La première invasion babylonienne

24 Sous le règne de Yehoyaqim, Nabuchodonosor, roi de Babylone[a], l’attaqua[b] et Yehoyaqim fut assujetti à Nabuchodonosor pendant trois ans, puis il se révolta de nouveau contre lui[c]. Alors l’Eternel déchaîna contre lui des bandes de Chaldéens, des bandes de Syriens, de Moabites et d’Ammonites. Il les dressa contre le royaume de Juda pour le faire disparaître comme il l’avait annoncé par l’intermédiaire de ses serviteurs, les prophètes. Ces malheurs arrivèrent uniquement sur l’ordre de l’Eternel, parce qu’il voulait chasser Juda loin de lui à cause de tous les péchés commis par Manassé, et parce qu’il avait tué beaucoup d’innocents dont le sang avait rempli Jérusalem. Car l’Eternel ne voulait plus pardonner[d].

Les autres faits et gestes de Yehoyaqim et toutes ses réalisations sont cités dans le livre des Annales des rois de Juda. Il rejoignit ses ancêtres décédés et son fils Yehoyakîn lui succéda sur le trône.

A cette époque, le roi d’Egypte cessa ses expéditions militaires, car le roi de Babylone s’était emparé de tous les territoires qui, depuis le torrent bordant la frontière nord de l’Egypte jusqu’à l’Euphrate, avaient été sous domination égyptienne.

Le règne de Yehoyakîn sur Juda(A)

Yehoyakîn était âgé de dix-huit ans à son avènement, et il régna trois mois à Jérusalem[e]. Sa mère s’appelait Nehoushta, elle était fille d’Elnathan, de Jérusalem. Il fit ce que l’Eternel considère comme mal, tout comme son père.

Le siège de Jérusalem et la déportation de sa population

10 Pendant son règne, les officiers de Nabuchodonosor, roi de Babylone, marchèrent avec leurs troupes contre Jérusalem et l’assiégèrent. 11 Nabuchodonosor lui-même vint sur place pendant le siège. 12 Alors Yehoyakîn, roi de Juda, se rendit au roi de Babylone, avec sa mère, ses ministres, ses officiers et ses hauts fonctionnaires. Ils furent faits prisonniers par le roi de Babylone la huitième année de son règne[f]. 13 Nabuchodonosor emporta tous les trésors du temple de l’Eternel et les trésors du palais royal après avoir mis en pièces tous les ustensiles d’or que Salomon, roi d’Israël, avait fabriqués pour le temple de l’Eternel. Ainsi s’accomplit ce que l’Eternel avait annoncé[g]. 14 Il déporta toute la population de Jérusalem, tous les dirigeants et tous les militaires, tous les artisans et les forgerons : en tout, dix mille personnes prirent le chemin de l’exil ; seule la population la plus pauvre resta dans le pays. 15 Yehoyakîn fut déporté de Jérusalem à Babylone avec sa mère, ses femmes, ses hauts fonctionnaires et les puissants du pays[h]. 16 Le roi de Babylone emmena aussi en exil dans son pays les sept mille militaires, mille artisans et forgerons et tous les guerriers entraînés au combat.

17 Il établit comme roi à la place de Yehoyakîn l’oncle de celui-ci, Mattania, dont il changea le nom en Sédécias.

Le règne de Sédécias sur Juda(B)

18 Sédécias avait vingt et un ans à son avènement. Il régna onze ans à Jérusalem[i]. Sa mère s’appelait Hamoutal, elle était fille de Jérémie, de Libna. 19 Il fit ce que l’Eternel considère comme mal, tout comme Yehoyaqim. 20 Tout cela arriva parce que l’Eternel était en colère contre Jérusalem et Juda, au point de les chasser loin de lui.

Or, Sédécias se révolta contre le roi de Babylone.

Footnotes

  1. 24.1 Fils de Nabopolassar, Nabuchodonosor a été le plus grand roi de l’Empire néo-babylonien (612 à 539 av. J.-C.) et a régné de 605 à 562 av. J.-C.
  2. 24.1 Après avoir défait les Egyptiens à Karkemish et à Hamath (Jr 46.2), Nabuchodonosor entreprit de conquérir tout « le pays des Hatti » qui comprenait le royaume de Juda (vers 605 av. J.-C. ; voir Dn 1.1-2).
  3. 24.1 Cette révolte a dû avoir lieu en 601 av. J.-C.
  4. 24.4 Voir 21.10-16.
  5. 24.8 Yehoyakîn est appelé Yekonia dans 1 Ch 3.16 et Konia dans Jr 22.24. Il ne régna que trois mois comme vassal du roi de Babylone (de décembre 598 à mars 597 av. J.-C.).
  6. 24.12 Voir Jr 22.24-30 ; 24.1 ; 29.2.
  7. 24.13 Voir 2 R 20.17.
  8. 24.15 Cf. Jr 22.24-30 ; 24.1-10 ; 29.1-2 ; Ez 17.12.
  9. 24.18 De 597 à 587 av. J.-C. Sur le règne de Sédécias, voir Jr 37 et 38.

24 During Jehoiakim’s reign, Nebuchadnezzar(A) king of Babylon invaded(B) the land, and Jehoiakim became his vassal for three years. But then he turned against Nebuchadnezzar and rebelled.(C) The Lord sent Babylonian,[a](D) Aramean,(E) Moabite and Ammonite raiders(F) against him to destroy(G) Judah, in accordance with the word of the Lord proclaimed by his servants the prophets.(H) Surely these things happened to Judah according to the Lord’s command,(I) in order to remove them from his presence(J) because of the sins of Manasseh(K) and all he had done, including the shedding of innocent blood.(L) For he had filled Jerusalem with innocent blood, and the Lord was not willing to forgive.(M)

As for the other events of Jehoiakim’s reign,(N) and all he did, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Judah? Jehoiakim rested(O) with his ancestors. And Jehoiachin(P) his son succeeded him as king.

The king of Egypt(Q) did not march out from his own country again, because the king of Babylon(R) had taken all his territory, from the Wadi of Egypt to the Euphrates River.

Jehoiachin King of Judah(S)

Jehoiachin(T) was eighteen years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. His mother’s name was Nehushta(U) daughter of Elnathan; she was from Jerusalem. He did evil(V) in the eyes of the Lord, just as his father had done.

10 At that time the officers of Nebuchadnezzar(W) king of Babylon advanced on Jerusalem and laid siege to it, 11 and Nebuchadnezzar himself came up to the city while his officers were besieging it. 12 Jehoiachin king of Judah, his mother, his attendants, his nobles and his officials all surrendered(X) to him.

In the eighth year of the reign of the king of Babylon, he took Jehoiachin prisoner. 13 As the Lord had declared,(Y) Nebuchadnezzar removed the treasures(Z) from the temple of the Lord and from the royal palace, and cut up the gold articles(AA) that Solomon(AB) king of Israel had made for the temple of the Lord. 14 He carried all Jerusalem into exile:(AC) all the officers and fighting men,(AD) and all the skilled workers and artisans—a total of ten thousand. Only the poorest(AE) people of the land were left.

15 Nebuchadnezzar took Jehoiachin(AF) captive to Babylon. He also took from Jerusalem to Babylon the king’s mother,(AG) his wives, his officials and the prominent people(AH) of the land. 16 The king of Babylon also deported to Babylon the entire force of seven thousand fighting men, strong and fit for war, and a thousand skilled workers and artisans.(AI) 17 He made Mattaniah, Jehoiachin’s uncle, king in his place and changed his name to Zedekiah.(AJ)

Zedekiah King of Judah(AK)

18 Zedekiah(AL) was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother’s name was Hamutal(AM) daughter of Jeremiah; she was from Libnah. 19 He did evil(AN) in the eyes of the Lord, just as Jehoiakim had done. 20 It was because of the Lord’s anger that all this happened to Jerusalem and Judah, and in the end he thrust(AO) them from his presence.(AP)

The Fall of Jerusalem(AQ)(AR)(AS)

Now Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Kings 24:2 Or Chaldean

24 In his days Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant three years: then he turned and rebelled against him.

And the Lord sent against him bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the Lord, which he spake by his servants the prophets.

Surely at the commandment of the Lord came this upon Judah, to remove them out of his sight, for the sins of Manasseh, according to all that he did;

And also for the innocent blood that he shed: for he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood; which the Lord would not pardon.

Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?

So Jehoiakim slept with his fathers: and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead.

And the king of Egypt came not again any more out of his land: for the king of Babylon had taken from the river of Egypt unto the river Euphrates all that pertained to the king of Egypt.

Jehoiachin was eighteen years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. And his mother's name was Nehushta, the daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem.

And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, according to all that his father had done.

10 At that time the servants of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against Jerusalem, and the city was besieged.

11 And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came against the city, and his servants did besiege it.

12 And Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he, and his mother, and his servants, and his princes, and his officers: and the king of Babylon took him in the eighth year of his reign.

13 And he carried out thence all the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king's house, and cut in pieces all the vessels of gold which Solomon king of Israel had made in the temple of the Lord, as the Lord had said.

14 And he carried away all Jerusalem, and all the princes, and all the mighty men of valour, even ten thousand captives, and all the craftsmen and smiths: none remained, save the poorest sort of the people of the land.

15 And he carried away Jehoiachin to Babylon, and the king's mother, and the king's wives, and his officers, and the mighty of the land, those carried he into captivity from Jerusalem to Babylon.

16 And all the men of might, even seven thousand, and craftsmen and smiths a thousand, all that were strong and apt for war, even them the king of Babylon brought captive to Babylon.

17 And the king of Babylon made Mattaniah his father's brother king in his stead, and changed his name to Zedekiah.

18 Zedekiah was twenty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.

19 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, according to all that Jehoiakim had done.

20 For through the anger of the Lord it came to pass in Jerusalem and Judah, until he had cast them out from his presence, that Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.