Add parallel Print Page Options

耶和华的逾越

12 耶和华在埃及地对摩西亚伦说: “你们要以本月为正月,为一年之首。 你们要吩咐以色列全会众说:本月初十,各人要按着家庭[a]取羔羊,一家一只羔羊。 若一家的人太少,吃不了一只羔羊,就要按照人数和隔壁的邻舍共取一只;你们要按每人的食量来估算羔羊。 你们要从绵羊或山羊中取一只无残疾、一岁的公羔羊, 要把它留到本月十四日;那日黄昏的时候,以色列全会众要把羔羊宰了。 他们要取一些血,涂在他们吃羔羊的房屋两边的门框上和门楣上。 当晚要吃羔羊的肉;要用火烤了,与无酵饼和苦菜一起吃。 不可吃生的,或用水煮的,要把羔羊连头带腿和内脏用火烤了吃。 10 一点也不可留到早晨;若有留到早晨的,要用火烧了。 11 你们要这样吃羔羊:腰间束带,脚上穿鞋,手中拿杖,快快地吃。这是耶和华的逾越。 12 因为那夜我要走遍埃及地,把埃及地一切头生的,无论是人是牲畜,都击杀了;我要对埃及所有的神明施行审判。我是耶和华。 13 这血要在你们所住的房屋上作记号;我一见这血,就逾越你们。我击打埃及地的时候,灾殃必不临到你们身上施行毁灭。”

除酵节

14 “你们要记念这日,世世代代守这日为耶和华的节日,作为你们永远的定例。 15 你们要吃无酵饼七日。第一日要把酵从你们各家中除去,因为从第一日到第七日,任何吃有酵之物的,必从以色列中剪除。 16 第一日当有圣会,第七日也当有圣会。在这两日,任何工作都不可做,只能预备各人的食物,这是惟一可做的工作。 17 你们要守除酵节,因为我在这一日把你们的军队从埃及地领出来。所以,你们要世世代代守这日,立为永远的定例。 18 从正月十四日晚上,直到二十一日晚上,你们要吃无酵饼。 19 在你们各家中,七日之内不可有酵,因为凡吃有酵之物的,无论是寄居的,是本地的,必从以色列的会中剪除。 20 任何有酵的物,你们都不可吃;在你们一切的住处要吃无酵饼。”

逾越节的建立

21 于是,摩西召了以色列的众长老来,对他们说:“你们要为家人取羔羊,把逾越的羔羊宰了。 22 要拿一把牛膝草,蘸盆里的血,把盆里的血涂在门楣上和两边的门框上。直到早晨你们谁也不可出自己家里的门。 23 因为耶和华要走遍埃及,施行击杀,他看见血在门楣上和两边的门框上,耶和华就必逾越那门,不让灭命者进你们的家,施行击杀。 24 你们要守这命令,作为你们和你们子孙永远的定例。 25 日后,你们到了耶和华所应许赐给你们的那地,就要守这礼仪。 26 你们的儿女对你们说:‘这礼仪是什么意思呢?’ 27 你们就说:‘这是献给耶和华逾越节的祭物。当耶和华击杀埃及人的时候,他逾越了以色列人在埃及的房屋,救了我们各家。’”于是百姓低头敬拜。 28 以色列人就去做;他们照耶和华吩咐摩西亚伦的去做了。

第十灾:头生的被杀

29 到了半夜,耶和华把埃及地所有头生的,就是从坐宝座的法老,到关在牢里的人的长子,以及一切头生的牲畜,尽都杀了。 30 法老和他众臣仆,以及所有的埃及人,都在夜间起来了。在埃及有大大的哀号,因为没有一家不死人的。 31 夜间,法老召了摩西亚伦来,说:“起来!你们和以色列人,都离开我的百姓出去,照你们所说的,去事奉耶和华吧! 32 照你们所说的,连羊群牛群也带走,也为我祝福吧!”

33 埃及人催促百姓赶快离开那地,因为埃及人说:“我们都快死了。” 34 百姓就拿着没有发酵的生面,把揉面盆包在衣服中,扛在肩上。 35 以色列人照摩西的话去做,向埃及人索取金器、银器和衣裳。 36 耶和华使埃及人看得起他的百姓,埃及人就给了他们所要的。他们就掠夺了埃及人。

出埃及

37 以色列人从兰塞起程,往疏割去。除了小孩,步行的男人约有六十万。 38 又有许多不同族群的人,以及众多的羊群牛群,和他们一同上去。 39 他们用埃及带出来的生面烤成无酵饼。这生面是没有发酵的;因为他们被催促离开埃及,不能耽延,就没有为自己预备食物。

40 以色列人住在埃及共四百三十年。 41 正满四百三十年的那一天,耶和华的全军从埃及地出来了。 42 这是向耶和华守的夜,他领他们出埃及地;这是以色列众人世世代代要向耶和华守的夜。

逾越节的条例

43 耶和华对摩西亚伦说:“逾越节的条例是这样:外邦人不可吃这羔羊。 44 但是你们用银子买来,又受过割礼的奴仆可以吃。 45 寄居的和雇工都不可吃。 46 应当在一个屋子里吃,不可把肉带到屋外,骨头一根也不可折断。 47 以色列全会众都要守这礼仪。 48 若有外人寄居在你那里,要向耶和华守逾越节,他所有的男子务要先受割礼,然后才可以当他是本地人,容许他守这礼仪。但未受割礼的都不可吃这羔羊。 49 本地人和寄居在你们中间的外人当守同一个条例。” 50 以色列众人就去做,他们照耶和华吩咐摩西亚伦的去做了。 51 正当那日,耶和华将以色列人按着他们的队伍从埃及地领了出来。

Footnotes

  1. 12.3 “家庭”:原文是“父家(以父为主的家庭)”。

逾越节

12 耶和华在埃及对摩西和亚伦说: “从现在开始,你们要以这个月为一月,为一年之首。 你要向以色列全体会众宣布,本月的第十日,每家都要预备一只羊羔,一家一只。 倘若家人太少,吃不了一只,可以跟最近的邻居共享一只,你们要按人数和各人的食量预备羊羔。 羊羔必须是毫无残疾、一岁的公绵羊或公山羊。 全体会众要把羊留到本月十四日,在黄昏时分宰杀, 然后取点血涂在房子的门框和门楣上,全家要在房子里吃羊肉。 当晚,你们要用火把羊肉烤熟,与无酵饼和苦菜一起吃。 不可吃生羊肉,也不可煮着吃,要把整只羊,连头带腿和内脏一并烤着吃。 10 不可把肉留到早晨,留到早晨的肉要烧掉。 11 你们吃的时候,要束腰、穿鞋、手中拿杖,要赶快吃,这是耶和华的逾越节。

12 “因为那一夜我要巡遍埃及,把境内所有长子和头生的牲畜全都杀掉,也要严惩埃及所有的神明。我是耶和华。 13 涂在你们房屋上的血是一个记号,我见到这血就会越过你们。我击打埃及的时候,那灾祸不会落到你们身上。 14 你们要记住这一天,守为耶和华的节期,作为世世代代永远的定例。

除酵节

15 “七天之内你们都要吃无酵饼。第一天,要清除家中所有的酵。任何人若在这七天当中吃有酵的饼,要将他从以色列人中铲除。 16 在节期的第一天和第七天,你们都要招聚百姓举行圣会。这两天所有人都不得工作,除了预备各人要吃的以外,不可做任何工。 17 你们要守这无酵节,因为我在这天把你们大队人马从埃及领了出来。你们要守这节期,作为世世代代永远的定例。 18 从一月十四日晚上开始,直到二十一日晚上,你们都要吃无酵饼。 19 在这七天内,你们屋里不能有酵。任何人若吃了有酵的东西,不论他是寄居者还是本地人,要将他从以色列会众中铲除。 20 无论你们住在哪里都要吃无酵饼,不能吃有酵的食物。”

21 于是,摩西召集以色列的众长老,对他们说:“你们家家户户都要挑选羊羔,把这逾越节的羊羔宰了。 22 拿一把牛膝草蘸盆里的血,把血涂在门框和门楣上。天亮前,你们不可踏出门外。 23 因为耶和华要巡行各地,击杀埃及人,祂看见你们的门框和门楣上有血,就必越过你们的家门,不让灭命者进你们家杀人。 24 这是你们世世代代都要遵守的定例。 25 你们进入耶和华应许给你们的地方以后,要守这逾越节。 26 你们的儿女问你们守这节期的意义时, 27 你们就说,‘这是献给耶和华逾越节的祭,因为我们从前在埃及时,祂击杀埃及人,却越过以色列人所住的房子,救了我们各家。’”百姓听了摩西这番话,都低头下拜。 28 耶和华怎么吩咐摩西和亚伦,以色列人就照样遵行。

29 到了半夜,耶和华把所有埃及人的长子都杀了,包括坐王位的法老的长子、牢中囚犯的长子和一切头生的牲畜。 30 晚上,法老及其臣仆和所有埃及人都惊醒了,到处都是哭号声,因为没有一家不死人的。 31 法老连夜召见摩西和亚伦,对他们说:“你们和以色列人走吧,离开我的人民。就照你们的要求,去事奉耶和华吧! 32 照你们的要求,把所有的牛羊都带走吧!也要为我祝福。” 33 埃及人催促以色列人赶快离开埃及,因为他们说:“我们都要死了。” 34 于是,以色列百姓就把没有酵的面团放在揉面盆里,用衣服包起来扛在肩上, 35 又遵照摩西的吩咐向埃及人索取金器、银器和衣服。 36 耶和华使埃及人恩待以色列人,他们要什么,埃及人就给什么。这样,以色列人夺取了埃及人的财富。

37 以色列百姓从埃及的兰塞启行,前往疏割,妇女孩童不算在内,单是步行的男子就有六十万, 38 同行的还有许多外族人和大群的牛羊。 39 他们用从埃及带出来的面团烤成无酵饼,面团没有酵,因为他们被催促离开埃及,没有时间准备食物。 40 以色列人在埃及共住了四百三十年, 41 正好满了四百三十年的那一天,耶和华带领以色列大队人马离开了埃及。 42 那天晚上是耶和华把祂的子民带出埃及之夜,因此以后世世代代的以色列人都要在那日守夜,以尊崇耶和华。

43 耶和华对摩西和亚伦说:“以下是逾越节的条例。

“所有外族人都不可吃逾越节的羊羔, 44 但那些买来的奴隶若接受了割礼,就可以吃。 45 寄居的外族人和雇用的工人不可吃。 46 你们吃的时候,应当在房子里吃,不得把肉带到外面去,也不可折断羊羔的一根骨头。 47 以色列全体会众都要守这节期。 48 跟你们住在一起的外族人如果想为耶和华守逾越节,他全家的男子都必须接受割礼,这样才可以像以色列人一样守逾越节,但没有接受割礼的人绝不可吃逾越节的羊羔。 49 本地人和在你们中间寄居的外族人都要遵守这规矩。”

50 耶和华怎样吩咐摩西和亚伦,以色列百姓都遵命而行。 51 就在那一天,耶和华带领以色列大队人马离开了埃及。

逾越節

12 耶和華在埃及對摩西和亞倫說: 「從現在開始,你們要以這個月為一月,為一年之首。 你要向以色列全體會眾宣佈,本月的第十日,每家都要預備一隻羊羔,一家一隻。 倘若家人太少,吃不了一隻,可以跟最近的鄰居共享一隻,你們要按人數和各人的食量預備羊羔。 羊羔必須是毫無殘疾、一歲的公綿羊或公山羊。 全體會眾要把羊留到本月十四日,在黃昏時分宰殺, 然後取點血塗在房子的門框和門楣上,全家要在房子裡吃羊肉。 當晚,你們要用火把羊肉烤熟,與無酵餅和苦菜一起吃。 不可吃生羊肉,也不可煮著吃,要把整隻羊,連頭帶腿和內臟一併烤著吃。 10 不可把肉留到早晨,留到早晨的肉要燒掉。 11 你們吃的時候,要束腰、穿鞋、手中拿杖,要趕快吃,這是耶和華的逾越節。

12 「因為那一夜我要巡遍埃及,把境內所有長子和頭生的牲畜全都殺掉,也要嚴懲埃及所有的神明。我是耶和華。 13 塗在你們房屋上的血是一個記號,我見到這血就會越過你們。我擊打埃及的時候,那災禍不會落到你們身上。 14 你們要記住這一天,守為耶和華的節期,作為世世代代永遠的定例。

除酵節

15 「七天之內你們都要吃無酵餅。第一天,要清除家中所有的酵。任何人若在這七天當中吃有酵的餅,要將他從以色列人中剷除。 16 在節期的第一天和第七天,你們都要招聚百姓舉行聖會。這兩天所有人都不得工作,除了預備各人要吃的以外,不可做任何工。 17 你們要守這無酵節,因為我在這天把你們大隊人馬從埃及領了出來。你們要守這節期,作為世世代代永遠的定例。 18 從一月十四日晚上開始,直到二十一日晚上,你們都要吃無酵餅。 19 在這七天內,你們屋裡不能有酵。任何人若吃了有酵的東西,不論他是寄居者還是本地人,要將他從以色列會眾中剷除。 20 無論你們住在哪裡都要吃無酵餅,不能吃有酵的食物。」

21 於是,摩西召集以色列的眾長老,對他們說:「你們家家戶戶都要挑選羊羔,把這逾越節的羊羔宰了。 22 拿一把牛膝草蘸盆裡的血,把血塗在門框和門楣上。天亮前,你們不可踏出門外。 23 因為耶和華要巡行各地,擊殺埃及人,祂看見你們的門框和門楣上有血,就必越過你們的家門,不讓滅命者進你們家殺人。 24 這是你們世世代代都要遵守的定例。 25 你們進入耶和華應許給你們的地方以後,要守這逾越節。 26 你們的兒女問你們守這節期的意義時, 27 你們就說,『這是獻給耶和華逾越節的祭,因為我們從前在埃及時,祂擊殺埃及人,卻越過以色列人所住的房子,救了我們各家。』」百姓聽了摩西這番話,都低頭下拜。 28 耶和華怎麼吩咐摩西和亞倫,以色列人就照樣遵行。

29 到了半夜,耶和華把所有埃及人的長子都殺了,包括坐王位的法老的長子、牢中囚犯的長子和一切頭生的牲畜。 30 晚上,法老及其臣僕和所有埃及人都驚醒了,到處都是哭號聲,因為沒有一家不死人的。 31 法老連夜召見摩西和亞倫,對他們說:「你們和以色列人走吧,離開我的人民。就照你們的要求,去事奉耶和華吧! 32 照你們的要求,把所有的牛羊都帶走吧!也要為我祝福。」 33 埃及人催促以色列人趕快離開埃及,因為他們說:「我們都要死了。」 34 於是,以色列百姓就把沒有酵的麵團放在揉麵盆裡,用衣服包起來扛在肩上, 35 又遵照摩西的吩咐向埃及人索取金器、銀器和衣服。 36 耶和華使埃及人恩待以色列人,他們要什麼,埃及人就給什麼。這樣,以色列人奪取了埃及人的財富。

37 以色列百姓從埃及的蘭塞啟行,前往疏割,婦女孩童不算在內,單是步行的男子就有六十萬, 38 同行的還有許多外族人和大群的牛羊。 39 他們用從埃及帶出來的麵團烤成無酵餅,麵團沒有酵,因為他們被催促離開埃及,沒有時間準備食物。 40 以色列人在埃及共住了四百三十年, 41 正好滿了四百三十年的那一天,耶和華帶領以色列大隊人馬離開了埃及。 42 那天晚上是耶和華把祂的子民帶出埃及之夜,因此以後世世代代的以色列人都要在那日守夜,以尊崇耶和華。

43 耶和華對摩西和亞倫說:「以下是逾越節的條例。

「所有外族人都不可吃逾越節的羊羔, 44 但那些買來的奴隸若接受了割禮,就可以吃。 45 寄居的外族人和雇用的工人不可吃。 46 你們吃的時候,應當在房子裡吃,不得把肉帶到外面去,也不可折斷羊羔的一根骨頭。 47 以色列全體會眾都要守這節期。 48 跟你們住在一起的外族人如果想為耶和華守逾越節,他全家的男子都必須接受割禮,這樣才可以像以色列人一樣守逾越節,但沒有接受割禮的人絕不可吃逾越節的羊羔。 49 本地人和在你們中間寄居的外族人都要遵守這規矩。」

50 耶和華怎樣吩咐摩西和亞倫,以色列百姓都遵命而行。 51 就在那一天,耶和華帶領以色列大隊人馬離開了埃及。

12 Then the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “From now on, this month will be the first and most important of the entire year. 3-4 Annually, on the tenth day of this month (announce this to all the people of Israel) each family shall get a lamb[a] (or, if a family is small, let it share the lamb with another small family in the neighborhood; whether to share in this way depends on the size of the families). This animal shall be a year-old male, either a sheep or a goat, without any defects.

“On the evening of the fourteenth day of this month, all these lambs shall be killed, and their blood shall be placed on the two side-frames of the door of every home and on the panel above the door. Use the blood of the lamb eaten in that home. Everyone shall eat roast lamb that night, with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. The meat must not be eaten raw or boiled, but roasted, including the head, legs, heart, and liver.[b] 10 Don’t eat any of it the next day; if all is not eaten that night, burn what is left.

11 “Eat it with your traveling clothes on, prepared for a long journey, wearing your walking shoes and carrying your walking sticks in your hands; eat it hurriedly. This observance shall be called the Lord’s Passover. 12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt tonight and kill all the oldest sons and firstborn male animals in all the land of Egypt, and execute judgment upon all the gods of Egypt—for I am Jehovah. 13 The blood you have placed on the doorposts will be proof that you obey me, and when I see the blood I will pass over you and I will not destroy your firstborn children when I smite the land of Egypt.

14 “You shall celebrate this event each year (this is a permanent law) to remind you of this fatal night. 15 The celebration shall last seven days. For that entire period you are to eat only bread made without yeast. Anyone who disobeys this rule at any time during the seven days of the celebration shall be excommunicated from Israel. 16 On the first day of the celebration, and again on the seventh day, there will be special religious services for the entire congregation, and no work of any kind may be done on those days except the preparation of food.

17 “This annual ‘Celebration with Unleavened Bread’ will cause you always to remember today as the day when I brought you out of the land of Egypt; so it is a law that you must celebrate this day annually, generation after generation. 18 Only bread without yeast may be eaten from the evening of the fourteenth day of the month until the evening of the twenty-first day of the month. 19 For these seven days there must be no trace of yeast in your homes; during that time anyone who eats anything that has yeast in it shall be excommunicated from the congregation of Israel. These same rules apply to foreigners who are living among you just as much as to those born in the land. 20 Again I repeat, during those days you must not eat anything made with yeast; serve only yeastless bread.”

21 Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and get lambs from your flocks, a lamb for one or more families depending upon the number of persons in the families, and kill the lamb so that God will pass over you and not destroy you. 22 Drain the lamb’s blood into a basin, and then take a cluster of hyssop branches and dip them into the lamb’s blood, and strike the hyssop against the lintel above the door and against the two side panels, so that there will be blood upon them, and none of you shall go outside all night.

23 “For Jehovah will pass through the land and kill the Egyptians; but when he sees the blood upon the panel at the top of the door and on the two side pieces, he will pass over[c] that home and not permit the Destroyer to enter and kill your firstborn. 24 And remember, this is a permanent law for you and your posterity. 25 And when you come into the land that the Lord will give you, just as he promised, and when you are celebrating the Passover, 26 and your children ask, ‘What does all this mean? What is this ceremony about?’ 27 you will reply, ‘It is the celebration of Jehovah’s passing over us, for he passed over the homes of the people of Israel, though he killed the Egyptians; he passed over our houses and did not come in to destroy us.’” And all the people bowed their heads and worshiped.

28 So the people of Israel did as Moses and Aaron had commanded. 29 And that night, at midnight, Jehovah killed all the firstborn sons in the land of Egypt, from Pharaoh’s oldest son to the oldest son of the captive in the dungeon; also all the firstborn of the cattle. 30 Then Pharaoh and his officials and all the people of Egypt got up in the night; and there was bitter crying throughout all the land of Egypt, for there was not a house where someone had not died.

31 And Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron during the night and said, “Leave us; please go away, all of you; go and serve Jehovah as you said. 32 Take your flocks and herds and be gone; and oh, give me a blessing as you go.”[d] 33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people of Israel, to get them out of the land as quickly as possible. For they said, “We are as good as dead.”

34 The Israelis took with them their bread dough without yeast, and bound their kneading troughs into their spare clothes, and carried them on their shoulders. 35 And the people of Israel did as Moses said and asked the Egyptians for silver and gold jewelry and for clothing. 36 And the Lord gave the Israelis favor with the Egyptians, so that they gave them whatever they wanted. And the Egyptians were practically stripped of everything they owned!

37 That night the people of Israel left Rameses and started for Succoth; there were six hundred thousand of them, besides all the women and children, going on foot. 38 People of various sorts[e] went with them; and there were flocks and herds—a vast exodus of cattle. 39 When they stopped to eat, they baked bread from the yeastless dough they had brought along. It was yeastless because the people were pushed out of Egypt and didn’t have time to wait for bread to rise to take with them on the trip.

40-41 The sons of Jacob and their descendants had lived in Egypt 430 years, and it was on the last day of the 430th year that all of Jehovah’s people left the land. 42 This night was selected by the Lord to bring his people out from the land of Egypt; so the same night was selected as the date of the annual celebration of God’s deliverance.

43 Then Jehovah said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the rules concerning the observance of the Passover. No foreigners shall eat the lamb, 44 but any slave who has been purchased may eat it if he has been circumcised. 45 A hired servant or a visiting foreigner may not eat of it. 46 You shall, all of you who eat each lamb, eat it together in one house, and not carry it outside; and you shall not break any of its bones. 47 All the congregation of Israel shall observe this memorial at the same time.

48 “As to foreigners, if they are living with you and want to observe the Passover with you, let all the males be circumcised, and then they may come and celebrate with you—then they shall be just as though they had been born among you; but no uncircumcised person shall ever eat the lamb. 49 The same law applies to those born in Israel and to foreigners living among you.”

50 So the people of Israel followed all of Jehovah’s instructions to Moses and Aaron. 51 That very day the Lord brought out the people of Israel from the land of Egypt, wave after wave of them crossing the border.[f]

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 12:3 The Hebrew word here translated “lamb” can also mean “kid”—a baby goat.
  2. Exodus 12:9 liver, literally, “inner parts.”
  3. Exodus 12:23 he will pass over, or “he will pause at the door of.”
  4. Exodus 12:32 give me a blessing as you go, literally, “say farewell to me forever.”
  5. Exodus 12:38 People of various sorts, literally, “a mixed multitude.” The meaning is not clear.
  6. Exodus 12:51 wave after wave of them crossing the border, or “all of the communities of them.”