使徒行傳 27
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)
保羅前往羅馬
27 他們決定讓我們坐船去義大利，於是將保羅和其他囚犯都交給一位皇家兵團的百夫長猶流看管。 2 有一艘亞大米田的船準備沿著亞細亞海岸航行。我們上船啟航，同船的還有帖撒羅尼迦的馬其頓人亞里達古。 3 第二天，船停泊在西頓港，猶流寬待保羅，准他探望當地的朋友，接受他們的照應。
4 我們從那裡啟航後，由於遇到逆風，便沿著塞浦路斯的背風岸前行， 5 經過基利迦和旁非利亞附近的海域，來到呂家的每拉。 6 百夫長在那裡找到一艘從亞歷山大駛往義大利的船，吩咐我們換搭那艘船。
7 一連多日船速十分緩慢，好不容易才駛近革尼土。因為強風船無法前行，只好沿著克里特背風岸航行，經過撒摩尼角。 8 船沿著海岸行進，幾經艱難才到達拉西亞城附近的佳澳。
9 我們耽誤了不少日子，禁食的節期[a]已過，航行很危險，保羅勸告眾人說： 10 「各位，照我看來，如果我們繼續航行，不只會損失貨物和船隻，甚至連我們的性命也難保。」 11 但那百夫長只相信船主和舵手的話，不接受保羅的勸告。 12 由於佳澳港不適宜過冬，大部分人贊成啟航，以為或許可以趕到菲尼基過冬。菲尼基是克里特的一個港口，一面向西南，一面向西北。
驚濤駭浪
13 那時，南風徐徐吹來，他們以為可以按計劃繼續航行，於是起錨沿著克里特行進。 14 可是出發不久，便遇到從島上颳來的猛烈的東北風[b]， 15 船被颳得失去控制，我們只好任船隨風漂流。 16 船沿著一個叫高達的小島的背風面前進，大家好不容易才控制住救生船。 17 水手把救生船拉上甲板後，又用繩索加固船身。因為怕船會在賽耳底擱淺，於是收起船帆，任船漂流。 18 第二天，風浪依然猛烈，他們開始把貨物拋進海裡。 19 第三天，他們又親手把船上的用具也拋掉了。 20 一連好幾天都看不到太陽、星辰，風浪肆虐，我們完全放棄了得救的指望。
保羅安慰眾人
21 這時大家已經多日沒有進食，保羅站在他們當中說：「各位當初如果肯聽我勸，不離開克里特，就不會遭受這些損失了。 22 現在我勸大家放心，你們無人會喪命，只是這艘船保不住了。 23 因為昨天晚上，我所歸屬、所事奉的上帝差遣天使站在我身旁， 24 對我說，『保羅，不用怕，你一定會站在凱撒面前，上帝也會保全所有和你同船的人。』 25 所以請各位放心，我深信上帝所說的話必然會成就。 26 只是我們一定會在某個島上擱淺。」
27 第十四天的晚上，我們在亞得里亞海漂來漂去。到了午夜時分，水手都覺得離陸地不遠了， 28 就探測水深，結果約三十六米深，再往前一點，只有二十七米左右。 29 他們怕會觸礁，就從船尾拋下四個錨，暫停前進，期待天亮。 30 水手們想要棄船逃生，假裝要從船頭拋錨，卻偷偷地把救生船放到海裡。 31 保羅對百夫長和士兵們說：「除非他們留下來，否則你們都活不了！」 32 士兵聽了，就砍斷繩索，讓救生船漂走。
33 到了黎明時分，保羅勸大家吃東西，說：「你們提心吊膽、不思飲食已經十四天了。 34 我勸你們吃點東西，好活下去，你們必定毫髮無損。」 35 保羅說完後拿起餅，當眾感謝上帝，然後掰開吃。 36 於是大家都振作起來，吃了些東西。 37 船上共有二百七十六人。 38 吃飽了以後，為了要減輕船的重量，他們把麥子拋進海裡。
安全登陸
39 天亮的時候，水手發現了一片不認識的陸地，看見一個有沙灘的海灣，便決定盡可能在那裡靠岸。 40 於是砍斷錨索，把錨丟在海裡，鬆開舵繩，升起前帆，順著風勢駛向那沙灘。 41 可是，遇到兩流交匯的水域，就在那裡擱了淺，船頭卡在那裡不能動彈，船尾被大浪撞裂了。
42 士兵們想把囚犯全殺掉，怕有人乘機游泳逃走。 43 但百夫長為了救保羅，不准他們輕舉妄動，下令會游泳的先跳到海裡游上岸。 44 其餘的人利用木板和船體的碎片游上岸。結果，全船的人都安全上岸了。
ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΩΝ 27
1881 Westcott-Hort New Testament
27 ως δε εκριθη του αποπλειν ημας εις την ιταλιαν παρεδιδουν τον τε παυλον και τινας ετερους δεσμωτας εκατονταρχη ονοματι ιουλιω σπειρης σεβαστης
2 επιβαντες δε πλοιω αδραμυττηνω μελλοντι πλειν εις τους κατα την ασιαν τοπους ανηχθημεν οντος συν ημιν αρισταρχου μακεδονος θεσσαλονικεως
3 τη τε ετερα κατηχθημεν εις σιδωνα φιλανθρωπως τε ο ιουλιος τω παυλω χρησαμενος επετρεψεν προς τους φιλους πορευθεντι επιμελειας τυχειν
4 κακειθεν αναχθεντες υπεπλευσαμεν την κυπρον δια το τους ανεμους ειναι εναντιους
5 το τε πελαγος το κατα την κιλικιαν και παμφυλιαν διαπλευσαντες κατηλθομεν εις μυρα της λυκιας
6 κακει ευρων ο εκατονταρχης πλοιον αλεξανδρινον πλεον εις την ιταλιαν ενεβιβασεν ημας εις αυτο
7 εν ικαναις δε ημεραις βραδυπλοουντες και μολις γενομενοι κατα την κνιδον μη προσεωντος ημας του ανεμου υπεπλευσαμεν την κρητην κατα σαλμωνην
8 μολις τε παραλεγομενοι αυτην ηλθομεν εις τοπον τινα καλουμενον καλους λιμενας ω εγγυς ην πολις λασεα
9 ικανου δε χρονου διαγενομενου και οντος ηδη επισφαλους του πλοος δια το και την νηστειαν ηδη παρεληλυθεναι παρηνει ο παυλος
10 λεγων αυτοις ανδρες θεωρω οτι μετα υβρεως και πολλης ζημιας ου μονον του φορτιου και του πλοιου αλλα και των ψυχων ημων μελλειν εσεσθαι τον πλουν
11 ο δε εκατονταρχης τω κυβερνητη και τω ναυκληρω μαλλον επειθετο η τοις υπο παυλου λεγομενοις
12 ανευθετου δε του λιμενος υπαρχοντος προς παραχειμασιαν οι πλειονες εθεντο βουλην αναχθηναι εκειθεν ειπως δυναιντο καταντησαντες εις φοινικα παραχειμασαι λιμενα της κρητης βλεποντα κατα λιβα και κατα χωρον
13 υποπνευσαντος δε νοτου δοξαντες της προθεσεως κεκρατηκεναι αραντες ασσον παρελεγοντο την κρητην
14 μετ ου πολυ δε εβαλεν κατ αυτης ανεμος τυφωνικος ο καλουμενος ευρακυλων
15 συναρπασθεντος δε του πλοιου και μη δυναμενου αντοφθαλμειν τω ανεμω επιδοντες εφερομεθα
16 νησιον δε τι υποδραμοντες καλουμενον καυδα ισχυσαμεν μολις περικρατεις γενεσθαι της σκαφης
17 ην αραντες βοηθειαις εχρωντο υποζωννυντες το πλοιον φοβουμενοι τε μη εις την συρτιν εκπεσωσιν χαλασαντες το σκευος ουτως εφεροντο
18 σφοδρως δε χειμαζομενων ημων τη εξης εκβολην εποιουντο
19 και τη τριτη αυτοχειρες την σκευην του πλοιου ερριψαν
20 μητε δε ηλιου μητε αστρων επιφαινοντων επι πλειονας ημερας χειμωνος τε ουκ ολιγου επικειμενου λοιπον περιηρειτο ελπις πασα του σωζεσθαι ημας
21 πολλης τε ασιτιας υπαρχουσης τοτε σταθεις ο παυλος εν μεσω αυτων ειπεν εδει μεν ω ανδρες πειθαρχησαντας μοι μη αναγεσθαι απο της κρητης κερδησαι τε την υβριν ταυτην και την ζημιαν
22 και τα νυν παραινω υμας ευθυμειν αποβολη γαρ ψυχης ουδεμια εσται εξ υμων πλην του πλοιου
23 παρεστη γαρ μοι ταυτη τη νυκτι του θεου ου ειμι ω και λατρευω αγγελος
24 λεγων μη φοβου παυλε καισαρι σε δει παραστηναι και ιδου κεχαρισται σοι ο θεος παντας τους πλεοντας μετα σου
25 διο ευθυμειτε ανδρες πιστευω γαρ τω θεω οτι ουτως εσται καθ ον τροπον λελαληται μοι
26 εις νησον δε τινα δει ημας εκπεσειν
27 ως δε τεσσαρεσκαιδεκατη νυξ εγενετο διαφερομενων ημων εν τω αδρια κατα μεσον της νυκτος υπενοουν οι ναυται προσαγειν τινα αυτοις χωραν
28 και βολισαντες ευρον οργυιας εικοσι βραχυ δε διαστησαντες και παλιν βολισαντες ευρον οργυιας δεκαπεντε
29 φοβουμενοι τε μη που κατα τραχεις τοπους εκπεσωμεν εκ πρυμνης ριψαντες αγκυρας τεσσαρας ηυχοντο ημεραν γενεσθαι
30 των δε ναυτων ζητουντων φυγειν εκ του πλοιου και χαλασαντων την σκαφην εις την θαλασσαν προφασει ως εκ πρωρης αγκυρας μελλοντων εκτεινειν
31 ειπεν ο παυλος τω εκατονταρχη και τοις στρατιωταις εαν μη ουτοι μεινωσιν εν τω πλοιω υμεις σωθηναι ου δυνασθε
32 τοτε απεκοψαν οι στρατιωται τα σχοινια της σκαφης και ειασαν αυτην εκπεσειν
33 αχρι δε ου ημερα ημελλεν γινεσθαι παρεκαλει ο παυλος απαντας μεταλαβειν τροφης λεγων τεσσαρεσκαιδεκατην σημερον ημεραν προσδοκωντες ασιτοι διατελειτε μηθεν προσλαβομενοι
34 διο παρακαλω υμας μεταλαβειν τροφης τουτο γαρ προς της υμετερας σωτηριας υπαρχει ουδενος γαρ υμων θριξ απο της κεφαλης απολειται
35 ειπας δε ταυτα και λαβων αρτον ευχαριστησεν τω θεω ενωπιον παντων και κλασας ηρξατο εσθιειν
36 ευθυμοι δε γενομενοι παντες και αυτοι προσελαβοντο τροφης
37 ημεθα δε αι πασαι ψυχαι εν τω πλοιω ως εβδομηκοντα εξ
38 κορεσθεντες δε τροφης εκουφιζον το πλοιον εκβαλλομενοι τον σιτον εις την θαλασσαν
39 οτε δε ημερα εγενετο την γην ουκ επεγινωσκον κολπον δε τινα κατενοουν εχοντα αιγιαλον εις ον εβουλευοντο ει δυναιντο εκσωσαι το πλοιον
40 και τας αγκυρας περιελοντες ειων εις την θαλασσαν αμα ανεντες τας ζευκτηριας των πηδαλιων και επαραντες τον αρτεμωνα τη πνεουση κατειχον εις τον αιγιαλον
41 περιπεσοντες δε εις τοπον διθαλασσον επεκειλαν την ναυν και η μεν πρωρα ερεισασα εμεινεν ασαλευτος η δε πρυμνα ελυετο υπο της βιας
42 των δε στρατιωτων βουλη εγενετο ινα τους δεσμωτας αποκτεινωσιν μη τις εκκολυμβησας διαφυγη
43 ο δε εκατονταρχης βουλομενος διασωσαι τον παυλον εκωλυσεν αυτους του βουληματος εκελευσεν τε τους δυναμενους κολυμβαν αποριψαντας πρωτους επι την γην εξιεναι
44 και τους λοιπους ους μεν επι σανισιν ους δε επι τινων των απο του πλοιου και ουτως εγενετο παντας διασωθηναι επι την γην
Acts 27
King James Version
27 And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners unto one named Julius, a centurion of Augustus' band.
2 And entering into a ship of Adramyttium, we launched, meaning to sail by the coasts of Asia; one Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us.
3 And the next day we touched at Sidon. And Julius courteously entreated Paul, and gave him liberty to go unto his friends to refresh himself.
4 And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.
5 And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.
6 And there the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing into Italy; and he put us therein.
7 And when we had sailed slowly many days, and scarce were come over against Cnidus, the wind not suffering us, we sailed under Crete, over against Salmone;
8 And, hardly passing it, came unto a place which is called The fair havens; nigh whereunto was the city of Lasea.
9 Now when much time was spent, and when sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was now already past, Paul admonished them,
10 And said unto them, Sirs, I perceive that this voyage will be with hurt and much damage, not only of the lading and ship, but also of our lives.
11 Nevertheless the centurion believed the master and the owner of the ship, more than those things which were spoken by Paul.
12 And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to depart thence also, if by any means they might attain to Phenice, and there to winter; which is an haven of Crete, and lieth toward the south west and north west.
13 And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, loosing thence, they sailed close by Crete.
14 But not long after there arose against it a tempestuous wind, called Euroclydon.
15 And when the ship was caught, and could not bear up into the wind, we let her drive.
16 And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat:
17 Which when they had taken up, they used helps, undergirding the ship; and, fearing lest they should fall into the quicksands, strake sail, and so were driven.
18 And we being exceedingly tossed with a tempest, the next day they lightened the ship;
19 And the third day we cast out with our own hands the tackling of the ship.
20 And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared, and no small tempest lay on us, all hope that we should be saved was then taken away.
21 But after long abstinence Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have loosed from Crete, and to have gained this harm and loss.
22 And now I exhort you to be of good cheer: for there shall be no loss of any man's life among you, but of the ship.
23 For there stood by me this night the angel of God, whose I am, and whom I serve,
24 Saying, Fear not, Paul; thou must be brought before Caesar: and, lo, God hath given thee all them that sail with thee.
25 Wherefore, sirs, be of good cheer: for I believe God, that it shall be even as it was told me.
26 Howbeit we must be cast upon a certain island.
27 But when the fourteenth night was come, as we were driven up and down in Adria, about midnight the shipmen deemed that they drew near to some country;
28 And sounded, and found it twenty fathoms: and when they had gone a little further, they sounded again, and found it fifteen fathoms.
29 Then fearing lest we should have fallen upon rocks, they cast four anchors out of the stern, and wished for the day.
30 And as the shipmen were about to flee out of the ship, when they had let down the boat into the sea, under colour as though they would have cast anchors out of the foreship,
31 Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, Except these abide in the ship, ye cannot be saved.
32 Then the soldiers cut off the ropes of the boat, and let her fall off.
33 And while the day was coming on, Paul besought them all to take meat, saying, This day is the fourteenth day that ye have tarried and continued fasting, having taken nothing.
34 Wherefore I pray you to take some meat: for this is for your health: for there shall not an hair fall from the head of any of you.
35 And when he had thus spoken, he took bread, and gave thanks to God in presence of them all: and when he had broken it, he began to eat.
36 Then were they all of good cheer, and they also took some meat.
37 And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls.
38 And when they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, and cast out the wheat into the sea.
39 And when it was day, they knew not the land: but they discovered a certain creek with a shore, into the which they were minded, if it were possible, to thrust in the ship.
40 And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves unto the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoised up the mainsail to the wind, and made toward shore.
41 And falling into a place where two seas met, they ran the ship aground; and the forepart stuck fast, and remained unmoveable, but the hinder part was broken with the violence of the waves.
42 And the soldiers' counsel was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim out, and escape.
43 But the centurion, willing to save Paul, kept them from their purpose; and commanded that they which could swim should cast themselves first into the sea, and get to land:
44 And the rest, some on boards, and some on broken pieces of the ship. And so it came to pass, that they escaped all safe to land.
Acts 27
Lexham English Bible
Paul and His Associates Sail for Rome
27 And when it was decided that we would sail away to Italy, they handed over Paul and some other prisoners to a centurion named[a] Julius of the Augustan[b] Cohort. 2 And we went aboard a ship from Adramyttium that was about to sail to the places along the coast[c] of Asia[d] and[e] put out to sea. Aristarchus, a Macedonian from Thessalonica, was with us. 3 And on the next day, we put in at Sidon. And Julius, treating Paul kindly, allowed him[f] to go to his[g] friends to be cared for.[h] 4 And from there we put out to sea and[i] sailed under the lee of Cyprus, because the winds were against us.[j] 5 And after we[k] had sailed across the open sea along Cilicia and Pamphylia, we put in at Myra in Lycia. 6 And there the centurion found an Alexandrian ship sailing for Italy and[l] put us on board[m] it. 7 And sailing slowly, in many days and with difficulty we came[n] to Cnidus. Because[o] the wind did not permit us to go further, we sailed under the lee of Crete off Salmone. 8 And sailing along its coast with difficulty, we came to a certain place called Fair Havens, near which was the town of Lasea.
9 And because[p] considerable time had passed and the voyage was now dangerous because even the Fast[q] was already over, Paul strongly recommended, 10 saying to them, “Men, I perceive that the voyage is going to end[r] with disaster and great loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives!” 11 But the centurion was convinced even more by the shipmaster and the shipowner than by what was said by Paul. 12 And because[s] the harbor was unsuitable for spending the winter in, the majority decided on a plan to put out to sea from there, if somehow they could arrive at Phoenix, a harbor of Crete facing toward the southwest and toward the northwest, to spend the winter there.[t]
A Violent Storm at Sea
13 And when[u] a southwest wind began to blow gently, because they[v] thought they could accomplish their purpose, they weighed anchor and[w] sailed close along Crete. 14 But not long afterward a wind like a hurricane, called the northeaster,[x] rushed down from it.[y] 15 And when[z] the ship was caught and was not able to head into the wind, we gave way and[aa] were driven along. 16 And running under the lee of a certain small island called Cauda, we were able with difficulty to get the ship’s boat under control. 17 After[ab] hoisting it up,[ac] they made use of supports to undergird the ship. And because they[ad] were afraid lest they run aground on the Syrtis, they lowered the sea anchor and[ae] thus were driven along. 18 And because[af] we were violently battered by the storm, on the next day they began[ag] jettisoning the cargo,[ah] 19 and on the third day they threw overboard the gear of the ship with their own hands. 20 But when[ai] neither sun nor stars appeared for many days, and with not a little bad weather confronting us,[aj] finally all hope was abandoned that we would be saved.
21 And because[ak] many were experiencing lack of appetite, at that time Paul stood up in their midst and[al] said, “Men, you ought to have followed my advice not to put out to sea from Crete, and thus avoided this damage and loss! 22 And now I urge you to cheer up, for there will be no loss of life from among you, but only of the ship. 23 For this night an angel of the God whose I am and whom I serve came to me, 24 saying, ‘Do not be afraid, Paul! It is necessary for you to stand before Caesar, and behold, God has graciously granted you all who are sailing with you.’ 25 Therefore keep up your courage, men, for I believe God that it will be like this—according to the[am] way it was told to me. 26 But it is necessary that we run aground on some island.”
27 And when the fourteenth night had come, as[an] we were being driven in the Adriatic Sea about the middle of the night, the sailors suspected they were approaching some land.[ao] 28 And taking soundings, they found twenty fathoms. So going on a little further and taking soundings again, they found fifteen fathoms. 29 And because they[ap] were afraid lest somewhere we run aground against rough places, they threw down four anchors from the stern and[aq] prayed for day to come. 30 And when[ar] the sailors were seeking to escape from the ship and were lowering the ship’s boat into the sea, pretending as if they were going to lay out anchors from the bow, 31 Paul said to the centurion and the soldiers, “Unless these men remain with the ship, you cannot be saved!” 32 Then the soldiers cut away the ropes of the ship’s boat and let it fall away.[as]
33 And until the day was about to come, Paul was urging them all to take some food, saying, “Today is the fourteenth day you have waited anxiously, and[at] you have continued without eating, having taken nothing. 34 Therefore I urge you to take some food, for this is necessary for your preservation. For not a hair from your head will be lost.” 35 And after he[au] said these things and took bread, he gave thanks to God in front of them all, and after[av] breaking it,[aw] he began to eat. 36 So they all were[ax] encouraged and partook of food themselves. 37 (Now we were in all two hundred seventy six persons on the ship.) 38 And when they[ay] had eaten their fill of food, they lightened the ship by[az] throwing the wheat[ba] into the sea.
The Shipwreck
39 Now when day came, they did not recognize the land, but they noticed a certain bay having a beach, onto which they decided to run the ship ashore if they could. 40 And slipping the anchors, they left them[bb] in the sea, at the same time loosening the ropes[bc] of the steering oars. And hoisting the foresail to the wind that was blowing, they held course for the beach. 41 But falling into a place of crosscurrents,[bd] they ran the ship aground. And the bow stuck fast and[be] stayed immovable, but the stern was being broken up by the violence.[bf] 42 Now the plan of the soldiers was that they would kill the prisoners lest any escape by[bg] swimming away, 43 but the centurion, because he[bh] wanted to save Paul, prevented them from doing what they intended,[bi] and gave orders that those who were able to swim should jump in first to get to the land, 44 and then the rest, some of whom floated[bj] on planks and some of whom on anything that was from the ship. And in this way all were brought safely to the land.
Footnotes
- Acts 27:1 Literally “by name”
- Acts 27:1 The meaning and significance of the title “Augustan” is highly debated, as is the precise identification of this military unit; it may be an honorary unit designation given to auxiliary or provincial troops
- Acts 27:2 The word “coast” is not in the Greek text but is implied
- Acts 27:2 A reference to the Roman province of Asia (modern Asia Minor)
- Acts 27:2 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went aboard”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:3 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:3 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
- Acts 27:3 Literally “to experience care”
- Acts 27:4 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“put out to sea”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:4 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:5 Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had sailed across”) which is understood as temporal
- Acts 27:6 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“found”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:6 Literally “into”
- Acts 27:7 Here this participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style
- Acts 27:7 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the causal genitive absolute participle (“permit … to go further”)
- Acts 27:9 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the causal genitive absolute participle (“had passed”)
- Acts 27:9 A reference to the Jewish Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) which occurs in mid-autumn
- Acts 27:10 Literally “to be”
- Acts 27:12 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the causal genitive absolute participle (“was”)
- Acts 27:12 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:13 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“began to blow gently”)
- Acts 27:13 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“thought”) which is understood as causal
- Acts 27:13 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“weighed anchor”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:14 Literally “Euraquilo,” a violent northern wind
- Acts 27:14 That is, from the island of Crete
- Acts 27:15 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was caught”)
- Acts 27:15 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“gave way”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:17 Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“hoisting”) which is understood as temporal
- Acts 27:17 Literally “which”
- Acts 27:17 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were afraid”) which is understood as causal
- Acts 27:17 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“lowered”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:18 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the causal genitive absolute participle (“battered by the storm”)
- Acts 27:18 Literally “they began to carry out”
- Acts 27:18 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:20 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“appeared”)
- Acts 27:20 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:21 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the causal genitive absolute participle (“were experiencing”)
- Acts 27:21 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“stood up”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:25 Literally “which”
- Acts 27:27 Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were being driven”)
- Acts 27:27 Literally “some land was approaching them”
- Acts 27:29 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were afraid”) which is understood as causal
- Acts 27:29 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“threw down”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:30 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were seeking”)
- Acts 27:32 Or “let it drift away”
- Acts 27:33 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“have waited”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:35 Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“said”) which is understood as temporal
- Acts 27:35 Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“breaking”) which is understood as temporal
- Acts 27:35 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:36 Here this participle (“were”) has been translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style
- Acts 27:38 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had eaten their fill”) which is understood as temporal
- Acts 27:38 Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“throwing”) which is understood as means
- Acts 27:38 Or “grain”
- Acts 27:40 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
- Acts 27:40 Or “bands” (referring to the linkage that tied the steering oars together)
- Acts 27:41 Or “a reef”; literally “a place of two seas,” an expression of uncertain meaning but most likely a nautical technical term for some adverse sea condition
- Acts 27:41 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“stuck fast”) has been translated as a finite verb
- Acts 27:41 Some manuscripts have “the violence of the waves”
- Acts 27:42 Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“swimming away”) which is understood as means
- Acts 27:43 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“wanted”) which is understood as causal
- Acts 27:43 Literally “of the intention”
- Acts 27:44 The word “floated” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied in the translation for clarity
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