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獻凡火干罪

10 亞倫的兒子拿答和亞比戶各拿著自己的香爐,盛上火,加上香,在耶和華面前獻上平常的火,是耶和華沒有命令他們獻的。 那時有火從耶和華面前出來,把他們燒滅,他們就死在耶和華面前。 於是摩西對亞倫說:“這就是耶和華曾經告訴我們的,他說:

‘在親近我的人中,我要顯為聖,

在眾人面前,我要得榮耀。’”

亞倫就默然無語。 摩西把亞倫叔父烏薛的兒子米沙利和以利撒反召了來,對他們說:“你們上前來,把你們的兄弟從聖所前抬到營外去。” 於是二人走近來,照著摩西的吩咐,把他們連同他們的衣服抬到營外去。 摩西對亞倫和他的兒子以利亞撒和以他瑪說:“你們不要披頭散髮,不可撕裂你們的衣服,免得你們死亡,又免得耶和華向全體會眾發怒。你們的親族,以色列全家,卻要為耶和華所燒死的人哀哭(“要為耶和華……哀哭”或譯:“要為耶和華所燃起的焚燒哀哭”)。 你們也不可走出會幕的門口,免得你們死亡,因為耶和華的膏油在你們身上。”他們就照著摩西的話行。

耶和華對亞倫說: “你和你的兒子一起進會幕的時候,淡酒烈酒都不可喝,免得你們死亡,這要作你們世世代代永遠的律例; 10 使你們可以把聖的和俗的,潔淨的和不潔淨的,分辨清楚; 11 可以把耶和華藉著摩西告訴以色列人的一切律例,教訓他們。”

重申祭司的分與權利

12 摩西對亞倫和他剩下的兒子以利亞撒和以他瑪說:“獻給耶和華的火祭中剩下的素祭,你們要拿來在祭壇旁邊作無酵餅吃,因為這是至聖的。 13 你們要在聖潔的地方吃,在獻與耶和華的火祭中,這是你和你兒子的分,因為耶和華是這樣吩咐我。 14 至於作搖祭的胸和作舉祭的後腿,你們也要在潔淨的地方吃,你和你的兒女要一起吃,這是從以色列人獻的平安祭中,給你和你兒子的分。 15 至於作舉祭的後腿,作搖祭的胸,他們要與火祭的脂肪一同帶來,當作搖祭,在耶和華面前搖一搖。這都要歸給你和與你在一起的兒子,當作永遠的律例,都是照著耶和華所吩咐的。”

16 那時,摩西急切地尋找那作贖罪祭的公山羊,發現已經燒了;他就向亞倫剩下的兒子以利亞撒和以他瑪發怒,說: 17 “這贖罪祭是至聖的,耶和華又把祭肉給你們,要叫你們擔當會眾的罪孽,在耶和華面前為他們贖罪,你們為甚麼沒有在聖潔的地方吃呢? 18 這祭牲的血既然沒有帶進聖所裡去,你們就應該照著我所吩咐的,在聖所裡吃這祭肉。” 19 亞倫對摩西說:“今天他們在耶和華面前已經獻了贖罪祭和燔祭,而且有這樣的災禍臨到我;如果今天我吃了贖罪祭的祭肉,耶和華怎能看為美好呢?” 20 摩西聽了,也覺得合理。

Nadab and Abihu

10 Aaron’s sons Nadab(A) and Abihu(B) each took his own firepan,(C) put fire in it, placed incense on it,(D) and presented unauthorised(E) fire before the Lord, which he had not commanded them to do. Then fire came from the Lord(F) and consumed them, and they died before the Lord.(G) Moses said to Aaron, ‘This is what the Lord has spoken:

I will demonstrate my holiness[a](H)
to those who are near me,(I)
and I will reveal my glory[b](J)
before all the people.’

And Aaron remained silent.

Moses summoned Mishael and Elzaphan,(K) sons of Aaron’s uncle Uzziel,(L) and said to them, ‘Come here and carry your relatives away from the front of the sanctuary to a place outside the camp.’(M) So they came forward and carried them in their tunics outside the camp, as Moses had said.

Then Moses said to Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar,(N) ‘Do not let your hair hang loose(O) and do not tear your clothes,(P) or else you will die, and the Lord will become angry(Q) with the whole community. However, your brothers, the whole house of Israel, may weep(R) over the fire that the Lord caused. You must not go outside the entrance to the tent of meeting or you will die, for the Lord’s anointing oil(S) is on you.’ So they did as Moses said.

Regulations for Priests

The Lord spoke to Aaron: ‘You and your sons are not to drink wine(T) or beer(U) when you enter the tent of meeting, or else you will die; this is a permanent statute(V) throughout your generations. 10 You must distinguish(W) between the holy and the common,(X) and the clean and the unclean,(Y) 11 and teach the Israelites all the statutes(Z) that the Lord has given to them through Moses.’

12 Moses spoke to Aaron and his remaining sons, Eleazar and Ithamar: ‘Take the grain offering that is left over from the food offerings(AA) to the Lord, and eat it prepared without yeast beside the altar, because it is especially holy. 13 You must eat it in a holy place because it is your portion[c] and your sons’ from the food offerings to the Lord, for this is what I was commanded. 14 But you and your sons and your daughters may eat the breast of the presentation offering and the thigh of the contribution in any ceremonially clean place, because these portions have been assigned to you and your children from the Israelites’ fellowship sacrifices. 15 They are to bring the thigh of the contribution and the breast of the presentation offering, together with the food offerings of the fat portions, to present as a presentation offering before the Lord. It will belong permanently(AB) to you and your children, as the Lord commanded.’

16 Then Moses enquired carefully about the male goat of the sin offering, but it had already been burned up. He was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s surviving sons, and asked, 17 ‘Why didn’t you eat the sin offering in the sanctuary area?(AC) For it is especially holy, and he has assigned it to you to take away the guilt(AD) of the community(AE) and make atonement for them before the Lord. 18 Since its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary, you should have eaten it in the sanctuary area, as I commanded.’(AF)

19 But Aaron replied to Moses, ‘See, today they presented their sin offering and their burnt offering before the Lord. Since these things have happened to me, if I had eaten the sin offering today, would it have been acceptable in the Lord’s sight? ’ 20 When Moses heard this, it was acceptable to him.[d]

Footnotes

  1. 10:3 Or will be treated as holy
  2. 10:3 Or will be glorified
  3. 10:13 Or statute
  4. 10:20 Lit acceptable in his sight

The Deaths of Nadab and Abihu

10 And Aaron’s sons Nadab and Abihu each took his censer, and they put fire in them and placed incense on it;[a] then[b] they presented before[c] Yahweh illegitimate fire, which he had not commanded them. So[d] fire went out from before[e] Yahweh, and it consumed them so that[f] they died before[g] Yahweh. Therefore[h] Moses said to Aaron, “This is what Yahweh spoke, saying, ‘Among those who are close to me I will show myself holy, and in the presence of[i] all the people I will display my glory.’”[j] So[k] Aaron was silent.

Then[l] Moses summoned Mishael and Elzaphan the sons of Uzziel, Aaron’s uncle, and he said to them, “Come forward.[m] Carry your brothers from the front of[n] the sanctuary to outside the camp.”[o] So[p] they came forward,[q] and they carried them outside the camp[r] in their tunics, just as Moses had ordered.

Then[s] Moses said to Aaron and to his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, “You must not let your hair hang loosely, and you must not tear your garments, so that[t] you will not die and he[u] will be angry with all the community. But[v] your brothers, all the house of Israel, may weep because of the burning that Yahweh caused,[w] but[x] you must not go out from the entrance to[y] the tent of assembly lest you die, because Yahweh’s anointing oil is on you.” So[z] they did according to Moses’ word.

Lasting Statutes

Then[aa] Yahweh spoke to Aaron, saying, “You and your sons with you may not drink wine or[ab] strong drink when you come to the tent of assembly, so that[ac] you will not die—it is a lasting statute for your[ad] generations— 10 and to distinguish between the holy and the unholy,[ae] as well as[af] between the unclean and the clean, 11 and to teach the Israelites[ag] all the rules that Yahweh has spoken to them through[ah] Moses.”

12 Then[ai] Moses spoke to Aaron and to his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, “As for the remaining parts,[aj] take the remainder of the grain offering from Yahweh’s offerings made by fire and eat it, the unleavened bread, beside the altar, because it is a most holy thing.[ak] 13 And you shall eat it in a holy place, because it is your allotted portion and the allotted portion of your sons from Yahweh’s offerings made by fire, for so I have been commanded. 14 And the wave offering’s breast section and the upper thigh of the contribution offering you[al] must eat in a clean place, you and your sons and your daughters with you, because they are given as your allotted portion and your sons’ allotted portion from the sacrifices of the Israelites[am] fellowship offerings. 15 They must bring the thigh of the contribution offering and the breast section of the wave offering in addition to the offerings made by fire, consisting of the fat portions, to wave as a wave offering before[an] Yahweh; and it will be for you and for your sons with you as a lasting rule, just as Yahweh had commanded.”

The Problem of the Uneaten Sin Offering

16 Then[ao] Moses sought all over for the goat of the sin offering and behold, it was burned up. So[ap] he was angry with Aaron’s remaining sons Eleazar and Ithamar, saying, 17 “Why did you not eat the sin offering on the sanctuary’s site, because it is a most holy thing?[aq] And he gave it to you to remove the community’s guilt, to make atonement for them before[ar] Yahweh. 18 Look, its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary.[as] Certainly you should have eaten it in the sanctuary, as I commanded.”

19 So[at] Aaron said to Moses, “Look, today they presented their sin offering and their burnt offering before[au] Yahweh, and things such as these have happened to me, and if I were to eat a sin offering today, would it have been good in Yahweh’s eyes?” 20 When[av] Moses heard, it[aw] was good in his eyes.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 10:1 That is, the fire
  2. Leviticus 10:1 Or “and”
  3. Leviticus 10:1 Literally “to the faces of”
  4. Leviticus 10:2 Or “And”
  5. Leviticus 10:2 Literally “from to the faces of”
  6. Leviticus 10:2 Or “and”
  7. Leviticus 10:2 Literally “to the faces of”
  8. Leviticus 10:3 Or “And”
  9. Leviticus 10:3 Literally “upon the faces of”
  10. Leviticus 10:3 Or “I will be glorified”
  11. Leviticus 10:3 Or “And”
  12. Leviticus 10:4 Or “And”
  13. Leviticus 10:4 Or “Come near” or “Approach”
  14. Leviticus 10:4 Literally “the faces of”
  15. Leviticus 10:4 Literally “from an outside place of the camp”
  16. Leviticus 10:5 Or “And”
  17. Leviticus 10:5 Or “came near” or “approached”
  18. Leviticus 10:5 Literally “to from an outside place of the camp”
  19. Leviticus 10:6 Or “And”
  20. Leviticus 10:6 Or “and”
  21. Leviticus 10:6 That is, God
  22. Leviticus 10:6 Or “And”
  23. Leviticus 10:6 Literally “the burning that Yahweh burned”
  24. Leviticus 10:7 Or “and”
  25. Leviticus 10:7 Or “of”
  26. Leviticus 10:7 Or “And”
  27. Leviticus 10:8 Or “And”
  28. Leviticus 10:9 Or “and”
  29. Leviticus 10:9 Or “and”
  30. Leviticus 10:9 Plural
  31. Leviticus 10:10 Or “the common”
  32. Leviticus 10:10 Or “and”
  33. Leviticus 10:11 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  34. Leviticus 10:11 Literally “by the hand of”
  35. Leviticus 10:12 Or “And”
  36. Leviticus 10:12 Implied by plural form of noun and the immediate context
  37. Leviticus 10:12 Literally “a holiness of holinesses”
  38. Leviticus 10:14 Plural
  39. Leviticus 10:14 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  40. Leviticus 10:15 Literally “to the faces of”
  41. Leviticus 10:16 Or “And”
  42. Leviticus 10:16 Or “And”
  43. Leviticus 10:17 Literally “a holiness of holinesses”
  44. Leviticus 10:17 Literally “to the faces of”
  45. Leviticus 10:18 Or “to the sanctuary inside” or “to the sanctuary within”
  46. Leviticus 10:19 Or “And”
  47. Leviticus 10:19 Literally “to the faces of”
  48. Leviticus 10:20 Or “And”
  49. Leviticus 10:20 Or “and it”

The Death of Nadab and Abihu

10 Aaron’s sons Nadab and Abihu(A) took their censers,(B) put fire in them(C) and added incense;(D) and they offered unauthorized fire before the Lord,(E) contrary to his command.(F) So fire came out(G) from the presence of the Lord and consumed them,(H) and they died before the Lord.(I) Moses then said to Aaron, “This is what the Lord spoke of when he said:

“‘Among those who approach me(J)
    I will be proved holy;(K)
in the sight of all the people
    I will be honored.(L)’”

Aaron remained silent.

Moses summoned Mishael and Elzaphan,(M) sons of Aaron’s uncle Uzziel,(N) and said to them, “Come here; carry your cousins outside the camp,(O) away from the front of the sanctuary.(P) So they came and carried them, still in their tunics,(Q) outside the camp, as Moses ordered.

Then Moses said to Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar,(R) “Do not let your hair become unkempt[a](S) and do not tear your clothes,(T) or you will die and the Lord will be angry with the whole community.(U) But your relatives, all the Israelites, may mourn(V) for those the Lord has destroyed by fire. Do not leave the entrance to the tent of meeting(W) or you will die, because the Lord’s anointing oil(X) is on you.” So they did as Moses said.

Then the Lord said to Aaron, “You and your sons are not to drink wine(Y) or other fermented drink(Z) whenever you go into the tent of meeting, or you will die. This is a lasting ordinance(AA) for the generations to come, 10 so that you can distinguish between the holy and the common, between the unclean and the clean,(AB) 11 and so you can teach(AC) the Israelites all the decrees the Lord has given them through Moses.(AD)

12 Moses said to Aaron and his remaining sons, Eleazar and Ithamar, “Take the grain offering(AE) left over from the food offerings prepared without yeast and presented to the Lord and eat it beside the altar,(AF) for it is most holy. 13 Eat it in the sanctuary area,(AG) because it is your share and your sons’ share of the food offerings presented to the Lord; for so I have been commanded.(AH) 14 But you and your sons and your daughters may eat the breast(AI) that was waved and the thigh that was presented. Eat them in a ceremonially clean place;(AJ) they have been given to you and your children as your share of the Israelites’ fellowship offerings. 15 The thigh(AK) that was presented and the breast that was waved must be brought with the fat portions of the food offerings, to be waved before the Lord as a wave offering.(AL) This will be the perpetual share for you and your children, as the Lord has commanded.”

16 When Moses inquired about the goat of the sin offering[b](AM) and found that it had been burned up, he was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s remaining sons, and asked, 17 “Why didn’t you eat the sin offering(AN) in the sanctuary area? It is most holy; it was given to you to take away the guilt(AO) of the community by making atonement for them before the Lord. 18 Since its blood was not taken into the Holy Place,(AP) you should have eaten the goat in the sanctuary area, as I commanded.(AQ)

19 Aaron replied to Moses, “Today they sacrificed their sin offering and their burnt offering(AR) before the Lord, but such things as this have happened to me. Would the Lord have been pleased if I had eaten the sin offering today?” 20 When Moses heard this, he was satisfied.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 10:6 Or Do not uncover your heads
  2. Leviticus 10:16 Or purification offering; also in verses 17 and 19