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司法公正

23 “不可傳播謠言,也不可與惡人攜手作假見證。 不可隨眾行惡,不可在訴訟的事上隨眾說歪曲正義的話; 也不可在訴訟的事上偏護窮人。

“如果你遇見你仇敵的牛或是驢走迷了路,就應該把牠牽回來給他。 如果你看見恨你的人的驢伏在重擔之下,不可走開不理牠,你應該與驢主一同卸下重擔。 不可在窮人訴訟的事上歪曲正義。 要遠離虛假的事;不可殺無辜和正義的人,因為我決不以惡人為義人。 不可受賄賂,因為賄賂能使明眼人變瞎,又能歪曲義人的話。 不可壓迫寄居的,因為你們在埃及地也作過寄居的,知道寄居者的心情。

安息年與安息日

10 “六年之內你要耕種田地,收取地的出產; 11 但是第七年,你要讓地歇息,不耕不種,使你民間的窮人可以有吃的;他們吃剩的,田間的野獸可以吃;你的葡萄園和橄欖園,也要這樣作。 12 六日之內,你要作你的工;但第七日你要安息,好使你的牛和驢可以歇息,並且使你婢女的兒子和寄居的也可以有時間喘息一下。 13 我對你們所說的一切,你們都要小心謹守,你們不可提別神的名,也不可讓人從你的口中聽到。

當守的三個節期(A)

14 “每年三次,你要為我守節。 15 你要守無酵節,要照我吩咐的,在亞筆月內所定的日期,吃無酵餅七天,因為你是在這個月從埃及出來的。你們不可空手朝見我。 16 又要守收割節,就是收在田間你勞碌耕種所得初熟之物的節;也要在年底守收藏節,就是在田間收集你勞碌所得之物的時候。 17 一年三次,你所有的男丁都要朝見主耶和華的面。

18 “你不可把我祭牲的血和有酵的餅一同獻上;也不可把我節日祭牲的脂油留過夜到早晨。 19 要把你地上最上好的初熟之物帶到耶和華你 神的殿中。不可用山羊羔母的奶去煮山羊羔。

應許與訓誨

20 “看哪,我在你面前差派使者,好在路上保護你,領你到我預備的地方去。 21 你們在他面前要謹慎,要聽他的話,不可違背他;不然,他必不赦免你們的過犯,因為他是奉我的名來的。 22 如果你實在聽他的話,遵行我吩咐的一切,我就要作你仇敵的仇敵,作你敵人的敵人。 23 我的使者必在你前面走,領你到亞摩利人、赫人、比利洗人、迦南人、希未人、耶布斯人那裡去;我要把他們除掉。 24 你不可跪拜他們的神像,也不可事奉它們,不可作他們所作的,不可模仿他們的行為,卻要把神像完全拆毀,打碎他們的柱像。 25 你們要事奉耶和華你們的 神,他就必賜福你的糧和你的水,我也必從你們中間除去疾病。 26 在你的境內,必沒有流產和不育的婦女;我必使你一生的壽數滿足。 27 我必在你面前展露我的威嚴;凡你所到的地方,我必使那裡的人民慌亂,又使你所有的仇敵都轉背而逃。 28 我必在你面前打發大黃蜂,把希未人、迦南人、赫人,都從你面前驅逐出去。 29 我不在一年之內把他們從你面前驅逐出去,恐怕這地變為荒涼,又恐怕田野間的走獸多起來害你。 30 我要漸漸地把他們從你面前驅逐出去,等到你的人數增多起來,承受那地為止。 31 我要限定你的境界,從紅海直到非利士海,從曠野直到大河。我要把那地的居民交在你手中,你要把他們從你面前驅逐出去。 32 不可與他們和他們的神立約。 33 不可讓他們住在你的境內,恐怕他們使你得罪我;如果你事奉他們的神,這必成為你的網羅。”

Regulations Regarding Justice

23 “‘You will not spread[a] a false report. Do not lift your hand with the wicked to be a malicious witness. You will not follow[b] a majority[c] for evil, and you will not testify concerning a legal dispute to turn aside after a majority[d] to pervert justice. You will not be partial to a powerless person[e] in his legal dispute.

“‘If you come upon the ox of your enemy or his donkey going astray, you will certainly bring it back to him. If you see the donkey of your enemy lying down under its burden, you will refrain from abandoning him. You will surely arrange[f] it with him.

“‘You will not pervert the justice of your poor in his legal dispute. You will stay far from a false charge,[g] and do not kill the innocent and the righteous, because I will not declare the wicked righteous.[h] And you will not take a bribe, because the bribe makes the sighted blind and ruins the words of the righteous. And you will not oppress an alien; you yourselves know the feelings[i] of the alien, because you were aliens in the land of Egypt.

Regulations Regarding Work and Festivals

10 “‘And six years you will sow your land and gather its yield. 11 But the seventh you will let it rest and leave it fallow, and the poor of your people will eat, and their remainder the animals[j] of the field will eat. You will do likewise for your vineyard and for your olive trees.

12 “‘Six days you will do your work, but on the seventh day you will stop so that your ox and your donkey will rest and the son of your slave woman and the alien will be refreshed.

13 “‘And you will be attentive to all that I have said to you, and you will not profess[k] the name of other gods; it will not be heard in your mouth.

14 “‘Three times in the year you will hold a festival for me. 15 You will keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread; for seven days you will eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you at the appointed time, the month of Abib, because in it you came out from Egypt, and no one will[l] appear before me empty-handed. 16 And you will keep the Feast of Harvest, with the firstfruits of your work, what you sow in the field. And you will keep the Feast of Harvest Gathering when the year goes out, when you gather your work from the field. 17 Three times in the year all your men will appear before the Lord Yahweh.

18 “‘You will not sacrifice the blood of my sacrifice together with food with yeast, and you will not leave the fat of my feast overnight until morning.

19 “‘The best of the firstfruits of your land you will bring to the house of Yahweh your God.

“‘You will not boil a young goat[m] in its mother’s milk.

Reasons for Loyal Obedience

20 “‘Look, I am about to send an angel before you to guard you on the way and to bring you to the place that I have prepared. 21 Be attentive to him and listen to his voice; do not rebel against him, because he will not forgive your transgression, for my name is in him. 22 But if you listen attentively to his voice and do all that I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes. 23 When my angel goes before you and brings you to the Amorites[n] and the Hittites[o] and the Perizzites[p] and the Canaanites[q] and the Hivites[r] and the Jebusites,[s] I will wipe them out.

24 “‘You will not bow to their gods, and you will not serve them, and you will not act according to their actions, because you will utterly demolish them, and you will utterly break their stone pillars. 25 And you will serve Yahweh your God, and he will bless your bread and your water, and I will remove sickness from among you. 26 There will be no one suffering miscarriage or infertile in your land. I will make full the number of your days.[t]

27 “‘I will release my terror before you, and I will throw into confusion all the people against whom you come, and I will make all your enemies turn their back to you.[u] 28 And I will send the hornet before you, and it will drive out the Hivites,[v] the Canaanites,[w] and the Hittites[x] from before you. 29 I will not drive them out from before you in one year, lest the land become a desolation and the wild animals[y] multiply against you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out from before you until you are fruitful and take possession of the land.

31 “‘And I will set your boundary from the Red Sea[z] and up to the sea of the Philistines and from the desert up to the river,[aa] because I will give the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you will drive them out from before you. 32 You will not make a covenant with them and with their gods. 33 They will not live in your land, lest they cause you to sin against me when you serve their gods, for it will be a snare to you.’”

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 23:1 Literally “lift”
  2. Exodus 23:2 Literally “be behind”
  3. Exodus 23:2 Or “many” or “the many”
  4. Exodus 23:2 Or “many” or “the many”
  5. Exodus 23:3 Or “a poor person
  6. Exodus 23:5 Or “restore” or “put in order”
  7. Exodus 23:7 Literally “word of deception”
  8. Exodus 23:7 Or “treat as innocent” or “acquit”
  9. Exodus 23:9 Or “inner self” or “soul”
  10. Exodus 23:11 Hebrew “animal”
  11. Exodus 23:13 Literally “cause to remember,” “bring to remembrance,” or “mention” in prayer or praise
  12. Exodus 23:15 Literally “they will not”
  13. Exodus 23:19 Or “kid”
  14. Exodus 23:23 Hebrew “Amorite”
  15. Exodus 23:23 Hebrew “Hittite”
  16. Exodus 23:23 Hebrew “Perizzite”
  17. Exodus 23:23 Hebrew “Canaanite”
  18. Exodus 23:23 Hebrew “Hivite”
  19. Exodus 23:23 Hebrew “Jebusite”
  20. Exodus 23:26 Or “give you a full life span”
  21. Exodus 23:27 Literally “give all your enemies to you back”
  22. Exodus 23:28 Hebrew “Hivite”
  23. Exodus 23:28 Hebrew “Canaanite”
  24. Exodus 23:28 Hebrew “Hittite”
  25. Exodus 23:29 Literally “the animal of the field”
  26. Exodus 23:31 Literally “sea of reed”
  27. Exodus 23:31 Or “the Euphrates”