司提凡的申辯

大祭司問:「這是真的嗎?」 司提凡說:「各位父老兄弟,請聽我說!我們的祖先亞伯拉罕還未遷到哈蘭之前,住在美索不達米亞,榮耀的上帝向他顯現,說, 『你要離開家鄉和親族,到我要指示你的地方去。』 亞伯拉罕就離開迦勒底人的地方,在哈蘭住了下來。他父親過世以後,上帝又領他到你們現在居住的這個地方。 當時在這片土地上,上帝沒有給他任何產業,他甚至連立足之地也沒有。但上帝應許要把這片土地賜給他和他的後裔作產業,儘管那時候亞伯拉罕還沒有兒子。 上帝又說,『你的子孫必流落異鄉,受奴役、被虐待四百年。 但我必懲罰奴役他們的國家,之後你的子孫要離開那裡,在這片土地上事奉我。』 上帝又賜下割禮作為祂與亞伯拉罕立約的憑據。亞伯拉罕在以撒出生後的第八天為他行割禮。照樣,以撒為他的兒子雅各行了割禮,雅各也為他的兒子——以色列十二位先祖行了割禮。[a]

「先祖們嫉妒自己的弟弟約瑟,把他賣到了埃及。但上帝一直與他同在, 10 救他脫離一切危難,又賜他過人的智慧,使他在埃及法老面前得到恩寵,官拜宰相治理全國,並管理王室。 11 後來,埃及和迦南全境遭遇饑荒,災情嚴重,我們的先祖們斷了糧。 12 雅各聽說埃及有糧,就派先祖們去那裡買糧,那是我們的先祖初次去埃及。 13 他們第二次去的時候,約瑟才和弟兄們相認,並且領他們拜見埃及王。 14 後來,約瑟派人去把父親雅各和全族七十五人都接到埃及。 15 從此以後,雅各和其他先祖們便定居埃及,直到去世。 16 後來他們的遺體被帶回示劍,安葬在亞伯拉罕買自哈抹子孫的墓地裡。

17 「上帝對亞伯拉罕所應許的日子快到的時侯,以色列人在埃及的人口已大大增加。 18 後來埃及有一位不認識約瑟的新王登基。 19 他用毒計苦害我們的同胞,虐待我們的祖先,強令他們把嬰孩拋棄,不讓嬰孩存活。 20 那時,摩西出生了,他長得俊美非凡。他的父母在家裡偷偷地撫養了他三個月, 21 最後不得已才丟棄他。法老的女兒救了他,收為養子。

22 「摩西學會了埃及人一切的學問,成為一個說話辦事很有能力的人。 23 他四十歲那年決定去探望自己的同胞以色列人。 24 他到了他們那裡,看見一個埃及人正在欺負以色列人,就打抱不平,殺了那個埃及人。 25 摩西以為同胞們會明白上帝要藉著他的手拯救他們,可是他們並不明白。 26 第二天,他看見兩個以色列人在打架,就上前勸解說,『大家都是同胞,為什麼互相毆打呢?』 27 不料那個欺負人的推開摩西說,『誰立你作我們的首領和審判官? 28 難道你要殺我,像昨天殺那個埃及人一樣嗎?』 29 摩西聽了這話,就逃到米甸寄居,在那裡成家,生了兩個兒子。

30 「過了四十年,在西奈山的曠野,上帝的天使在荊棘火焰中向摩西顯現。 31 摩西見狀很驚奇,正要上前看個究竟,就聽見主說, 32 『我是你祖先的上帝,是亞伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的上帝。』摩西戰戰兢兢,不敢觀看。 33 主又說,『脫下你腳上的鞋子,因為你所站的地方是聖地。 34 我已清楚看見我子民在埃及所受的苦難,也聽見了他們的哀歎,我下來要救他們。你來,我要派你回埃及。』

35 「百姓曾拒絕這位摩西,說,『誰立你作我們的首領和審判官?』上帝卻藉著在荊棘中顯現的天使親自差遣他,立他為首領和拯救者。 36 摩西帶領以色列人出埃及,過紅海,越曠野,四十年間行了許多神蹟奇事。 37 就是這位摩西曾對以色列人說,『上帝要在你們中間興起一位像我一樣的先知。』 38 這位摩西曾在曠野與以色列的會眾——我們的祖先在一起,又在西奈山上與向他傳信息的天使在一起,並且領受了生命之道傳給我們。

39 「可是我們的祖先不聽從他,甚至棄絕他,心裡對埃及戀戀不捨。 40 他們請求亞倫說,『為我們造一些神像來帶領我們吧!領我們離開埃及的那個摩西不知怎樣了。』 41 於是,他們造了一個牛犢像,向它獻祭,並為自己所做的事沾沾自喜。 42 因此,上帝轉臉不顧他們,任由他們祭拜日月星辰,正如先知書的記載,

『以色列家啊,
在曠野的四十年間,
你們向我獻過祭物和供品嗎?
43 你們抬著為自己所造的神像,
就是摩洛的帳篷和理番神明的星,
祭拜它們,
所以我要把你們趕到比巴比倫還遠的地方去。』

44 「我們的祖先在曠野的時候,一直帶著安放約櫃的聖幕,這聖幕是上帝吩咐摩西照他所看見的樣式造的。 45 後來我們的祖先承受了聖幕。上帝從我們祖先面前趕走外族人,使他們得到了應許之地。他們同約書亞把聖幕帶到那裡,一直到大衛的時代。 46 大衛蒙上帝悅納,祈求為雅各的上帝建造一座聖殿。 47 結果是他的兒子所羅門為上帝建成了聖殿。

48 「其實至高的上帝並不住人造的殿,祂曾藉著先知說, 49 『天是我的寶座,地是我的腳凳,你們要為我造怎樣的殿宇?哪裡可作我的安歇之處? 50 這一切不都是我親手創造的嗎?』

51 「你們這些頑固不化、耳不聽心不悔的人[b],經常抗拒聖靈,所作所為和你們的祖先如出一轍! 52 哪一位先知沒有被你們祖先迫害?那些預言義者——彌賽亞要來的人也被你們的祖先殺害。如今你們竟出賣了那位公義者,殺害了祂! 53 你們接受了上帝藉天使所傳的律法,竟不遵守!」

司提凡殉道

54 眾人聽了這番話,怒火中燒,咬牙切齒。 55 司提凡卻被聖靈充滿,定睛望天,看見上帝的榮耀和站在上帝右邊的耶穌。 56 司提凡說:「看啊!我看見天開了,人子站在上帝的右邊。」

57 眾人大喊大叫,捂著耳朵,蜂擁而上, 58 把司提凡拉到城外,用石頭打他。指控他的人把他們的衣服交給一個名叫掃羅的青年看管。 59 在亂石擊打之下,司提凡呼求說:「主耶穌啊,接收我的靈魂吧!」然後跪下高聲說: 60 「主啊,不要追究他們的罪!」說完後,就斷氣了。

Footnotes

  1. 7·8 第八節後半部分或譯「以撒生雅各,雅各生以色列十二位先祖。」
  2. 7·51 耳不聽心不悔的人」希臘文是「心與耳未受割禮的人」。

Stephen’s Speech to the Council

Then the high priest asked him, “Are these things so?” And Stephen replied:

“Brothers[a] and fathers, listen to me. The God of glory appeared to our ancestor Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran, and said to him, ‘Leave your country and your relatives and go to the land that I will show you.’ Then he left the country of the Chaldeans and settled in Haran. After his father died, God had him move from there to this country in which you are now living. He did not give him any of it as a heritage, not even a foot’s length, but promised to give it to him as his possession and to his descendants after him, even though he had no child. And God spoke in these terms, that his descendants would be resident aliens in a country belonging to others, who would enslave them and mistreat them during four hundred years. ‘But I will judge the nation that they serve,’ said God, ‘and after that they shall come out and worship me in this place.’ Then he gave him the covenant of circumcision. And so Abraham[b] became the father of Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day; and Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob of the twelve patriarchs.

“The patriarchs, jealous of Joseph, sold him into Egypt; but God was with him, 10 and rescued him from all his afflictions, and enabled him to win favor and to show wisdom when he stood before Pharaoh, king of Egypt, who appointed him ruler over Egypt and over all his household. 11 Now there came a famine throughout Egypt and Canaan, and great suffering, and our ancestors could find no food. 12 But when Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent our ancestors there on their first visit. 13 On the second visit Joseph made himself known to his brothers, and Joseph’s family became known to Pharaoh. 14 Then Joseph sent and invited his father Jacob and all his relatives to come to him, seventy-five in all; 15 so Jacob went down to Egypt. He himself died there as well as our ancestors, 16 and their bodies[c] were brought back to Shechem and laid in the tomb that Abraham had bought for a sum of silver from the sons of Hamor in Shechem.

17 “But as the time drew near for the fulfillment of the promise that God had made to Abraham, our people in Egypt increased and multiplied 18 until another king who had not known Joseph ruled over Egypt. 19 He dealt craftily with our race and forced our ancestors to abandon their infants so that they would die. 20 At this time Moses was born, and he was beautiful before God. For three months he was brought up in his father’s house; 21 and when he was abandoned, Pharaoh’s daughter adopted him and brought him up as her own son. 22 So Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians and was powerful in his words and deeds.

23 “When he was forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his relatives, the Israelites.[d] 24 When he saw one of them being wronged, he defended the oppressed man and avenged him by striking down the Egyptian. 25 He supposed that his kinsfolk would understand that God through him was rescuing them, but they did not understand. 26 The next day he came to some of them as they were quarreling and tried to reconcile them, saying, ‘Men, you are brothers; why do you wrong each other?’ 27 But the man who was wronging his neighbor pushed Moses[e] aside, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? 28 Do you want to kill me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’ 29 When he heard this, Moses fled and became a resident alien in the land of Midian. There he became the father of two sons.

30 “Now when forty years had passed, an angel appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in the flame of a burning bush. 31 When Moses saw it, he was amazed at the sight; and as he approached to look, there came the voice of the Lord: 32 ‘I am the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.’ Moses began to tremble and did not dare to look. 33 Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground. 34 I have surely seen the mistreatment of my people who are in Egypt and have heard their groaning, and I have come down to rescue them. Come now, I will send you to Egypt.’

35 “It was this Moses whom they rejected when they said, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge?’ and whom God now sent as both ruler and liberator through the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 36 He led them out, having performed wonders and signs in Egypt, at the Red Sea, and in the wilderness for forty years. 37 This is the Moses who said to the Israelites, ‘God will raise up a prophet for you from your own people[f] as he raised me up.’ 38 He is the one who was in the congregation in the wilderness with the angel who spoke to him at Mount Sinai, and with our ancestors; and he received living oracles to give to us. 39 Our ancestors were unwilling to obey him; instead, they pushed him aside, and in their hearts they turned back to Egypt, 40 saying to Aaron, ‘Make gods for us who will lead the way for us; as for this Moses who led us out from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him.’ 41 At that time they made a calf, offered a sacrifice to the idol, and reveled in the works of their hands. 42 But God turned away from them and handed them over to worship the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets:

‘Did you offer to me slain victims and sacrifices
    forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel?
43 No; you took along the tent of Moloch,
    and the star of your god Rephan,
        the images that you made to worship;
so I will remove you beyond Babylon.’

44 “Our ancestors had the tent of testimony in the wilderness, as God[g] directed when he spoke to Moses, ordering him to make it according to the pattern he had seen. 45 Our ancestors in turn brought it in with Joshua when they dispossessed the nations that God drove out before our ancestors. And it was there until the time of David, 46 who found favor with God and asked that he might find a dwelling place for the house of Jacob.[h] 47 But it was Solomon who built a house for him. 48 Yet the Most High does not dwell in houses made with human hands;[i] as the prophet says,

49 ‘Heaven is my throne,
    and the earth is my footstool.
What kind of house will you build for me, says the Lord,
    or what is the place of my rest?
50 Did not my hand make all these things?’

51 “You stiff-necked people, uncircumcised in heart and ears, you are forever opposing the Holy Spirit, just as your ancestors used to do. 52 Which of the prophets did your ancestors not persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, and now you have become his betrayers and murderers. 53 You are the ones that received the law as ordained by angels, and yet you have not kept it.”

The Stoning of Stephen

54 When they heard these things, they became enraged and ground their teeth at Stephen.[j] 55 But filled with the Holy Spirit, he gazed into heaven and saw the glory of God and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. 56 “Look,” he said, “I see the heavens opened and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!” 57 But they covered their ears, and with a loud shout all rushed together against him. 58 Then they dragged him out of the city and began to stone him; and the witnesses laid their coats at the feet of a young man named Saul. 59 While they were stoning Stephen, he prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” 60 Then he knelt down and cried out in a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.” When he had said this, he died.[k]

Footnotes

  1. Acts 7:2 Gk Men, brothers
  2. Acts 7:8 Gk he
  3. Acts 7:16 Gk they
  4. Acts 7:23 Gk his brothers, the sons of Israel
  5. Acts 7:27 Gk him
  6. Acts 7:37 Gk your brothers
  7. Acts 7:44 Gk he
  8. Acts 7:46 Other ancient authorities read for the God of Jacob
  9. Acts 7:48 Gk with hands
  10. Acts 7:54 Gk him
  11. Acts 7:60 Gk fell asleep