耶和華上帝就把亞當趕出伊甸園,讓他去開墾土地——他的本源。 24 上帝趕走了亞當以後,就派遣基路伯天使駐守在伊甸園東邊,又用一把旋轉的火劍守護在通往生命樹的路上。

Footnotes

  1. 3·16 戀慕」或譯「想控制」。

The Fall

Now the serpent was more crafty than any other wild animal[a] which Yahweh God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God indeed say, ‘You shall not eat from any tree in the garden’?” The woman said to the serpent, “From the fruit of the trees of the garden we may eat, but from the tree that is in the midst of the garden, God said, ‘You shall not eat from it, nor shall you touch it, lest you die’.” But the serpent said to the woman, “You shall not surely die. For God knows that on the day you both eat from it, then your eyes will be opened and you both shall be like gods,[b] knowing good and evil.” When[c] the woman saw that the tree was good for food and that it was a delight to the eyes, and the tree was desirable to make one wise, then[d] she took from its fruit and she ate. And she gave it also to her husband with her, and he ate. Then[e] the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed together fig leaves and they made for themselves coverings.

Then[f] they heard the sound of Yahweh God walking in the garden at the windy time of day.[g] And the man[h] and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Yahweh God among the trees of the garden. And Yahweh God called to the man[i] and said to him, “Where are you?” 10 And he replied,[j] “I heard the sound of you in the garden, and I was afraid because I am naked, so I hid myself.” 11 Then he[k] asked,[l] “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree from which I forbade you to eat?”[m] 12 And the man[n] replied,[o] “The woman whom you gave to be with me—she gave to me from the tree and I ate.” 13 Then[p] Yahweh God said to the woman, “What is this you have done?” And the woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.” 14 Then[q] Yahweh God said to the serpent,

“Because you have done this,
    you will be cursed
    more than any domesticated animal
    and more than any wild animal.[r]
On your belly you shall go
    and dust you shall eat
    all the days of your life.
15 And I will put hostility
    between you and between the woman,
    and between your offspring[s] and between her offspring;[t]
he will strike you on the head,
    and you will strike him on the heel.”

16 To the woman he said,

“I will greatly increase
    your pain in childbearing;[u]
    in pain you shall bear children.
And to your husband shall be your desire.
    And he shall rule over you.”

17 And to Adam[v] he said, “Because you listened to the voice of your wife and you ate from the tree from which I forbade you to eat,[w]

the ground shall be cursed on your account.
    In pain you shall eat from it
    all the days of your life.
18 And thorns and thistles shall sprout for you,
    and you shall eat the plants of the field.
19 By the sweat of your brow[x]
    you shall eat bread,
until your return to the ground.
    For from it you were taken;
for you are dust,
    and to dust you shall return.”

20 And the man[y] named[z] his wife Eve, because she was the mother of all life. 21 And Yahweh God made for Adam[aa] and for his wife garments of skin, and he clothed them.

22 And Yahweh God said, “Look—the man has become as one of us, to know good and evil. What if[ab] he stretches out his hand and takes also from the tree of life and eats, and lives forever?” 23 And Yahweh God sent him out from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from which he was taken. 24 So[ac] he drove the man out, and placed cherubim east of the garden of Eden, and a flaming, turning sword[ad] to guard the way to the tree of life.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 3:1 Literally “animal of the field”
  2. Genesis 3:5 The plural is in the context of v. 22 “one of us” and the plural suffix pronouns [[“you all”]] throughout the verse
  3. Genesis 3:6 Or “And”
  4. Genesis 3:6 Or “and”
  5. Genesis 3:7 Or “And”
  6. Genesis 3:8 Or “And”
  7. Genesis 3:8 Literally “at the wind of the day”
  8. Genesis 3:8 “The man” indicates the noun is singular and occurs with the definite article
  9. Genesis 3:9 “The man” indicates the noun is singular and occurs with the definite article
  10. Genesis 3:10 Literally “And he said”; “replied” distinguishes Adam as the speaker
  11. Genesis 3:11 That is, Yahweh God
  12. Genesis 3:11 Or “said”
  13. Genesis 3:11 Literally “the tree which I commanded to not eat from it”
  14. Genesis 3:12 “The man” indicates the noun is singular and occurs with the definite article
  15. Genesis 3:12 Or “said”
  16. Genesis 3:13 Or “And”
  17. Genesis 3:14 Or “And”
  18. Genesis 3:14 Literally “animal of the earth/land”
  19. Genesis 3:15 Literally “seed”
  20. Genesis 3:15 Literally “seed”
  21. Genesis 3:16 Literally “your pain and your childbearing”
  22. Genesis 3:17 The noun lacks the definite article and is taken as a proper noun in this context
  23. Genesis 3:17 Literally “from the tree which I commanded saying not to eat from it”
  24. Genesis 3:19 Literally “your face”
  25. Genesis 3:20 “The man” indicates the noun is singular and occurs with the definite article
  26. Genesis 3:20 Literally “called the name”
  27. Genesis 3:21 The noun lacks the definite article and is taken as a proper noun in this context
  28. Genesis 3:22 Literally “And now lest”
  29. Genesis 3:24 Or “And”
  30. Genesis 3:24 Literally “a flame of the sword which was turning”

The First Sin and Its Punishment

Now the serpent was more subtle than any other wild creature that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God say, ‘You shall not eat of any tree of the garden’?” And the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden; but God said, ‘You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.’” But the serpent said to the woman, “You will not die. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate; and she also gave some to her husband, and he ate. Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves aprons.

And they heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden. But the Lord God called to the man, and said to him, “Where are you?” 10 And he said, “I heard the sound of thee in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.” 11 He said, “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten of the tree of which I commanded you not to eat?” 12 The man said, “The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me fruit of the tree, and I ate.” 13 Then the Lord God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent beguiled me, and I ate.” 14 The Lord God said to the serpent,

“Because you have done this,
    cursed are you above all cattle,
    and above all wild animals;
upon your belly you shall go,
    and dust you shall eat
    all the days of your life.
15 I will put enmity between you and the woman,
    and between your seed and her seed;
he shall bruise your head,[a]
    and you shall bruise his heel.”

16 To the woman he said,

“I will greatly multiply your pain in childbearing;
    in pain you shall bring forth children,
yet your desire shall be for your husband,
    and he shall rule over you.”

17 And to Adam he said,

“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife,
    and have eaten of the tree
of which I commanded you,
    ‘You shall not eat of it,’
cursed is the ground because of you;
    in toil you shall eat of it all the days of your life;
18 thorns and thistles it shall bring forth to you;
    and you shall eat the plants of the field.
19 In the sweat of your face
    you shall eat bread
till you return to the ground,
    for out of it you were taken;
you are dust,
    and to dust you shall return.”

20 The man called his wife’s name Eve,[b] because she was the mother of all living. 21 And the Lord God made for Adam and for his wife garments of skins, and clothed them.

22 Then the Lord God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever”— 23 therefore the Lord God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from which he was taken. 24 He drove out the man; and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to guard the way to the tree of life.

Footnotes

  1. 3.15 he shall bruise your head: i.e., the seed of the woman, that is, mankind descended from Eve, will eventually gain the victory over the powers of evil. This victory will, of course, be gained through the work of the Messiah who is par excellence the seed of the woman. The Latin Vulgate has the reading ipsa conteret, “she shall bruise.” Some Old Latin manuscripts have this reading and it occurs also in St. Augustine, De Genesi contra Manichaeos, II, which is earlier than St. Jerome’s translation. It could be due originally to a copyist’s mistake, which was then seen to contain a genuine meaning—namely, that Mary, too, would have her share in the victory, inasmuch as she was mother of the Savior.
  2. Genesis 3:20 The name in Hebrew resembles the word for living

The Fall

Now the serpent(A) was more crafty than any of the wild animals the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?(B)

The woman said to the serpent, “We may eat fruit from the trees in the garden,(C) but God did say, ‘You must not eat fruit from the tree that is in the middle of the garden, and you must not touch it, or you will die.’”(D)

“You will not certainly die,” the serpent said to the woman.(E) “For God knows that when you eat from it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God,(F) knowing good and evil.”

When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable(G) for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband,(H) who was with her, and he ate it.(I) Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked;(J) so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves.(K)

Then the man and his wife heard the sound of the Lord God as he was walking(L) in the garden in the cool of the day, and they hid(M) from the Lord God among the trees of the garden. But the Lord God called to the man, “Where are you?”(N)

10 He answered, “I heard you in the garden, and I was afraid(O) because I was naked;(P) so I hid.”

11 And he said, “Who told you that you were naked?(Q) Have you eaten from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?(R)

12 The man said, “The woman you put here with me(S)—she gave me some fruit from the tree, and I ate it.”

13 Then the Lord God said to the woman, “What is this you have done?”

The woman said, “The serpent deceived me,(T) and I ate.”

14 So the Lord God said to the serpent, “Because you have done this,

“Cursed(U) are you above all livestock
    and all wild animals!
You will crawl on your belly
    and you will eat dust(V)
    all the days of your life.
15 And I will put enmity
    between you and the woman,
    and between your offspring[a](W) and hers;(X)
he will crush[b] your head,(Y)
    and you will strike his heel.”

16 To the woman he said,

“I will make your pains in childbearing very severe;
    with painful labor you will give birth to children.(Z)
Your desire will be for your husband,
    and he will rule over you.(AA)

17 To Adam he said, “Because you listened to your wife and ate fruit from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat from it,’(AB)

“Cursed(AC) is the ground(AD) because of you;
    through painful toil(AE) you will eat food from it
    all the days of your life.(AF)
18 It will produce thorns and thistles(AG) for you,
    and you will eat the plants of the field.(AH)
19 By the sweat of your brow(AI)
    you will eat your food(AJ)
until you return to the ground,
    since from it you were taken;
for dust you are
    and to dust you will return.”(AK)

20 Adam[c] named his wife Eve,[d](AL) because she would become the mother of all the living.

21 The Lord God made garments of skin for Adam and his wife and clothed them.(AM) 22 And the Lord God said, “The man has now become like one of us,(AN) knowing good and evil. He must not be allowed to reach out his hand and take also from the tree of life(AO) and eat, and live forever.” 23 So the Lord God banished him from the Garden of Eden(AP) to work the ground(AQ) from which he had been taken. 24 After he drove the man out, he placed on the east side[e] of the Garden of Eden(AR) cherubim(AS) and a flaming sword(AT) flashing back and forth to guard the way to the tree of life.(AU)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 3:15 Or seed
  2. Genesis 3:15 Or strike
  3. Genesis 3:20 Or The man
  4. Genesis 3:20 Eve probably means living.
  5. Genesis 3:24 Or placed in front