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祭司和大祭司洁净的条例

21 耶和华对摩西说:“你要告诉亚伦子孙作祭司的,对他们说:祭司不可在自己的族人中因死人玷污自己, 除非骨肉至亲,例如父母、儿女、兄弟, 或是仍是处女,未曾出嫁的姊妹等至亲,祭司才可以玷污自己。 祭司不可为了姻亲而玷污,亵渎自己的圣职(全句或译:“祭司既为族人的首领,就不可从俗玷污”)。 祭司不可剃光头发,胡须的周围不可剃掉,也不可纹身。 他们要成为圣,归向他们的 神,不可亵渎他们 神的名,因为他们奉献耶和华的火祭,他们 神的食物,所以他们要成为圣。 祭司不可娶被玷辱了的妓女为妻,也不可娶被丈夫离弃的女人为妻;因为祭司是归他的 神为圣的。 所以你要使他分别为圣,因为他把食物献给你的 神;你要以他为圣,因为我耶和华使你们分别为圣的,是圣洁的。 如果祭司的女儿羞辱自己去作妓女,就是羞辱了自己的父亲;她必须用火烧死。

10 “在兄弟中作大祭司的,头上倒了膏油,又受了圣职,得以穿著圣衣,就不可披头散发,也不可撕裂衣服。 11 不可走近死尸,也不可为了父母玷污自己。 12 他不可走出圣所,也不可亵渎他 神的圣所,因为他 神膏立了他,使他分别为圣,我是耶和华。 13 他要娶处女为妻。 14 寡妇、被休的妇人、受玷辱的妓女,他都不可以娶;他只可以娶自己族人中的处女为妻。 15 不可在自己的族人中,羞辱他的后裔,因为我是使他们分别为圣的耶和华。”

作祭司的限制

16 耶和华对摩西说: 17 “你要告诉亚伦:你世世代代的后裔中,有残疾的,就不可走近来献他 神的食物。 18 因为有残疾的,无论是瞎眼、瘸腿、五官不正、畸形、 19 断脚断手的、 20 驼背、矮小、眼睛有毛病、长癣、生疹,或是肾子损坏的,都不可走近来, 21 亚伦祭司的后裔中,有残疾的,都不可上前来献耶和华的火祭;他既有残疾,就不可上前来献他的 神的食物。 22 他 神的食物,无论是至圣的或是圣的,他都可以吃; 23 只因他有残疾,他就不可进到幔子前,也不可上前到我的祭坛那里,免得亵渎我的圣所;我是使他们分别为圣的耶和华。” 24 于是摩西告诉亚伦和亚伦的儿子,以及所有以色列人。

Regulations for Conduct of Priests(A)

21 And the Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the priests, the sons of Aaron, and say to them: (B)‘None shall defile himself for the dead among his people, except for his relatives who are nearest to him: his mother, his father, his son, his daughter, and his brother; also his virgin sister who is near to him, who has had no husband, for her he may defile himself. Otherwise he shall not defile himself, being a [a]chief man among his people, to profane himself.

(C)‘They shall not make any bald place on their heads, nor shall they shave the edges of their beards nor make any cuttings in their flesh. They shall be (D)holy to their God and not profane the name of their God, for they offer the offerings of the Lord made by fire, and the (E)bread of their God; (F)therefore they shall be holy. (G)They shall not take a wife who is a harlot or a defiled woman, nor shall they take a woman (H)divorced from her husband; for [b]the priest is holy to his God. Therefore you shall [c]consecrate him, for he offers the bread of your God. He shall be holy to you, for (I)I the Lord, who (J)sanctify you, am holy. The daughter of any priest, if she profanes herself by playing the harlot, she profanes her father. She shall be (K)burned with fire.

10 He who is the high priest among his brethren, on whose head the anointing oil was (L)poured and who is consecrated to wear the garments, shall not (M)uncover[d] his head nor tear his clothes; 11 nor shall he go (N)near any dead body, nor defile himself for his father or his mother; 12 (O)nor shall he go out of the sanctuary, nor profane the sanctuary of his God; for the (P)consecration of the anointing oil of his God is upon him: I am the Lord. 13 And he shall take a wife in her virginity. 14 A widow or a divorced woman or a defiled woman or a harlot—these he shall not marry; but he shall take a virgin of his own people as wife. 15 Nor shall he profane his posterity among his people, for I the Lord sanctify him.’ ”

16 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 17 “Speak to Aaron, saying: ‘No man of your descendants in succeeding generations, who has any defect, may approach to offer the bread of his God. 18 For any man who has a (Q)defect shall not approach: a man blind or lame, who has a marred face or any limb (R)too long, 19 a man who has a broken foot or broken hand, 20 or is a hunchback or a dwarf, or a man who has a defect in his eye, or eczema or scab, or is a eunuch. 21 No man of the descendants of Aaron the priest, who has a defect, shall come near to offer the offerings made by fire to the Lord. He has a defect; he shall not come near to offer the bread of his God. 22 He may eat the bread of his God, both the most holy and the holy; 23 only he shall not go near the (S)veil or approach the altar, because he has a defect, lest (T)he profane My sanctuaries; for I the Lord sanctify them.’ ”

24 And Moses told it to Aaron and his sons, and to all the children of Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 21:4 Lit. master or husband
  2. Leviticus 21:7 Lit. he
  3. Leviticus 21:8 set him apart
  4. Leviticus 21:10 In mourning

Holiness for All the Priests

21 The Lord spoke to Moses, “Tell the priests, Aaron’s sons: None of you should become unclean by touching one of your relatives who has died. However, you are allowed to become unclean when one of your nearest relatives dies. These relatives include your mother, father, son, daughter, or brother, and especially an unmarried virgin sister who is still close to you. As the head of your people, you should never become unclean. That would make you unholy.

“You should never mourn by shaving bald spots on your heads, shaving the edges of your beards, or slashing your bodies.

“Be God’s holy men, and don’t dishonor the name of your God. Be holy because you bring sacrifices by fire to the Lord. It is the food of your God. You should never marry prostitutes, those who have lost their virginity, or divorced women because a priest is God’s holy man. Be holy because you offer the food of your God. Be holy because I, the Lord, am holy. I set you apart as holy. When a priest’s daughter dishonors herself by becoming a prostitute, she dishonors her father. She must be burned.

Holiness for the Chief Priest

10 “The priest who is anointed with oil and wears the chief priest’s clothes is chief over his brothers. He must never mourn by leaving his hair uncombed or by tearing his clothes. 11 He must never go near any dead bodies or become unclean, even for his father or mother. 12 He must not leave the holy tent of his God. If he does, he will be dishonoring it, because he is dedicated with the anointing oil of his God. I am the Lord.

13 “The anointed priest must marry a virgin. 14 He must never marry a widow, a divorced woman, a woman who has lost her virginity, or a prostitute. He may only marry a virgin from his own people. 15 He must not dishonor his children among his people because I, the Lord, set him apart as holy.”

16 The Lord spoke to Moses, 17 “Tell Aaron: If any of your descendants (now or in future generations) has a physical defect, he must never bring food to offer to God. 18 Indeed, no one who has a physical defect may ever come near ⌞the altar⌟. That means anyone who is blind or lame, who has a disfigured face, a deformity, 19 or a crippled hand or foot, 20 who is a hunchback or dwarf, who has defective sight, skin diseases, or crushed testicles. 21 If a descendant of the priest Aaron has a physical defect, he must never bring sacrifices by fire to the Lord. He has a defect. He must never bring food to offer to God. 22 He may eat the food of his God—what is holy and what is very holy. 23 However, he must never come up to the canopy or to the altar, since he has a physical defect. He must never dishonor the holy places because I, the Lord, set them apart as holy.”

24 So Moses spoke to Aaron and his sons and to all the Israelites.

Leyes para el sacerdocio

21 Entonces el Señor dijo a Moisés: «Habla a los sacerdotes, los hijos de Aarón, y diles: “Ninguno se contamine con persona muerta entre su pueblo[a](A), salvo por sus parientes más cercanos, su madre, su padre, su hijo, su hija o su hermano(B), o por su hermana virgen, que está cerca de él, por no haber tenido marido; por ella puede contaminarse. No se contaminará como pariente por matrimonio entre su pueblo, pues él se profanaría. No se harán tonsura en la cabeza(C), ni se rasurarán los bordes de la barba(D), ni se harán sajaduras en su carne(E). Serán santos a su Dios y no profanarán el nombre de su Dios(F), porque presentarán las ofrendas encendidas al Señor(G), el alimento de su Dios; por tanto, ustedes serán santos. No tomarán mujer que haya sido profanada como ramera, ni tomarán mujer divorciada de su marido(H); porque el sacerdote es santo a su Dios. Lo consagrarás, pues, porque él ofrece el alimento de tu Dios(I); será santo para ti; porque Yo, el Señor que los santifico, soy santo. Y la hija de un sacerdote, si se profana como ramera, a su padre profana(J); en el fuego será quemada.

10 ”Y el que sea sumo sacerdote entre sus hermanos, sobre cuya cabeza haya sido derramado el aceite de la unción y que haya sido consagrado para llevar las vestiduras, no descubrirá su cabeza ni rasgará sus vestiduras(K). 11 No se acercará a ningún muerto(L), ni aun por su padre o por su madre se contaminará. 12 No saldrá del santuario ni profanará el santuario de su Dios(M), porque la consagración del aceite de la unción de su Dios está sobre él(N). Yo soy el Señor. 13 Tomará por mujer a una virgen. 14 De estas no tomará: viuda, divorciada o una profanada como ramera, sino que tomará por mujer a una virgen de su propio pueblo(O), 15 para que no profane a su descendencia entre su pueblo; porque Yo soy el Señor que lo santifico”».

16 Entonces el Señor habló a Moisés: 17 «Dile a Aarón: “Ningún hombre de tu descendencia, por todas sus generaciones, que tenga algún defecto, se acercará para ofrecer el alimento de su Dios(P). 18 Porque ninguno que tenga defecto se acercará(Q): ni ciego, ni cojo, ni uno que tenga el rostro desfigurado, o extremidad deformada, 19 ni hombre que tenga pie quebrado o mano quebrada, 20 ni jorobado, ni enano, ni uno que tenga defecto en un ojo, o sarna, o postillas, ni castrado(R). 21 Ningún hombre de la descendencia del sacerdote Aarón que tenga defecto se acercará para ofrecer las ofrendas encendidas del Señor; porque tiene defecto no se acercará para ofrecer el alimento de su Dios(S). 22 Podrá comer el alimento de su Dios(T), tanto de las cosas santísimas como de las sagradas, 23 solo que no ha de entrar hasta el velo o acercarse al altar, porque tiene defecto, para que no profane Mis santuarios; porque Yo soy el Señor que los santifico”». 24 Así habló Moisés a Aarón, a sus hijos y a todos los israelitas.

Footnotes

  1. 21:1 Lit. sus parientes y así en los vers. 4, 14 y 15.

Rules for Priests

21 The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the priests, the sons of Aaron,(A) and say to them: ‘A priest must not make himself ceremonially unclean(B) for any of his people who die,(C) except for a close relative, such as his mother or father,(D) his son or daughter, his brother, or an unmarried sister who is dependent on him since she has no husband—for her he may make himself unclean.(E) He must not make himself unclean for people related to him by marriage,[a] and so defile himself.

“‘Priests must not shave(F) their heads or shave off the edges of their beards(G) or cut their bodies.(H) They must be holy to their God(I) and must not profane the name of their God.(J) Because they present the food offerings to the Lord,(K) the food of their God,(L) they are to be holy.(M)

“‘They must not marry women defiled by prostitution or divorced from their husbands,(N) because priests are holy to their God.(O) Regard them as holy,(P) because they offer up the food of your God.(Q) Consider them holy, because I the Lord am holy—I who make you holy.(R)

“‘If a priest’s daughter defiles herself by becoming a prostitute, she disgraces her father; she must be burned in the fire.(S)

10 “‘The high priest, the one among his brothers who has had the anointing oil poured on his head(T) and who has been ordained to wear the priestly garments,(U) must not let his hair become unkempt[b] or tear his clothes.(V) 11 He must not enter a place where there is a dead body.(W) He must not make himself unclean,(X) even for his father or mother,(Y) 12 nor leave the sanctuary(Z) of his God or desecrate it, because he has been dedicated by the anointing oil(AA) of his God. I am the Lord.

13 “‘The woman he marries must be a virgin.(AB) 14 He must not marry a widow, a divorced woman, or a woman defiled by prostitution, but only a virgin from his own people, 15 so that he will not defile his offspring among his people. I am the Lord, who makes him holy.’”

16 The Lord said to Moses, 17 “Say to Aaron: ‘For the generations to come none of your descendants who has a defect(AC) may come near to offer the food of his God.(AD) 18 No man who has any defect(AE) may come near: no man who is blind(AF) or lame,(AG) disfigured or deformed; 19 no man with a crippled foot or hand, 20 or who is a hunchback or a dwarf, or who has any eye defect, or who has festering or running sores or damaged testicles.(AH) 21 No descendant of Aaron the priest who has any defect(AI) is to come near to present the food offerings to the Lord.(AJ) He has a defect; he must not come near to offer the food of his God.(AK) 22 He may eat the most holy food of his God,(AL) as well as the holy food; 23 yet because of his defect,(AM) he must not go near the curtain or approach the altar, and so desecrate my sanctuary.(AN) I am the Lord, who makes them holy.(AO)’”

24 So Moses told this to Aaron and his sons and to all the Israelites.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 21:4 Or unclean as a leader among his people
  2. Leviticus 21:10 Or not uncover his head