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多種皮膚病之條例

13 耶和華對摩西和亞倫說: “如果有人在皮肉上生了瘤,或癬,或火斑,後來皮肉變成了大痲風病症(本章病名多不能確定它們的學名。傳統翻譯作“痲風”的希伯來字,本章用來形容不同的皮膚病症),就要把他帶到一個作祭司的亞倫子孫那裡。 祭司要察看皮肉上的病症;如果患處的毛已經變白(“變白”或譯:“較其他皮肉色澤顯然為深”),病症的現象又深透皮下的肉,就是大痲風病症,祭司發現這樣,就要宣布他為不潔淨。 火斑若是在他的皮肉上發白,但沒有深透皮膚的現象,上面的毛也沒有變白,祭司就要把患者隔離七天。 到了第七天,祭司要察看他,如果看見病情止住了,皮上的患處沒有蔓延,祭司還要把他再隔離七天。 到了第七天,祭司要再察看他;如果看見患處色澤變淡,也沒有在皮上蔓延,祭司就要宣布他為潔淨,這不過是癬;他洗淨衣服,就得潔淨了。 但是祭司察看,宣布他潔淨以後,癬若是在皮上蔓延,他就要再次給祭司察看。 祭司要察看他;如果發現癬在皮上蔓延了,祭司就要宣布他為不潔淨;這是大痲風。

“如果有人感染到大痲風,就要帶他到祭司那裡。 10 祭司要察看,如果發現皮上有白色浮腫,毛已經變白,患處的肉紅腫, 11 這就是皮肉上的潛伏性痲風病發作,祭司要宣布他為不潔淨;不必隔離觀察,因為他已經不潔淨。 12 如果祭司認為痲風病已在皮上蔓延,從頭到腳遮滿了患病者全身的皮, 13 那麼祭司就要察看;如果看見痲風布滿了他的全身,祭司就要宣布那患病者為潔淨;因為全身變白,就算是潔淨。 14 但他身上甚麼時候出現紅腫的肉,他就成為不潔淨。 15 祭司發現那紅腫的肉,就要宣布他為不潔淨;紅腫的肉原來是不潔淨的,是痲風病。 16 但紅腫的肉若是再復原,又變成白,他就要到祭司那裡, 17 祭司要察看;如果看見患處變白了,祭司就要宣布那患病者為潔淨的;他就潔淨了。

18 “人若是在皮肉上生了瘡,已經醫好了; 19 但在長瘡之處又起了白色浮腫,或是白中帶紅的火斑,他就要給祭司察看。 20 祭司要察看;如果發現有深透皮膚的現象,上面的毛也變白了,祭司就要宣布他為不潔淨;這就是在瘡中發作出來的痲風病。 21 但如果祭司察看病情,看見上面沒有白毛,也沒有深透皮膚,只是發暗而已,祭司就要把他隔離七天; 22 如果在皮膚上蔓延,祭司就要宣布他為不潔淨;這就是痲風病。 23 火斑若是在原處止住,沒有蔓延,就是瘡的疤痕,祭司就要宣布他為潔淨。

24 “如果人的皮肉發炎,發炎紅腫的肉成了火斑,白中帶紅,或是純白, 25 祭司就要察看病情;如果發現火斑中的毛變白了,又有深透皮膚的現象,這就是從發炎發作出來的痲風病。祭司就要宣布他為不潔淨;這是痲風病。 26 但如果祭司察看病情,看見火斑中沒有白毛,也沒有深透皮膚,只是發暗而已,祭司就要把他隔離七天。 27 到了第七天,祭司要察看;火斑若是在皮上蔓延,祭司就要宣布他為不潔淨,這是痲風病。 28 火斑若是在原處止住,沒有在皮上蔓延,只是發暗而已,這是發炎腫瘤,祭司就要宣布他為潔淨,因為這只是發炎的疤痕。

29 “無論男女,如果在頭上或是鬍鬚上受到感染, 30 祭司要察看那病;如果發現有深透皮膚的現象,而且還有黃色細毛,祭司就要宣布他為不潔淨,這是癩痢,是頭上或是鬍鬚上的痲風病。 31 祭司察看癩痢的患處;如果看見沒有深透皮膚的現象,那裡也沒有黑毛,祭司就要把那患癩痢的人隔離七天。 32 到了第七天,祭司要察看患處;如果看見癩痢沒有蔓延,那裡也沒有黃毛,癩痢也沒有深透皮膚的現象, 33 那人就要剃去鬚髮,患癩痢的地方卻不可剃;祭司要把那患癩痢的人再隔離七天。 34 到了第七天,祭司要再察看那癩痢;如果看見癩痢在皮上沒有蔓延,也沒有深透皮膚的現象,祭司就要宣布他為潔淨;他洗淨衣服,就潔淨了。 35 但是他得潔淨以後,癩痢若是在皮上蔓延, 36 祭司就要察看;如果發現癩痢在皮上蔓延,祭司不必找黃毛,他已經不潔淨。 37 如果祭司認為,癩痢已經止住,那裡也長了黑毛;癩痢已經痊愈,那人就潔淨了,祭司要宣布他為潔淨。

38 “無論男女,皮肉上若是起了斑點,白色的斑點, 39 祭司就要察看;如果發現斑點在皮肉上呈灰白色,這是皮膚出疹,那人是潔淨的。

40 “人的頭髮若是掉下了,只不過是禿頭,還是潔淨的。 41 人的頭頂上若是掉下了頭髮,只不過是禿額,他還是潔淨的。 42 但是頭頂禿處或是額前禿處,若有白中帶紅的病症,這就是痲風病,在他的頭頂禿處或是額前處發作。 43 祭司就要察看,如果發現在他頭頂禿處或是額前禿處,有白中帶紅的浮腫病症,像皮肉上痲風病的現象, 44 那人就是患了痲風病,就不潔淨;祭司要宣布他為不潔淨,那人頭上染了痲風。

45 “身上患有痲風病的人,要撕裂自己的衣服,披頭散髮,遮蓋上唇喊叫:‘不潔淨!不潔淨!’ 46 在他患病的日子裡,他是不潔淨的;他既然不潔淨,就要獨居,住在營外。

有關患痲風病人衣服之條例

47 “染了痲風病的衣服,無論是羊毛衣服或是麻布衣服; 48 不論是編結的或是紡織的;是麻布的或是羊毛的;是皮子或是皮子做成的任何物件; 49 病症若是在衣服或皮子、編結物或紡織物,或任何皮子做成的器具上發綠或發紅,那就是發霉(“發霉”與“惡性皮膚病”是同一希伯來字)的現象,要給祭司察看。 50 祭司要察看那現象,把染了病症之物隔離七天。 51 到了第七天,祭司要察看那病症;如果那病症在衣服、編結物、紡織物、皮子,或是任何皮子做成的物件上蔓延,這就是頑惡的霉,那件物件就不潔淨了。 52 染上病症的衣服,無論是編結的或是紡織的,是羊毛或是麻布,或任何皮子做的物件,都要燒掉。因為那是頑惡的霉,所以要用火燒掉。

53 “但如果祭司察看病症,在衣服、編結物、紡織物,或是皮子做的任何物件上,沒有蔓延, 54 祭司就要吩咐人把它洗淨,然後再隔離七天。 55 洗淨以後,祭司要察看;如果看見那病症沒有轉變,雖然沒有蔓延,那物件仍是不潔淨;要用火把它燒掉,因為裡外都腐蝕了。

56 “但如果祭司察看的時候,看見它洗淨以後,色澤暗淡了,就要把那部分從衣服或是皮子、編結物或紡織物上撕下來。 57 如果病症再出現在剩下的衣服、編結物、紡織物或任何皮子做的物件上,那就是病症仍然發作,染了病症的物件,要用火燒掉。 58 如果病症離開了,經過洗淨,剩下的衣服,無論編結的或是紡織的,或任何皮子做的物件,只要再洗一次,就潔淨了。”

59 以上是與羊毛衣服或是麻布衣服、編結的或紡織的或任何皮子做的物件有關的發霉律例,可以斷定潔淨,或是不潔淨。

有關痲瘋病的條例

13 耶和華對摩西和亞倫說:

「如果有人皮膚上長腫包、皮疹或白斑,出現痲瘋病[a]症狀,要將他帶到祭司亞倫或亞倫做祭司的子孫那裡。 祭司要檢查患處,如果患處凹陷,患處的毛髮變白,就是痲瘋病,要宣佈他是不潔淨的。 如果那人的患處有白斑,沒有凹陷,患處的毛髮也沒有變白,祭司要把他隔離七天。 第七天,祭司要再次檢查患處,如果患處沒有惡化,沒有擴散,祭司要把他再隔離七天。 第七天,祭司要再次檢查,如果患處顏色變淡,也沒有擴散,祭司要宣佈他是潔淨的。他患的不過是皮疹,他要洗淨衣物,便會潔淨。 如果祭司已查看並宣佈他是潔淨的,但皮疹又擴散,他必須再去見祭司。 祭司檢查時,如果發現皮疹已擴散,就要宣佈他是不潔淨的,患了痲瘋病。

「如果有人患痲瘋病,必須將他帶到祭司面前。 10 祭司檢查時,如果發現他皮膚上有白色腫包,毛髮變白,患處出現瘡口, 11 他就是患了慢性痲瘋病,祭司要宣佈他是不潔淨的。他無須被隔離,因他已經不潔淨。 12 如果他的痲瘋病已擴散,頭上腳上到處可見, 13 祭司就要檢查。如果發現痲瘋病已擴散到他全身,全身的皮膚變白,祭司就要宣佈他是潔淨的。 14 但如果他身上出現潰爛之處,他便不潔淨。 15 祭司看到他身上的潰爛之處,就要宣佈他是不潔淨的,因為那潰爛之處表明他患了痲瘋病。 16 如果潰爛之處痊癒並變白,他就要去見祭司。 17 祭司檢查時,若發現潰爛之處確已變白,就要宣佈他是潔淨的,他便潔淨了。

18 「如果有人身上長瘡,又痊癒了, 19 但原患處出現白色腫包或白裡帶紅的斑,他就要去讓祭司檢查。 20 祭司檢查時,若發現患處凹陷,患處的毛髮變白,就要宣佈他是不潔淨的。這是瘡變成了痲瘋病。 21 但祭司檢查時,若發現患處沒有白毛,沒有凹陷,肉色變淡,就要把他隔離七天。 22 隔離期間,若患處擴散,祭司要宣佈他是不潔淨的,是患了痲瘋病。 23 如果患處的斑原樣未變,沒有擴散,便是瘡疤,祭司要宣佈他是潔淨的。

24 「如果有人被火燒傷,患處變白或白中帶紅, 25 祭司要檢查他的患處。如果患處的毛髮變白,傷口凹陷,他的燒傷已變成痲瘋病,祭司要宣佈他是不潔淨的,因為他患了痲瘋病。 26 祭司檢查時,若發現患處沒有白毛,傷口沒有凹陷,顏色變淡,就要把他隔離七天。 27 第七天,祭司要再次檢查,若發現患處擴散,就要宣佈他是不潔淨的,因為他患了痲瘋病。 28 如果患處沒有擴散,顏色變淡,就是燒傷引起的腫包,祭司要宣佈他是潔淨的,因為那不過是燒傷的疤痕。

29 「如果有男女頭上或下巴長瘡, 30 祭司要檢查患處,若發現患處凹陷,上面有黃色細毛,就要宣佈那人是不潔淨的,因為那是疥癬,是痲瘋病。 31 祭司檢查時,若發現患處沒有凹陷,沒有黑毛,就要將那人隔離七天。 32 第七天,祭司要檢查患處,若發現疥癬沒有擴散,上面沒有黃毛,患處沒有凹陷, 33 那人要剃去頭髮和鬍鬚,但不可剃患處的毛髮。祭司要將他再隔離七天。 34 第七天,祭司要再次檢查,若發現疥癬沒有擴散,患處沒有凹陷,就要宣佈那人是潔淨的。那人要洗淨衣服,便潔淨了。 35 那人潔淨以後,疥癬若再次擴散, 36 祭司就要再次檢查。如果疥癬確已擴散,祭司不必再找黃毛,那人是不潔淨的。 37 如果祭司看到疥癬原樣未變,患處長出黑毛,那人就已經痊癒,是潔淨的。祭司要宣佈那人是潔淨的。

38 「如果有男女身上長白斑, 39 祭司要檢查患處,若發現斑呈灰白色,就是皮疹,那人是潔淨的。

40 「如果有人脫髮,成了禿頭,他是潔淨的。 41 如果有人前額脫髮,他只是前額光禿,仍是潔淨的。 42 如果在光禿的頭上或前額上長出白裡帶紅的瘡,那就是痲瘋病。 43 祭司要檢查患處,若發現瘡周圍腫脹,看起來像痲瘋病, 44 就是得了痲瘋病,那人是不潔淨的。祭司要宣佈那人是不潔淨的。

45 「患痲瘋病的人必須撕裂衣服,披頭散髮,遮住臉的下半部,高喊『不潔淨!不潔淨!』 46 只要病不痊癒,他就不潔淨,要獨自住在營外。

黴變衣物的條例

47 「如果衣物出現黴斑,不論是羊毛衣、細麻衣、 48 羊毛織品、細麻織品,還是皮革或皮革製品, 49 只要發現黴斑是綠色或紅色的,那就是黴變,要拿給祭司檢查。 50 祭司檢查後,要把那衣物隔離七天。 51 第七天,祭司要再次檢查,若發現衣物、編織品或皮革上的黴斑蔓延,那衣物就是不潔淨的。 52 不論那是衣服、羊毛或細麻織品,還是皮革製品,祭司都必須把它燒掉,因為那是黴變。必須燒掉黴變的衣物。 53 如果祭司發現衣服、編織品或皮革上的黴斑沒有蔓延, 54 就要吩咐人洗淨衣物,再隔離七天。 55 之後,祭司要再次檢查洗過的衣物,若發現黴斑原樣未變,即使沒有蔓延,那衣物也是不潔淨的。無論衣物裡面還是外面黴變,都必須把它燒掉。 56 如果祭司發現洗過後黴斑退色,就要把黴變的部分從衣服、皮革、編織品上撕下來。 57 以後衣物、編織品或皮革上若再次出現黴斑,便是舊患復發,要把它燒掉。 58 如果洗過衣服、編織品或皮革後,黴斑消失了,要再洗一次就潔淨了。

59 「羊毛衣、細麻衣、編織品或皮革製品出現黴變時,以上條例可用來鑒定這些衣物是否潔淨。」

Footnotes

  1. 13·2 痲瘋病」此處為傳統譯法,希伯來文的意思指包括痲瘋病在內的各種嚴重皮膚病。

13 And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron, saying,

When a man shall have in the skin of his flesh a rising, a scab, or bright spot, and it be in the skin of his flesh like the plague of leprosy; then he shall be brought unto Aaron the priest, or unto one of his sons the priests:

And the priest shall look on the plague in the skin of the flesh: and when the hair in the plague is turned white, and the plague in sight be deeper than the skin of his flesh, it is a plague of leprosy: and the priest shall look on him, and pronounce him unclean.

If the bright spot be white in the skin of his flesh, and in sight be not deeper than the skin, and the hair thereof be not turned white; then the priest shall shut up him that hath the plague seven days:

And the priest shall look on him the seventh day: and, behold, if the plague in his sight be at a stay, and the plague spread not in the skin; then the priest shall shut him up seven days more:

And the priest shall look on him again the seventh day: and, behold, if the plague be somewhat dark, and the plague spread not in the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean: it is but a scab: and he shall wash his clothes, and be clean.

But if the scab spread much abroad in the skin, after that he hath been seen of the priest for his cleansing, he shall be seen of the priest again.

And if the priest see that, behold, the scab spreadeth in the skin, then the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a leprosy.

When the plague of leprosy is in a man, then he shall be brought unto the priest;

10 And the priest shall see him: and, behold, if the rising be white in the skin, and it have turned the hair white, and there be quick raw flesh in the rising;

11 It is an old leprosy in the skin of his flesh, and the priest shall pronounce him unclean, and shall not shut him up: for he is unclean.

12 And if a leprosy break out abroad in the skin, and the leprosy cover all the skin of him that hath the plague from his head even to his foot, wheresoever the priest looketh;

13 Then the priest shall consider: and, behold, if the leprosy have covered all his flesh, he shall pronounce him clean that hath the plague: it is all turned white: he is clean.

14 But when raw flesh appeareth in him, he shall be unclean.

15 And the priest shall see the raw flesh, and pronounce him to be unclean: for the raw flesh is unclean: it is a leprosy.

16 Or if the raw flesh turn again, and be changed unto white, he shall come unto the priest;

17 And the priest shall see him: and, behold, if the plague be turned into white; then the priest shall pronounce him clean that hath the plague: he is clean.

18 The flesh also, in which, even in the skin thereof, was a boil, and is healed,

19 And in the place of the boil there be a white rising, or a bright spot, white, and somewhat reddish, and it be shewed to the priest;

20 And if, when the priest seeth it, behold, it be in sight lower than the skin, and the hair thereof be turned white; the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a plague of leprosy broken out of the boil.

21 But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and if it be not lower than the skin, but be somewhat dark; then the priest shall shut him up seven days:

22 And if it spread much abroad in the skin, then the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a plague.

23 But if the bright spot stay in his place, and spread not, it is a burning boil; and the priest shall pronounce him clean.

24 Or if there be any flesh, in the skin whereof there is a hot burning, and the quick flesh that burneth have a white bright spot, somewhat reddish, or white;

25 Then the priest shall look upon it: and, behold, if the hair in the bright spot be turned white, and it be in sight deeper than the skin; it is a leprosy broken out of the burning: wherefore the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is the plague of leprosy.

26 But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hair in the bright spot, and it be no lower than the other skin, but be somewhat dark; then the priest shall shut him up seven days:

27 And the priest shall look upon him the seventh day: and if it be spread much abroad in the skin, then the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is the plague of leprosy.

28 And if the bright spot stay in his place, and spread not in the skin, but it be somewhat dark; it is a rising of the burning, and the priest shall pronounce him clean: for it is an inflammation of the burning.

29 If a man or woman have a plague upon the head or the beard;

30 Then the priest shall see the plague: and, behold, if it be in sight deeper than the skin; and there be in it a yellow thin hair; then the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a dry scall, even a leprosy upon the head or beard.

31 And if the priest look on the plague of the scall, and, behold, it be not in sight deeper than the skin, and that there is no black hair in it; then the priest shall shut up him that hath the plague of the scall seven days:

32 And in the seventh day the priest shall look on the plague: and, behold, if the scall spread not, and there be in it no yellow hair, and the scall be not in sight deeper than the skin;

33 He shall be shaven, but the scall shall he not shave; and the priest shall shut up him that hath the scall seven days more:

34 And in the seventh day the priest shall look on the scall: and, behold, if the scall be not spread in the skin, nor be in sight deeper than the skin; then the priest shall pronounce him clean: and he shall wash his clothes, and be clean.

35 But if the scall spread much in the skin after his cleansing;

36 Then the priest shall look on him: and, behold, if the scall be spread in the skin, the priest shall not seek for yellow hair; he is unclean.

37 But if the scall be in his sight at a stay, and that there is black hair grown up therein; the scall is healed, he is clean: and the priest shall pronounce him clean.

38 If a man also or a woman have in the skin of their flesh bright spots, even white bright spots;

39 Then the priest shall look: and, behold, if the bright spots in the skin of their flesh be darkish white; it is a freckled spot that groweth in the skin; he is clean.

40 And the man whose hair is fallen off his head, he is bald; yet is he clean.

41 And he that hath his hair fallen off from the part of his head toward his face, he is forehead bald: yet is he clean.

42 And if there be in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white reddish sore; it is a leprosy sprung up in his bald head, or his bald forehead.

43 Then the priest shall look upon it: and, behold, if the rising of the sore be white reddish in his bald head, or in his bald forehead, as the leprosy appeareth in the skin of the flesh;

44 He is a leprous man, he is unclean: the priest shall pronounce him utterly unclean; his plague is in his head.

45 And the leper in whom the plague is, his clothes shall be rent, and his head bare, and he shall put a covering upon his upper lip, and shall cry, Unclean, unclean.

46 All the days wherein the plague shall be in him he shall be defiled; he is unclean: he shall dwell alone; without the camp shall his habitation be.

47 The garment also that the plague of leprosy is in, whether it be a woollen garment, or a linen garment;

48 Whether it be in the warp, or woof; of linen, or of woollen; whether in a skin, or in any thing made of skin;

49 And if the plague be greenish or reddish in the garment, or in the skin, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in any thing of skin; it is a plague of leprosy, and shall be shewed unto the priest:

50 And the priest shall look upon the plague, and shut up it that hath the plague seven days:

51 And he shall look on the plague on the seventh day: if the plague be spread in the garment, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in a skin, or in any work that is made of skin; the plague is a fretting leprosy; it is unclean.

52 He shall therefore burn that garment, whether warp or woof, in woollen or in linen, or any thing of skin, wherein the plague is: for it is a fretting leprosy; it shall be burnt in the fire.

53 And if the priest shall look, and, behold, the plague be not spread in the garment, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in any thing of skin;

54 Then the priest shall command that they wash the thing wherein the plague is, and he shall shut it up seven days more:

55 And the priest shall look on the plague, after that it is washed: and, behold, if the plague have not changed his colour, and the plague be not spread; it is unclean; thou shalt burn it in the fire; it is fret inward, whether it be bare within or without.

56 And if the priest look, and, behold, the plague be somewhat dark after the washing of it; then he shall rend it out of the garment, or out of the skin, or out of the warp, or out of the woof:

57 And if it appear still in the garment, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in any thing of skin; it is a spreading plague: thou shalt burn that wherein the plague is with fire.

58 And the garment, either warp, or woof, or whatsoever thing of skin it be, which thou shalt wash, if the plague be departed from them, then it shall be washed the second time, and shall be clean.

59 This is the law of the plague of leprosy in a garment of woollen or linen, either in the warp, or woof, or any thing of skins, to pronounce it clean, or to pronounce it unclean.