列王紀上 12
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)
北方支派背叛羅波安
12 羅波安前往示劍，因為以色列人都去了那裡，要立他為王。 2 尼八的兒子耶羅波安曾為了躲避所羅門王而逃往埃及，並一直住在那裡。他聽到消息後，便返回以色列。 3 以色列人派人去請他，他就和以色列會眾去見羅波安，說： 4 「你父親使我們負擔沉重，求你減輕我們的負擔吧，我們一定效忠你。」
5 羅波安對他們說：「你們先回去，三天之後再來見我。」眾人就離開了。
6 羅波安王去徵詢曾服侍他父親所羅門的老臣的意見，說：「你們認為我該怎樣回覆眾民？」 7 他們建議說：「現今王若像僕人一樣服侍民眾，對他們好言相待，他們會永遠做王的僕人。」
8 羅波安卻沒有採納老臣的意見。他又去徵詢那些和他一起長大的青年臣僚的意見， 9 說：「民眾求我減輕我父親加給他們的重擔。你們認為我該怎樣回覆他們？」
10 他們說：「民眾說你父親使他們負擔沉重，請求你減輕他們的負擔。你可以這樣回覆他們，『我的小指頭比我父親的腰還粗。 11 我父親使你們負重擔，我要使你們負更重的擔子；我父親用鞭子打你們，我要用刺鞭打你們。』」
12 過了三天，耶羅波安和民眾遵照羅波安王的話來見他。 13-14 王沒有採納老臣的建議，而是照青年臣僚的建議，疾言厲色地對他們說：「我父親使你們負重擔，我要使你們負更重的擔子！我父親用鞭子打你們，我要用刺鞭打你們！」 15 王不聽民眾的請求。這事是出於耶和華的旨意，為要應驗祂藉示羅人亞希雅先知對尼八的兒子耶羅波安說的話。
16 以色列人見王不聽他們的請求，就說：
「我們與大衛有何相干？
我們與耶西的兒子沒有關係！
以色列人啊，各自回家吧！
大衛家啊，自己照顧自己吧！」
於是，以色列人各自回家了。 17 但住在猶大城邑的以色列人仍受羅波安統治。 18 羅波安王派勞役總管亞多蘭去以色列人那裡，以色列人卻用石頭打死了他，羅波安王連忙上車逃回耶路撒冷。 19 從此，以色列人反叛大衛家，一直到今天。 20 以色列人聽說耶羅波安回來了，就請他到會眾面前，擁立他做以色列人的王。只有猶大支派仍然效忠大衛家。
21 羅波安回到耶路撒冷，從猶大和便雅憫支派召集了十八萬精兵，要攻打以色列人，收復全國。 22 然而，上帝對祂的僕人示瑪雅說： 23 「你去告訴所羅門的兒子猶大王羅波安和猶大、便雅憫支派的人以及其他民眾， 24 耶和華這樣說，『你們不要上去與以色列同胞交戰，都回家吧！今日的景況是出於我的旨意。』」眾人聽從了耶和華的話，各自回家去了。
耶羅波安背棄上帝
25 耶羅波安在以法蓮山區修建示劍城，住在那裡。他後來又去修建毗努伊勒。 26 他心想：「國權恐怕會重歸大衛家。 27 若百姓去耶路撒冷，在耶和華的殿獻祭，他們的心必重新歸向他們的主——猶大王羅波安。他們會殺了我，然後投奔猶大王羅波安。」 28 他徵詢臣僚的意見後，就鑄造了兩個金牛犢，對民眾說：「以色列人啊，你們上耶路撒冷敬拜太麻煩了。這兩個金牛犢就是領你們出埃及的神明。」 29 他把一個金牛犢安置在伯特利，另一個安置在但。 30 這使民眾陷入罪中，因為他們開始到但去拜金牛犢。
31 耶羅波安又在高崗上修建神廟，任命各樣的人做祭司，他們並非利未人。 32 耶羅波安規定每年八月十五日為節期，好像猶大的節期一樣。他自己在伯特利的祭壇上向金牛犢獻祭燒香，又派神廟的祭司在獻祭中司職。 33 在八月十五日，就是他私自為以色列人定為節期的日子，他在伯特利的祭壇上燒香。
1 Kings 12
New King James Version
The Revolt Against Rehoboam(A)
12 And (B)Rehoboam went to (C)Shechem, for all Israel had gone to Shechem to make him king. 2 So it happened, when (D)Jeroboam the son of Nebat heard it (he was still in (E)Egypt, for he had fled from the presence of King Solomon and had been dwelling in Egypt), 3 that they sent and called him. Then Jeroboam and the whole assembly of Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam, saying, 4 “Your father made our (F)yoke [a]heavy; now therefore, lighten the burdensome service of your father, and his heavy yoke which he put on us, and we will serve you.”
5 So he said to them, “Depart for three days, then come back to me.” And the people departed.
6 Then King Rehoboam consulted the elders who stood before his father Solomon while he still lived, and he said, “How do you advise me to answer these people?”
7 And they spoke to him, saying, (G)“If you will be a servant to these people today, and serve them, and answer them, and speak good words to them, then they will be your servants forever.”
8 But he rejected the advice which the elders had given him, and consulted the young men who had grown up with him, who stood before him. 9 And he said to them, “What advice do you give? How should we answer this people who have spoken to me, saying, ‘Lighten the yoke which your father put on us’?”
10 Then the young men who had grown up with him spoke to him, saying, “Thus you should speak to this people who have spoken to you, saying, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but you make it lighter on us’—thus you shall say to them: ‘My little finger shall be thicker than my father’s waist! 11 And now, whereas my father put a heavy yoke on you, I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with [b]scourges!’ ”
12 So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam the third day, as the king had directed, saying, “Come back to me the third day.” 13 Then the king answered the people [c]roughly, and rejected the advice which the elders had given him; 14 and he spoke to them according to the advice of the young men, saying, “My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with [d]scourges!” 15 So the king did not listen to the people; for (H)the turn of events was from the Lord, that He might fulfill His word, which the Lord had (I)spoken by Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam the son of Nebat.
16 Now when all Israel saw that the king did not listen to them, the people answered the king, saying:
(J)“What share have we in David?
We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse.
To your tents, O Israel!
Now, see to your own house, O David!”
So Israel departed to their tents. 17 But Rehoboam reigned over (K)the children of Israel who dwelt in the cities of Judah.
18 Then King Rehoboam (L)sent Adoram, who was in charge of the revenue; but all Israel stoned him with stones, and he died. Therefore King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste to flee to Jerusalem. 19 So (M)Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day.
20 Now it came to pass when all Israel heard that Jeroboam had come back, they sent for him and called him to the congregation, and made him king over all (N)Israel. There was none who followed the house of David, but the tribe of Judah (O)only.
21 And when (P)Rehoboam came to Jerusalem, he assembled all the house of Judah with the tribe of (Q)Benjamin, one hundred and eighty thousand chosen men who were warriors, to fight against the house of Israel, that he might restore the kingdom to Rehoboam the son of Solomon. 22 But (R)the word of God came to Shemaiah the man of God, saying, 23 “Speak to Rehoboam the son of Solomon, king of Judah, to all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the rest of the people, saying, 24 ‘Thus says the Lord: “You shall not go up nor fight against your brethren the children of Israel. Let every man return to his house, (S)for this thing is from Me.” ’ ” Therefore they obeyed the word of the Lord, and turned back, according to the word of the Lord.
Jeroboam’s Gold Calves
25 Then Jeroboam (T)built[e] Shechem in the mountains of Ephraim, and dwelt there. Also he went out from there and built (U)Penuel. 26 And Jeroboam said in his heart, “Now the kingdom may return to the house of David: 27 If these people (V)go up to offer sacrifices in the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, then the heart of this people will turn back to their lord, Rehoboam king of Judah, and they will kill me and go back to Rehoboam king of Judah.”
28 Therefore the king asked advice, (W)made two calves of gold, and said to the people, “It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem. (X)Here are your gods, O Israel, which brought you up from the land of Egypt!” 29 And he set up one in (Y)Bethel, and the other he put in (Z)Dan. 30 Now this thing became (AA)a sin, for the people went to worship before the one as far as Dan. 31 He made [f]shrines on the high places, (AB)and made priests from every class of people, who were not of the sons of Levi.
32 Jeroboam [g]ordained a feast on the fifteenth day of the eighth month, like (AC)the feast that was in Judah, and offered sacrifices on the altar. So he did at Bethel, sacrificing to the calves that he had made. (AD)And at Bethel he installed the priests of the high places which he had made. 33 So he made offerings on the altar which he had made at Bethel on the fifteenth day of the eighth month, in the month which he had (AE)devised in his own heart. And he [h]ordained a feast for the children of Israel, and offered sacrifices on the altar and (AF)burned incense.
Footnotes
- 1 Kings 12:4 hard
- 1 Kings 12:11 Scourges with points or barbs, lit. scorpions
- 1 Kings 12:13 harshly
- 1 Kings 12:14 Lit. scorpions
- 1 Kings 12:25 fortified
- 1 Kings 12:31 Lit. a house; cf. 1 Kin. 13:32, lit. houses
- 1 Kings 12:32 instituted
- 1 Kings 12:33 instituted
1 Kings 12
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
II. The Reign of Jeroboam[a]
Chapter 12
Political Disunity.[b] 1 Rehoboam went to Shechem,[c] where all Israel had come to make him king. 2 When Jeroboam, son of Nebat, heard about it, he was still in Egypt. He had fled from King Solomon and remained in Egypt, 3 and they sent for him.
Then Jeroboam and the whole assembly of Israel came and they said to Rehoboam, 4 “Your father put a heavy yoke on us. If you now lighten the harsh servitude and the heavy yoke your father imposed on us, we will be your servants.” 5 He answered them, “Come back to me in three days,” and the people went away.
6 King Rehoboam asked advice of the elders who had been in his father Solomon’s service while he was alive, and asked, “How do you advise me to answer this people?” 7 They replied, “If today you become the servant of this people and serve them, and give them a favorable answer, they will be your servants forever.” 8 But he ignored the advice the elders had given him, and asked advice of the young men who had grown up with him and were in his service. 9 He said to them, “What answer do you advise that we should give this people, who have told me, ‘Lighten the yoke your father imposed on us’?” 10 The young men who had grown up with him replied, “This is what you must say to this people who have told you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy; you lighten it for us.’ You must say, ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s loins. 11 My father put a heavy yoke on you, but I will make it heavier. My father beat you with whips, but I will beat you with scorpions.’” 12 Jeroboam and the whole people came back to King Rehoboam on the third day, as the king had instructed them: “Come back to me in three days.” 13 Ignoring the advice the elders had given him, the king gave the people a harsh answer. 14 He spoke to them as the young men had advised: “My father made your yoke heavy, but I will make it heavier. My father beat you with whips, but I will beat you with scorpions.” 15 (A)The king did not listen to the people, for this turn of events was from the Lord: he fulfilled the word the Lord had spoken through Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam, son of Nebat. 16 (B)When all Israel saw that the king did not listen to them, the people answered the king:
“What share have we in David?[d]
We have no heritage in the son of Jesse.
To your tents, Israel!
Now look to your own house, David.”
So Israel went off to their tents. 17 But Rehoboam continued to reign over the Israelites who lived in the cities of Judah.
18 King Rehoboam then sent out Adoram,[e] who was in charge of the forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. King Rehoboam then managed to mount his chariot and flee to Jerusalem. 19 And so Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day. 20 When all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned, they summoned him to an assembly and made him king over all Israel. None remained loyal to the house of David except the tribe of Judah alone.
Divine Approval.[f] 21 On his arrival in Jerusalem, Rehoboam assembled all the house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin—one hundred and eighty thousand elite warriors—to wage war against the house of Israel, to restore the kingdom to Rehoboam, son of Solomon. 22 However, the word of God came to Shemaiah, a man of God: 23 Say to Rehoboam, son of Solomon, king of Judah, and to all the house of Judah and to Benjamin, and to the rest of the people: 24 Thus says the Lord: You must not go out to war against your fellow Israelites. Return home, each of you, for it is I who have brought this about. They obeyed the word of the Lord and turned back, according to the word of the Lord.
25 Jeroboam built up Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim and lived there. Then he left it and built up Penuel.
Jeroboam’s Cultic Innovations.[g] 26 Jeroboam thought to himself: “Now the kingdom will return to the house of David. 27 If this people go up to offer sacrifices in the house of the Lord in Jerusalem, the hearts of this people will return to their master, Rehoboam, king of Judah, and they will kill me and return to Rehoboam, king of Judah.” 28 (C)The king took counsel, made two calves of gold, and said to the people: “You have been going up to Jerusalem long enough. Here are your gods, O Israel, who brought you up from the land of Egypt.” 29 (D)And he put one in Bethel, the other in Dan.[h] 30 This led to sin, because the people frequented these calves in Bethel and in Dan. 31 He also built temples on the high places and made priests from among the common people who were not Levites.
Divine Disapproval.[i] 32 Jeroboam established a feast in the eighth month on the fifteenth day of the month like the pilgrimage feast in Judah, and he went up to the altar. He did this in Bethel, sacrificing to the calves he had made. He stationed in Bethel the priests of the high places he had built. 33 Jeroboam went up to the altar he built in Bethel on the fifteenth day of the eighth month, the month he arbitrarily chose. He established a feast for the Israelites, and he went up to the altar to burn incense.
Footnotes
- 12:1–14:20 Like the story of the reign of Solomon, the story of the reign of Jeroboam is concentrically organized. Ahijah’s oracle of promise to Jeroboam (11:26–43) belongs to both stories, ending that of Solomon (see note on 1:1–11:43) and beginning that of Jeroboam; it corresponds to Ahijah’s oracle of condemnation in 14:1–20. Within those literary boundaries are accounts of political (12:1–20) and religious (13:11–34) disunity between Israel and Judah. The center of the story is the account of Jeroboam’s heterodox cultic innovations (12:26–31).
- 12:1–20 The first major unit of the Jeroboam story was Ahijah’s oracle (11:26–40), followed by the notice of Solomon’s death (11:41–43). This is the second major unit. It tells how Jeroboam came to the throne of Israel after the intransigence of Solomon’s son Rehoboam provoked the northern tribes to secede from Jerusalem. The political disunity of the two kingdoms fulfills the word spoken by Ahijah. Compare 13:11–32, where Jeroboam’s improper cultic innovations produce religious disunity as well. The scene is concentrically arranged: narrative introduction, first interview, first consultation, second consultation, second interview, narrative conclusion. Chronicles has a parallel version of this story in 2 Chr 10:1–19.
- 12:1 Shechem: chief city of the northern tribes, where a covenant had previously been made between the Lord and his people and a stone of witness had been erected in memory of the event (Jos 24:25–27). All Israel: see note on 4:7–19.
- 12:16 What share have we in David?: even in David’s time the northern tribes seemed ready to withdraw from the union with Judah (2 Sm 20:1). The unreasonable attitude of Rehoboam toward them intensified the discontent caused by the oppression of Solomon (v. 4) and thus precipitated the political separation of the two kingdoms. In the view of the Deuteronomistic historian (1 Kgs 11:35–36; 12:24), this was by the Lord’s decree.
- 12:18 Adoram: the name is a shortened form of “Adoniram” (see 4:6; 5:28). If this is the same Adoram who held the position in David’s day (2 Sm 20:24), he would have been a very old man.
- 12:21–25 The center of this unit is a divine oracle delivered by a man of God of the Southern Kingdom in which the Lord affirms his approval of the secession of the northern tribes. Compare 13:1–10, where another man of God from Judah proclaims the Lord’s condemnation of Jeroboam’s religious separatism. Chronicles has a very similar version of Shemaiah’s oracle in 2 Chr 11:1–4.
- 12:26–31 At the center of the story of Jeroboam the narrator describes how the king went beyond the political separation of Israel from Judah to create a separatist religious system as well. Jeroboam feared that continued worship in the single Temple in Jerusalem would threaten the political independence of his kingdom. To prevent this he established sanctuaries with non-levitical clergy in his own territory. At two of the sanctuaries he set up golden calves, which the narrator depicts as idols. Thus begins what will later be called “the sin of Jeroboam” (13:34), a theme that will be echoed throughout 1–2 Kings in the condemnations of almost every king of the Northern Kingdom. Historically, Jeroboam’s innovations were not as heterodox as our narrative portrays them. Bethel was an ancient and traditional site for worship of the Lord; and the calves were probably intended to be a dais for the deity invisibly enthroned upon them, rather like the cherubim atop the ark of the covenant.
- 12:29 Bethel…Dan: at the southern and northern boundaries of the separate kingdom of Israel, where sanctuaries had existed in the past (Gn 12:8; 13:3–4; 28:10–22; 35:1–15; Jgs 18:1–31).
- 12:32–13:10 This unit of the Jeroboam story corresponds to 12:21–25. Before Jeroboam’s cultic innovations, a man of God from Judah proclaimed the Lord’s approval of the political separation of the kingdoms. After Jeroboam’s cultic innovations, a man of God from Judah proclaims the Lord’s disapproval of Israel’s religious separatism. The unit begins with a long, detailed introduction about the dedication festival Jeroboam holds at Bethel (12:32–33); then follows the scene of the ceremony disrupted by the oracle of the man of God (13:1–10).
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
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