公义与怜悯

23 “不可散布谣言,也不可与恶人一起作伪证陷害别人。 不可随众行恶。在法庭作证时不可附和多数人,颠倒是非。 在诉讼的事上不可偏袒穷人。

“倘若看见仇人的牛或驴走迷了路,总要牵回去交给他。 倘若遇见仇人的驴被驮的重物压倒,不可径自走开,总要帮助仇人抬开重物。

“不可在诉讼案中冤枉穷人。 不可诬告别人,不可杀害正直无辜的人,因为我必惩罚作恶之人。 不可收受贿赂,因为贿赂蒙蔽人的眼目,使人颠倒是非。 不可欺凌在你们中间寄居的人,因为你们也曾经在埃及寄居,知道身在异乡的滋味。

安息年和安息日

10 “六年之内你要耕种收割, 11 第七年要让土地休息,不耕不种,你们当中的穷人可以吃田中长出来的,剩下的可以留给动物吃。你也要这样耕作葡萄园和橄榄园。 12 六天之内,你要工作,但第七天要休息。这样,牛、驴可以歇息,你家里的奴仆和寄居的也可以休息。 13 你们要谨慎遵从我对你们说的话。不可提其他神明的名字,不可从你口中听到它们的名字。

三大节期

14 “你每年要向我守三个节期。 15 要守除酵节,照我的吩咐在每年亚笔月所定的日期连续吃七天的无酵饼,因为你是在这个月离开了埃及。谁也不可空手来朝拜我。 16 要在耕种后、收取初熟之物的时候守收割节。要在年终从田间收取劳动成果时守收藏节。 17 以色列所有的男子都要在这三个节期上来朝见主耶和华。

18 “不可把祭牲的血和有酵的饼一起献给我,也不可把祭牲的脂肪留到第二天早晨。 19 要把田中最好的初熟之物送到你们的上帝耶和华的殿中。不可用母山羊的奶煮它的小羊羔。

应许赐迦南

20 “看啊,我要差遣天使走在你前面,在路上保护你,带领你平安地到达我为你预备的地方。 21 他是奉我的名来的,你们要谨遵他的话,不可悖逆,不然他必不赦免你们的过犯。

22 “你若认真听从他的吩咐,遵行我的话,我就与你的仇敌为敌,与你的对头作对。 23 我的天使要走在你前面,带领你去亚摩利人、赫人、比利洗人、迦南人、希未人和耶布斯人所住的地方,我会把他们全部消灭。 24 不可叩拜他们的神明,不可供奉它们,也不可效法他们的行为,要彻底拆毁神像,打碎他们的神柱。 25 你们要事奉你们的上帝耶和华,我必赐给你日用的饮食,使你们身体健康,不受疾病的侵害, 26 在你境内必没有人流产或不育,我会使你寿终正寝。 27 你所到之处,我必使那里的人惶恐不安,使你一切的仇敌都在你面前转身逃跑。 28 我要派黄蜂做你的先锋,赶走那些希未人、迦南人和赫人。 29 我不会在一年之内把这些人全部赶走,免得土地荒凉,野兽肆虐。 30 我会逐渐地赶走他们,直到你们人丁兴旺,可以占据那片土地。 31 我给你定下国界,从红海到非利士海岸,从旷野到幼发拉底河。我要把其中所有的人都交在你手中,你要把他们全部赶出去。 32 不可跟这些民族及其神明立约, 33 也不可让这些民族住在你的土地上,免得他们使你得罪我,你若供奉他们的神明,必因此而陷入网罗。”

司法公正

23 “不可传播谣言,也不可与恶人携手作假见证。 不可随众行恶,不可在诉讼的事上随众说歪曲正义的话; 也不可在诉讼的事上偏护穷人。

“如果你遇见你仇敌的牛或是驴走迷了路,就应该把牠牵回来给他。 如果你看见恨你的人的驴伏在重担之下,不可走开不理牠,你应该与驴主一同卸下重担。 不可在穷人诉讼的事上歪曲正义。 要远离虚假的事;不可杀无辜和正义的人,因为我决不以恶人为义人。 不可受贿赂,因为贿赂能使明眼人变瞎,又能歪曲义人的话。 不可压迫寄居的,因为你们在埃及地也作过寄居的,知道寄居者的心情。

安息年与安息日

10 “六年之内你要耕种田地,收取地的出产; 11 但是第七年,你要让地歇息,不耕不种,使你民间的穷人可以有吃的;他们吃剩的,田间的野兽可以吃;你的葡萄园和橄榄园,也要这样作。 12 六日之内,你要作你的工;但第七日你要安息,好使你的牛和驴可以歇息,并且使你婢女的儿子和寄居的也可以有时间喘息一下。 13 我对你们所说的一切,你们都要小心谨守,你们不可提别神的名,也不可让人从你的口中听到。

当守的三个节期(A)

14 “每年三次,你要为我守节。 15 你要守无酵节,要照我吩咐的,在亚笔月内所定的日期,吃无酵饼七天,因为你是在这个月从埃及出来的。你们不可空手朝见我。 16 又要守收割节,就是收在田间你劳碌耕种所得初熟之物的节;也要在年底守收藏节,就是在田间收集你劳碌所得之物的时候。 17 一年三次,你所有的男丁都要朝见主耶和华的面。

18 “你不可把我祭牲的血和有酵的饼一同献上;也不可把我节日祭牲的脂油留过夜到早晨。 19 要把你地上最上好的初熟之物带到耶和华你 神的殿中。不可用山羊羔母的奶去煮山羊羔。

应许与训诲

20 “看哪,我在你面前差派使者,好在路上保护你,领你到我预备的地方去。 21 你们在他面前要谨慎,要听他的话,不可违背他;不然,他必不赦免你们的过犯,因为他是奉我的名来的。 22 如果你实在听他的话,遵行我吩咐的一切,我就要作你仇敌的仇敌,作你敌人的敌人。 23 我的使者必在你前面走,领你到亚摩利人、赫人、比利洗人、迦南人、希未人、耶布斯人那里去;我要把他们除掉。 24 你不可跪拜他们的神像,也不可事奉它们,不可作他们所作的,不可模仿他们的行为,却要把神像完全拆毁,打碎他们的柱像。 25 你们要事奉耶和华你们的 神,他就必赐福你的粮和你的水,我也必从你们中间除去疾病。 26 在你的境内,必没有流产和不育的妇女;我必使你一生的寿数满足。 27 我必在你面前展露我的威严;凡你所到的地方,我必使那里的人民慌乱,又使你所有的仇敌都转背而逃。 28 我必在你面前打发大黄蜂,把希未人、迦南人、赫人,都从你面前驱逐出去。 29 我不在一年之内把他们从你面前驱逐出去,恐怕这地变为荒凉,又恐怕田野间的走兽多起来害你。 30 我要渐渐地把他们从你面前驱逐出去,等到你的人数增多起来,承受那地为止。 31 我要限定你的境界,从红海直到非利士海,从旷野直到大河。我要把那地的居民交在你手中,你要把他们从你面前驱逐出去。 32 不可与他们和他们的神立约。 33 不可让他们住在你的境内,恐怕他们使你得罪我;如果你事奉他们的神,这必成为你的网罗。”

Laws of Justice and Mercy

23 “Do not spread false reports.(A) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.(B)

“Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice(C) by siding with the crowd,(D) and do not show favoritism(E) to a poor person in a lawsuit.

“If you come across your enemy’s(F) ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to return it.(G) If you see the donkey(H) of someone who hates you fallen down under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help them with it.

“Do not deny justice(I) to your poor people in their lawsuits. Have nothing to do with a false charge(J) and do not put an innocent(K) or honest person to death,(L) for I will not acquit the guilty.(M)

“Do not accept a bribe,(N) for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the innocent.

“Do not oppress a foreigner;(O) you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners, because you were foreigners in Egypt.

Sabbath Laws

10 “For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, 11 but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused.(P) Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.

12 “Six days do your work,(Q) but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed.(R)

13 “Be careful(S) to do everything I have said to you. Do not invoke the names of other gods;(T) do not let them be heard on your lips.(U)

The Three Annual Festivals

14 “Three times(V) a year you are to celebrate a festival to me.

15 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread;(W) for seven days eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,(X) for in that month you came out of Egypt.

“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.(Y)

16 “Celebrate the Festival of Harvest(Z) with the firstfruits(AA) of the crops you sow in your field.

“Celebrate the Festival of Ingathering(AB) at the end of the year, when you gather in your crops from the field.(AC)

17 “Three times(AD) a year all the men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord.

18 “Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast.(AE)

“The fat of my festival offerings must not be kept until morning.(AF)

19 “Bring the best of the firstfruits(AG) of your soil to the house of the Lord your God.

“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.(AH)

God’s Angel to Prepare the Way

20 “See, I am sending an angel(AI) ahead of you to guard you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared.(AJ) 21 Pay attention to him and listen(AK) to what he says. Do not rebel against him; he will not forgive(AL) your rebellion,(AM) since my Name(AN) is in him. 22 If you listen carefully to what he says and do(AO) all that I say, I will be an enemy(AP) to your enemies and will oppose those who oppose you. 23 My angel will go ahead of you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites and Jebusites,(AQ) and I will wipe them out. 24 Do not bow down before their gods or worship(AR) them or follow their practices.(AS) You must demolish(AT) them and break their sacred stones(AU) to pieces. 25 Worship the Lord your God,(AV) and his blessing(AW) will be on your food and water. I will take away sickness(AX) from among you, 26 and none will miscarry or be barren(AY) in your land. I will give you a full life span.(AZ)

27 “I will send my terror(BA) ahead of you and throw into confusion(BB) every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn their backs and run.(BC) 28 I will send the hornet(BD) ahead of you to drive the Hivites, Canaanites and Hittites(BE) out of your way. 29 But I will not drive them out in a single year, because the land would become desolate and the wild animals(BF) too numerous for you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out before you, until you have increased enough to take possession(BG) of the land.

31 “I will establish your borders from the Red Sea[a] to the Mediterranean Sea,[b] and from the desert to the Euphrates River.(BH) I will give into your hands the people who live in the land, and you will drive them out(BI) before you. 32 Do not make a covenant(BJ) with them or with their gods. 33 Do not let them live in your land or they will cause you to sin against me, because the worship of their gods will certainly be a snare(BK) to you.”

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 23:31 Or the Sea of Reeds
  2. Exodus 23:31 Hebrew to the Sea of the Philistines