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头生的分别为圣

13 耶和华吩咐摩西说: “头生的要分别为圣归我;以色列中凡头生的,无论是人是牲畜,都是我的。”

除酵节

摩西对百姓说:“你们要记念从埃及为奴之家出来的这日,因为耶和华用大能的手将你们从这地领出来。有酵之物都不可吃。 亚笔月的这一日你们走出来了。 将来耶和华领你进迦南人、人、亚摩利人、希未人、耶布斯人之地,就是他向你祖宗起誓应许给你的那流奶与蜜之地,那时你要在这一个月守这礼仪。 你要吃无酵饼七日,在第七日要向耶和华守节。 这七日之内,要吃无酵饼;在你的全境内不可见有酵之物,也不可见酵母。 当那日,你要告诉你的儿子说:‘这样做是因为耶和华在我出埃及的时候为我所做的事。’ 这要在你手上作记号,在你额上[a]作纪念,使耶和华的教导常在你口中,因为耶和华用大能的手将你从埃及领出来。 10 所以你每年要按着日期守这条例。”

头生的献给主

11 “当耶和华照他向你和你祖宗所起的誓将你领进迦南人之地,把那地赐给你的时候, 12 你要将一切头生的献给耶和华;你牲畜中头生的,公的都归耶和华。 13 然而,凡头生的驴,你要用羔羊赎回;若不赎它,就要打断它的颈项。你儿子中的长子都要赎出来。 14 日后,你的儿子问你说:‘这是什么意思?’你就说:‘耶和华用大能的手将我们从埃及为奴之家领出来。 15 那时法老固执,不肯放我们走,耶和华就把埃及地所有头生的,无论是人是牲畜,都杀了。因此,我把一切头生的公的牲畜献给耶和华为祭,却将所有头生的儿子赎出来。 16 这要在你手上作记号,在你额上作经匣[b],因为耶和华用大能的手将我们从埃及领出来。’”

云柱和火柱

17 法老放百姓走的时候,非利士人之地的路虽近, 神却不领他们从那里走,因为 神说:“恐怕百姓遇见战争就后悔,转回埃及去。” 18  神领百姓绕道而行,走旷野的路到红海以色列人出埃及地,都带着兵器上去[c] 19 摩西约瑟的骸骨一起带走;因为约瑟曾叫以色列人郑重地起誓,对他们说:“ 神必定眷顾你们,你们要把我的骸骨从这里一起带上去。” 20 他们从疏割起程,在旷野边上的以倘安营。 21 耶和华走在他们前面,日间用云柱引领他们的路,夜间用火柱照亮他们,使他们日夜都可以行走。 22 日间的云柱,夜间的火柱,总不离开百姓的面前。

Footnotes

  1. 13.9 “额上”:原文是“两眼之间”;16节同。
  2. 13.16 “经匣”指“把经文放在皮制的匣中作额饰”。
  3. 13.18 “以色列人…都带着兵器上去”:七十士译本是“以色列中第五代的人也出埃及地上去”。

奉献头胎

13 耶和华对摩西说: “以色列人中的长子和头生的牲畜都属于我,因此要把他们分别出来,使他们圣洁,归给我。”

摩西对百姓说:“你们要记住离开埃及的这一天,因为耶和华用大能的手把你们从受奴役的地方解救出来。不可吃带酵的食物。 你们是在亚笔月[a]的这一天从埃及出来的, 将来耶和华带领你们进入迦南以后,你们每逢此月都要为祂守节期。那里现在住着迦南人、赫人、亚摩利人、希未人和耶布斯人。耶和华已经向你们祖先起誓,应许赐给你们那奶蜜之乡。 在节期的七天之内,你们只可以吃无酵饼,到了第七天,你们要为耶和华守节期。 七天之内要吃无酵饼,你们境内不得有酵或是带酵的东西。 那时,要告诉你们的子孙,‘这节期是纪念我们离开埃及时耶和华为我们所做的一切。’ 这节期就好像在你们手上或额上作的记号,叫你们记得耶和华的律法,祂曾经用大能的手把你们带出埃及。 10 因此,每一年你们都要按时守这节期。

11 “将来耶和华成就祂起誓给你们祖先的应许,领你们进入迦南人的土地,把那里赐给你们以后, 12 你们要把所有长子和头生的公畜归给祂。 13 所有头生的公驴必须用羊羔赎回,不然就要打断它的脖子。要赎回你们所有的长子。 14 将来你们的子孙问起这件事的意义,你们就回答,‘耶和华曾经用大能的手把我们从受奴役之地——埃及领出来。 15 当时法老硬着心不肯放我们走,所以耶和华就把埃及人的长子和头生的牲畜全都杀了。因此,我们把所有头生的公畜当作祭牲献给耶和华,只把长子赎回来。’ 16 这事就像在你们手上作记号,额上作标记,以牢记耶和华曾用大能的手领我们离开埃及。”

云柱和火柱

17 法老让以色列人离开埃及后,上帝没有带领他们穿越非利士地区,虽然那是条捷径。因为上帝说:“如果他们遇上战争,就会改变主意,返回埃及。” 18 所以,上帝领他们绕道而行,走旷野的路,前往红海[b]。以色列人离开埃及时都带着兵器。 19 摩西把约瑟的骸骨一起带走,因为约瑟曾叫以色列人郑重发誓,对他们说:“上帝必眷顾你们,把你们带出埃及,那时你们要把我的骸骨也一起带走。” 20 以色列人从疏割启程,来到旷野边缘的以倘安营。 21 耶和华走在他们前面,白天用云柱为他们指示道路,晚上用火柱照亮他们,这样他们可以日夜赶路。 22 白天的云柱和晚上的火柱从不离开他们。

Footnotes

  1. 13:4 亚笔月是犹太历的第一个月,约在阳历三月中旬到四月中旬,相当于中国的春分时节。
  2. 13:18 红海”或译“芦苇湖”,确切地点约在今红海北端苏伊士运河附近。

13 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is mine.

And Moses said unto the people, Remember this day, in which ye came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand the Lord brought you out from this place: there shall no leavened bread be eaten.

This day came ye out in the month Abib.

And it shall be when the Lord shall bring thee into the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which he sware unto thy fathers to give thee, a land flowing with milk and honey, that thou shalt keep this service in this month.

Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to the Lord.

Unleavened bread shall be eaten seven days; and there shall no leavened bread be seen with thee, neither shall there be leaven seen with thee in all thy quarters.

And thou shalt shew thy son in that day, saying, This is done because of that which the Lord did unto me when I came forth out of Egypt.

And it shall be for a sign unto thee upon thine hand, and for a memorial between thine eyes, that the Lord's law may be in thy mouth: for with a strong hand hath the Lord brought thee out of Egypt.

10 Thou shalt therefore keep this ordinance in his season from year to year.

11 And it shall be when the Lord shall bring thee into the land of the Canaanites, as he sware unto thee and to thy fathers, and shall give it thee,

12 That thou shalt set apart unto the Lord all that openeth the matrix, and every firstling that cometh of a beast which thou hast; the males shall be the Lord's.

13 And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break his neck: and all the firstborn of man among thy children shalt thou redeem.

14 And it shall be when thy son asketh thee in time to come, saying, What is this? that thou shalt say unto him, By strength of hand the Lord brought us out from Egypt, from the house of bondage:

15 And it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go, that the Lord slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of beast: therefore I sacrifice to the Lord all that openeth the matrix, being males; but all the firstborn of my children I redeem.

16 And it shall be for a token upon thine hand, and for frontlets between thine eyes: for by strength of hand the Lord brought us forth out of Egypt.

17 And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said, Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt:

18 But God led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of the Red sea: and the children of Israel went up harnessed out of the land of Egypt.

19 And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him: for he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying, God will surely visit you; and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with you.

20 And they took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness.

21 And the Lord went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; to go by day and night:

22 He took not away the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people.