创世记 38
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
犹大与她玛
38 那时，犹大离开了他的兄弟们，到亚杜兰人希拉的家里住。 2 他在那里遇见了迦南人书亚的女儿，就娶她为妻，与她同房。 3 她怀孕生了一个儿子，犹大给他取名叫珥。 4 她又怀孕生了一个儿子，给他取名叫俄南。 5 她再次怀孕生了一个儿子，给他取名叫示拉。示拉是在基悉出生的。
6 犹大给长子珥娶了她玛为妻。 7 耶和华见珥行为邪恶，就取走了他的性命。 8 犹大对俄南说：“你要与哥哥的妻子她玛同房，向她尽你做弟弟的本分，好替你哥哥传宗接代。” 9 俄南知道生了儿子也不归自己，所以每次与她玛同房都把精液遗在地上，免得给他哥哥留后。 10 耶和华见俄南行为邪恶，就取走了他的性命。 11 犹大恐怕示拉会像他的两个哥哥一样死去，就对儿媳她玛说：“示拉还没有长大，你先回娘家守寡吧。”
12 多年后，犹大的妻子，即书亚的女儿死了，等到守丧的日子满了，犹大就和他的朋友亚杜兰人希拉去亭拿，到替他剪羊毛的人那里。 13 有人告诉她玛说：“你公公到亭拿去剪羊毛了。” 14 她玛见示拉已经长大，却仍然没有娶她，就脱下寡妇的衣服，蒙上脸，换了装束，坐在去亭拿路上的伊拿印城门口。 15 犹大看见她蒙着脸，以为她是妓女， 16 就走过去对她说：“你陪我睡觉吧。”犹大不知道她是自己的儿媳妇。她玛问道：“你要我陪你睡觉，你给我什么呢？” 17 犹大回答说：“我会从羊群中取一只山羊羔送给你。”她玛问道：“羊还没有送来以前，你给我什么作抵押呢？” 18 犹大问：“你要什么作抵押呢？”她玛说：“我要你的印、印带和你的手杖。”犹大给了她，然后跟她睡觉。她玛就这样怀了孕。 19 事后，她起来走了。她拿掉蒙脸的布，仍旧穿上寡妇的装束。
20 犹大托他的朋友亚杜兰人送去一只山羊羔，要从那女人手中换回抵押物，却找不到她。 21 他的朋友就问当地的人：“伊拿印路旁的庙妓在哪里？”他们回答说：“这里没有庙妓。” 22 他的朋友只好回去对犹大说：“我找不着她，当地人说那里没有庙妓。” 23 犹大说：“让她留着我的东西吧，免得我们成为笑柄。反正我把羊送过去了，只是你找不到她。”
24 大约过了三个月，有人告诉犹大说：“你的儿媳妇她玛不守妇道，并且怀孕了。”犹大说：“把她拉出来烧死！” 25 他们正要把她拉出来，她请人带口信给他公公，说：“这些东西的主人使我怀了孕，请你看这印、印带和杖是谁的？” 26 犹大认出是自己的东西，就说：“她比我更有理，因为我没有让示拉娶她。”犹大没有再与她睡觉。
27 她玛临产的时候，才知道腹中是一对双胞胎。 28 生产的时候，一个婴儿先伸出手来，接生婆就把一条红线系在他的手上，说：“他是先出生的。” 29 可是那婴儿随后却把手缩回去，另一个婴儿先出生了，接生婆说：“你怎么抢先出来了？”因此，他的名字叫法勒斯[a]。 30 后来，那个手上系有红线的孩子也出生了，给他取名叫谢拉[b]。
Genesis 38
Expanded Bible
Judah and Tamar
38 About that time, Judah ·left [L went down from] his brothers and went to stay with a man named Hirah in the town of Adullam [C a Canaanite city nine miles northwest of Hebron]. 2 There Judah met a Canaanite girl, the daughter of a man named Shua, and married her. Judah ·had sexual relations with [L went to] her, 3 and she ·became pregnant [conceived] and gave birth to a son, whom Judah named Er. 4 Later she gave birth to another son and named him Onan. 5 Still later she had another son and named him Shelah. She was at Kezib [C “deceiving”; a town near Adullam; probably the same as Aczib; Josh. 15:44] when this third son was born.
6 Judah ·chose [L took] a girl named Tamar to be the wife of his ·first son [firstborn] Er. 7 But Er, Judah’s ·oldest son [firstborn], did ·what the Lord said was evil [L evil in the eyes/sight of the Lord] so the Lord killed him. 8 Then Judah said to Er’s brother Onan, “Go and have sexual relations with your dead brother’s wife. It is your duty to ·provide children for your brother in this way [L raise up a seed for your brother; Deut. 25:5–10].”
9 But Onan knew that the ·children [L seed] would not belong to him, so when he ·was supposed to have sexual relations with [L he went to] Tamar he ·did not complete the sex act [L spilled his seed on the ground], ·making it impossible for Tamar to become pregnant and for Er to have descendants [L so that he did not give a descendant/seed to his brother]. 10 ·The Lord was displeased by this wicked thing Onan had done [L What he did was evil in the eyes/sight of the Lord], so he killed Onan also. 11 Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “·Go back to live in your father’s house, and don’t marry [L Remain a widow in your father’s house] until my young son Shelah grows up.” Judah was afraid that Shelah also would die like his brothers. So Tamar returned to her father’s home.
12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua, died. After Judah ·had gotten over his sorrow [L was comforted], he went to Timnah [C a town south of Hebron] to his ·men who were cutting the wool from his sheep [L sheepshearers]. His friend Hirah from Adullam went with him. 13 Tamar learned that Judah, her father-in-law, was going to Timnah to cut the wool from his sheep. 14 So she took off the clothes that showed she was a widow and covered her face with a veil ·to hide who she was [L and wrapped herself up; C perhaps indicating a woman was a prostitute; see v. 15]. Then she sat down by the gate of Enaim on the road to Timnah. She did this because Judah’s younger son Shelah had grown up, but Judah had not ·made plans for her to marry him [given her to him as a wife].
15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, because she had covered her face with a veil. 16 So Judah went to her [L on the road side/way] and said, “Let me ·have sexual relations with [L come to] you.” He did not know that she was Tamar, his daughter-in-law.
She asked, “What will you ·give [pay] me if I let you ·have sexual relations with [L come to] me?”
17 Judah answered, “I will send you a young goat from my flock.”
She answered, “First give me ·something to keep as a deposit [a pledge] until you send the goat.”
18 Judah asked, “What do you want me to give you as a ·deposit [pledge]?”
Tamar answered, “Give me your ·seal [signet] and its cord, and give me your ·walking stick [staff; C all items that could identify a person].” So Judah gave these things to her. Then ·Judah and Tamar had sexual relations, and Tamar became pregnant [L he went to her and she conceived]. 19 When ·Tamar went home [L she got up and went], she took off the veil that covered her face and put on the clothes that showed she was a widow.
20 Judah sent his friend ·Hirah [L the Adullamite; 38:1] with the young goat to find the woman and get back his ·seal [signet] and the ·walking stick [staff] he had given her, but Hirah could not find her. 21 He asked some of the people at the town of Enaim, “Where is the prostitute [C perhaps indicating a temple prostitute connected to a fertility religion] who was here by the road?”
They answered, “There has never been a prostitute here.”
22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I could not find the woman, and the people who lived there said, ‘There has never been a prostitute here.’ ”
23 Judah said, “Let her keep the things. I don’t want people to laugh at us. I sent her the goat as I promised, but you could not find her.”
24 About three months later someone told Judah, “Tamar, your daughter-in-law, is guilty of acting like a prostitute, and now she ·is pregnant [has conceived].”
Then Judah said, “Bring her out and let her be burned to death.”
25 When ·the people went to bring Tamar out [L she was brought out], she sent a message to her father-in-law that said, “The man who owns these things has made me pregnant. Look at this ·seal [signet] and its cord and this ·walking stick [staff], and tell me whose they are.”
26 Judah recognized them and said, “She is more ·in the right [righteous] than I. She did this because I did not give her to my son Shelah as I promised.” And Judah did not ·have sexual relations with [L know; 4:1] her again.
27 When the time came for Tamar to give birth, there were twins in her ·body [L womb]. 28 While she was ·giving birth [in labor], one baby put his hand out. The ·nurse [midwife] tied a ·red [crimson] string on his hand and said, “This baby came out first.” 29 But he pulled his hand back in, so the other baby was born first. The nurse said, “·So you are able to break out first [or What a breach you have made],” and they named him Perez [C sounds like “break out” in Hebrew]. 30 After this, the baby with the red string on his hand was born, and they named him Zerah [C shining/brightness, perhaps referring to the red string].
Genesis 38
Lexham English Bible
Judah and Tamar
38 And it happened that at that time Judah went down from his brothers and pitched his tent near a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah. 2 And Judah saw the daughter of a certain Canaanite there whose name was Shua. And he took her and went in to her. 3 And she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name Er. 4 And she conceived again and bore a son, and he called his name Onan. 5 And once again she bore a son, and she called his name Shelah. And he[a] was in Chezib when she bore him. 6 And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was Tamar. 7 And Er, the firstborn of Judah, was evil in the eyes of Yahweh, and Yahweh killed him. 8 Then Judah said to Onan, “Go in to the wife of your brother and perform the duty of a brother-in-law to her, and raise up offspring for your brother.” 9 But Onan knew that the offspring would not be for him, so whenever he went in to the wife of his brother he would waste it on the ground[b] so as not to give offspring to his brother. 10 And what he did was evil in the sight of Yahweh, so he killed him also. 11 Then Judah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, “Stay a widow in your father’s house until Shelah my son grows up,” for he feared he would also die[c] like his brother. So Tamar went and stayed in the house of her father. 12 And in the course of time[d] the daughter of Shua, the wife of Judah, died. When Judah was consoled he went up to his sheepshearers, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite, to Timnah. 13 And it was told to Tamar, saying, “Look, your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14 So she removed the clothes of her widowhood and covered herself with the veil and disguised herself. And she sat at the entrance to Eynayim, which is on the way to Timnah, for she saw that Shelah was grown but she had not been given to him as a wife. 15 And Judah saw her and reckoned her to be a prostitute, for she had covered her face. 16 And he turned aside to her at the roadside and said, “Please come, let me come in to you,” for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law. And she said, “What will you give to me that you may come in to me?” 17 And he said, “I will send a kid from the goats of the flock.” And she said, “Only if you give a pledge until you send it.” 18 And he said, “What is the pledge that I must give to you?” And she said, “your seal, your cord, and your staff that is in your hand.” And he gave them to her and went in to her. And she conceived by him. 19 And she arose and left, and she removed her veil from herself and put on the garments of her widowhood. 20 And Judah sent the kid from the goats by the hand of his friend the Adullamite to take back the pledge from the hand of the woman, but he could not find her. 21 So he asked the men of her place, saying, “Where is that cult prostitute that was at Eynayim by the roadside?” And they said, “There is no cult prostitute here.” 22 Then he returned to Judah and said, “I could not find her. Morever, the men of the place said, ‘There is no cult prostitute here.’” 23 And Judah said, “Let her take them for herself, lest we be laughed at.[e] Behold, I sent this kid, but you could not find her.” 24 And about three months later[f] it was told to Judah, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has played the whore, and now, behold, she has conceived by prostitution.” And Judah said, “Bring her out and let her be burned.” 25 She was brought out, but she sent to her father-in-law saying, “By the man to whom these belong I have conceived.” And she said, “Now discern[g] to whom these belong: the seal and cord and the staff.” 26 Then Judah recognized them and said, “She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not know[h] her again. 27 And it happened that at the time she gave birth that, behold, twins were in her womb. 28 And it happened that at her labor one child put out a hand. And the midwife took it and tied a crimson thread on his hand saying, “This one came out first.” 29 Then his hand drew back and, behold, his brother came out, and she said, “What a breach you have made for yourself!” And she called his name Perez. 30 And afterward his brother who had the crimson thread on his hand came out. And his name was called Zerah.
Footnotes
- Genesis 38:5 That is, Judah
- Genesis 38:9 Meaning he would spill his semen on the ground
- Genesis 38:11 Literally “he thought lest he also will die”
- Genesis 38:12 Literally “And the days increased”
- Genesis 38:23 Literally “as contempt”
- Genesis 38:24 Literally “it happened about three months”
- Genesis 38:25 Or “examine”
- Genesis 38:26 “Know” is a euphemism for “have sexual relations with”
Genesis 38
International Standard Version
Judah’s Life among the Adullamites
38 Right about then, Judah left his brothers and went to live with an Adullamite man named Hirah. 2 There Judah met[a] the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua. He married[b] her, had sexual relations with her, 3 and she conceived, bore a son, and named him Er. 4 Later, she conceived again, bore another son, and named him Onan. 5 Then she bore yet another son and named him Shelah. Judah was living in Kezib when she bore him.
6 Judah found a wife for his oldest son Er. Her name was Tamar. 7 But the Lord considered Er, Judah’s oldest son, to be wicked—so he put him to death. 8 So Judah instructed Onan, “You are to have sexual relations with your dead brother’s wife, performing the duty of a brother-in-law with her, and have offspring for your brother.”
9 But Onan knew that the offspring wouldn’t be his own heir, so whenever he had sexual relations with his brother’s wife, he would spill his semen on the ground to avoid fathering offspring for his brother. 10 The Lord considered what Onan was doing to be evil, so he put him to death, too.
11 After this, Judah told his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Go live as a widow in your father’s house until my son Shelah grows up.” But he was really thinking, “…otherwise, Shelah[c] might die like his brothers.” So Tamar left and lived in her father’s house. 12 Some years later, Shua’s daughter (that is, Judah’s wife) died. As Judah was grieving, he visited the shearers of his flock in Timnah, accompanied by his Adullamite friend Hirah.
Tamar Avenges Judah’s Treachery
13 “Look!” somebody reported to Tamar, “Your father-in-law is going to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14 So she took off her mourning apparel, covered herself with a shawl, and concealed her outward appearance. Then she went out and sat at the entrance of Enaim, which is on the way to Timnah, because she knew that even though Shelah had grown up, she wasn’t being given to him as his wife.
15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, since she had concealed her face. 16 So on the way, he turned aside, approached her, and said, “Come on! Let’s have some sex!” But he didn’t realize that he was talking to his own daughter-in-law.
“What will you give me,” she asked, “in order to have sex with me?”
17 “I’ll send you a young goat from the flock,” he responded.
But she pressed him, asking, “What security will you put up until you’ve sent it?”
18 Then he asked, “What pledge do you want me to give you?”
“Your signet ring, cord, and the staff in your hand,” she suggested. So he gave them to her, had sex with her, and she became pregnant by him. 19 Then she got up and left. Later, she took off her shawl and put on her mourning clothes.
20 Later on, Judah sent his Adullamite friend to take her a young goat, intending to retrieve what he had put up as security from the woman, but he could not find her. 21 He asked the men who lived in that area, “Where’s that temple prostitute who was sitting alongside the road at Enaim?”
But they replied, “There’s been no temple prostitute here.”
22 So he returned to Judah and said, “I haven’t found her. Also, the men who are from there said, ‘There’s been no prostitute here.’”
23 Then Judah said, “Let her have those things.[d] Otherwise, we’ll become contemptible. I sent this young goat, but you didn’t find her.”
Tamar’s Pregnancy Rebukes Judah
24 Three months later, it was reported to Judah, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has turned to prostitution![e] And look! She’s pregnant because of it!”
“Bring her out,” Judah responded. “Let’s burn her to death!”
25 While they were bringing her out, she sent this message to her father-in-law: “I am pregnant by the man to whom these things belong. Furthermore,” she added, “tell me to whom this signet ring, cord, and staff belongs.”
26 When Judah recognized them, he admitted, “She is more upright than I, because I never did give her my son Shelah.” And he never had sex with her again.
27 Later, when it was time for Tamar[f] to give birth, she was carrying twins in her womb! 28 While she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand, so the midwife grabbed it and tied something scarlet around his hand, observing, “This one came out first.”
29 As it was, he withdrew his hand, and then his brother was born. Amazed, the midwife[g] cried out loud, “What’s this? A breach birth?” So that boy[h] was named Perez.[i] 30 Afterwards, his brother came out, and around his hand was the scarlet. So they named him Zerah.[j]
Footnotes
- Genesis 38:2 Lit. saw
- Genesis 38:2 Lit. took
- Genesis 38:11 Lit. he
- Genesis 38:23 Lit. it
- Genesis 38:24 Lit. has been acting like a whore
- Genesis 38:27 Lit. her
- Genesis 38:29 Lit. Amazed, she
- Genesis 38:29 Lit. So he
- Genesis 38:29 The Heb. name Perez means breach
- Genesis 38:30 The Heb. name Zerah means rising
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