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司法公正

23 “不可傳播謠言,也不可與惡人攜手作假見證。 不可隨眾行惡,不可在訴訟的事上隨眾說歪曲正義的話; 也不可在訴訟的事上偏護窮人。

“如果你遇見你仇敵的牛或是驢走迷了路,就應該把牠牽回來給他。 如果你看見恨你的人的驢伏在重擔之下,不可走開不理牠,你應該與驢主一同卸下重擔。 不可在窮人訴訟的事上歪曲正義。 要遠離虛假的事;不可殺無辜和正義的人,因為我決不以惡人為義人。 不可受賄賂,因為賄賂能使明眼人變瞎,又能歪曲義人的話。 不可壓迫寄居的,因為你們在埃及地也作過寄居的,知道寄居者的心情。

安息年與安息日

10 “六年之內你要耕種田地,收取地的出產; 11 但是第七年,你要讓地歇息,不耕不種,使你民間的窮人可以有吃的;他們吃剩的,田間的野獸可以吃;你的葡萄園和橄欖園,也要這樣作。 12 六日之內,你要作你的工;但第七日你要安息,好使你的牛和驢可以歇息,並且使你婢女的兒子和寄居的也可以有時間喘息一下。 13 我對你們所說的一切,你們都要小心謹守,你們不可提別神的名,也不可讓人從你的口中聽到。

當守的三個節期(A)

14 “每年三次,你要為我守節。 15 你要守無酵節,要照我吩咐的,在亞筆月內所定的日期,吃無酵餅七天,因為你是在這個月從埃及出來的。你們不可空手朝見我。 16 又要守收割節,就是收在田間你勞碌耕種所得初熟之物的節;也要在年底守收藏節,就是在田間收集你勞碌所得之物的時候。 17 一年三次,你所有的男丁都要朝見主耶和華的面。

18 “你不可把我祭牲的血和有酵的餅一同獻上;也不可把我節日祭牲的脂油留過夜到早晨。 19 要把你地上最上好的初熟之物帶到耶和華你 神的殿中。不可用山羊羔母的奶去煮山羊羔。

應許與訓誨

20 “看哪,我在你面前差派使者,好在路上保護你,領你到我預備的地方去。 21 你們在他面前要謹慎,要聽他的話,不可違背他;不然,他必不赦免你們的過犯,因為他是奉我的名來的。 22 如果你實在聽他的話,遵行我吩咐的一切,我就要作你仇敵的仇敵,作你敵人的敵人。 23 我的使者必在你前面走,領你到亞摩利人、赫人、比利洗人、迦南人、希未人、耶布斯人那裡去;我要把他們除掉。 24 你不可跪拜他們的神像,也不可事奉它們,不可作他們所作的,不可模仿他們的行為,卻要把神像完全拆毀,打碎他們的柱像。 25 你們要事奉耶和華你們的 神,他就必賜福你的糧和你的水,我也必從你們中間除去疾病。 26 在你的境內,必沒有流產和不育的婦女;我必使你一生的壽數滿足。 27 我必在你面前展露我的威嚴;凡你所到的地方,我必使那裡的人民慌亂,又使你所有的仇敵都轉背而逃。 28 我必在你面前打發大黃蜂,把希未人、迦南人、赫人,都從你面前驅逐出去。 29 我不在一年之內把他們從你面前驅逐出去,恐怕這地變為荒涼,又恐怕田野間的走獸多起來害你。 30 我要漸漸地把他們從你面前驅逐出去,等到你的人數增多起來,承受那地為止。 31 我要限定你的境界,從紅海直到非利士海,從曠野直到大河。我要把那地的居民交在你手中,你要把他們從你面前驅逐出去。 32 不可與他們和他們的神立約。 33 不可讓他們住在你的境內,恐怕他們使你得罪我;如果你事奉他們的神,這必成為你的網羅。”

Laws of Justice and Mercy

23 You must not give a false report. Do not join your hand with the wicked to be a malicious witness.

You must not follow the masses to do evil, and do not testify in a dispute that agrees with the crowd to pervert justice. You must not show partiality to a poor man in his dispute.

If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely return it to him. If you see the donkey of someone who hates you lying under its burden, you must not ignore it; you must surely help with him.

You shall not turn justice away from your poor in his dispute. Keep far away from a false charge, and do not kill the innocent and the righteous, for I will not justify the wicked.

You shall not take a bribe, for a bribe blinds those who see and subverts the words of the righteous.

Also you shall not oppress a foreigner, for you know the life of a foreigner, seeing you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

The Laws of Sabbaths

10 You shall sow your land for six years and shall gather in its produce, 11 but in the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, so that the poor of your people may eat, and what they leave the beasts of the field may eat. You shall do likewise with your vineyard and with your olive grove.

12 For six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female servant and the foreigner may refresh themselves.

13 In all things that I have said to you, watch yourselves, and do not mention the name of other gods, nor let them be heard from your mouth.

The Three Annual Feasts

14 Three times in the year you must celebrate a feast to Me.

15 You shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread. For seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, in the appointed time of the month Aviv, for in it you came out from Egypt.

No one shall appear before Me empty-handed.

16 You shall observe the Feast of Harvest, the first fruits of your labors, which you have sown in the field.

You shall observe the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you have gathered in the fruit of your labors from the field.

17 Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Lord God.

18 You shall not offer the blood of My sacrifice with leavened bread, nor shall the fat of My sacrifice remain until the morning.

19 The first of the first fruits of your land you shall bring into the house of the Lord your God.

You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.

The Angel Prepares the Way

20 Indeed, I am going to send an angel before you to guard you along the way and to bring you into the place which I have prepared. 21 Be on guard before him and obey his voice. Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon your transgressions, for My name is in him. 22 But if you diligently obey his voice and do all that I say, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries. 23 For My angel will go before you and bring you to the Amorites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, and I will completely destroy them. 24 You must not bow down to their gods, or serve them, or do according to their practices, but you shall utterly overthrow them and break down their images in pieces. 25 You shall serve the Lord your God, and He shall bless your bread and your water, and I will remove sickness from your midst. 26 No one shall be miscarrying or be barren in your land. I will fulfill the number of your days.

27 I will send My fear before you, and I will throw into panic all the people to whom you shall come. I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you. 28 I will send hornets before you which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite from before you. 29 I will not drive them out before you in one year, lest the land become desolate and the beasts of the field multiply against you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out before you, until you become fruitful and inherit the land.

31 I will set your boundaries from the Red Sea to the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the River;[a] for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you will drive them out before you. 32 You must not make a covenant with them or with their gods. 33 They shall not live in your land, lest they cause you to sin against Me, for if you serve their gods, it will surely be a snare to you.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 23:31 Euphrates River.