12 「以法蓮以風為食,
整天追逐東風,
虛謊和暴力日益增多;
他跟亞述結盟,
向埃及進貢橄欖油。」

耶和華指控猶大;
要按雅各所行的懲罰他,
照雅各所做的報應他。
雅各在母胎之中曾抓住哥哥的腳跟,
壯年之時曾跟上帝角力。
他跟天使角力得勝,
向天使哭求福分。
他在伯特利遇見祂,
在那裡與祂說話——
就是萬軍之上帝耶和華,
耶和華是祂的名。
所以,你們要歸向你們的上帝,
持守仁愛和公義,常常等候祂。

以法蓮是個不誠實的商人,
手裡拿著騙人的秤,喜歡壓榨人。
以法蓮說:「我發財了,
我依靠自己致富。
沒有人能從我的勞碌中找出過錯和罪惡。」

耶和華說:
「從你們在埃及的時候,
我就是你們的上帝耶和華。
我要使你們再次住在帳篷裡,
就像從前守節期時一樣。
10 我曾對先知講話,賜給他們許多異象,
藉他們用比喻警告你們。」

11 基列人充滿罪惡,終必滅亡。
他們在吉甲用公牛獻祭,
他們的祭壇像田間犁溝裡的石堆。
12 雅各曾逃往亞蘭,
以色列在那裡為娶妻而服侍人,

為得到妻子而替人牧羊。

13 耶和華藉著先知帶領以色列離開埃及,
也藉著先知保護他。
14 但以法蓮卻極大地觸怒耶和華,
所以他的主要讓他血債血還,
以羞辱還羞辱。

12 All day long Israel chases
    wind from the desert;
deceit and violence
    are found everywhere.
Treaties are made with Assyria;
    olive oil is taken to Egypt.

Israel and Judah Condemned

The Lord also brings charges
against the people of Judah,
    the descendants of Jacob.
He will punish them
    for what they have done.
(A)(B) Even before Jacob was born,
    he cheated his brother,[a]
and when he grew up,
    he fought against God.[b]

(C) At Bethel, Jacob wrestled
    with an angel and won;
then with tears in his eyes,
he asked for a blessing,
    and God spoke to us[c] there.
God's name is the Lord,
    the Lord God All-Powerful.
So return to your God.
Patiently trust him,
    and show love and justice.

Israel, you enjoy cheating
and taking advantage
    of others.
You say to yourself, “I'm rich!
I earned it all on my own,
    without committing a sin.”[d]

The Lord Is Still the God of Israel

(D) Israel, I, the Lord,
am still your God,
    just as I have been
since the time
    you were in Egypt.
Now I will force you
to live in tents once again,
    as you did in the desert.[e]
10 I spoke to the prophets—
    often I spoke in visions.
And so, I will send my prophets
    with messages of doom.
11 Gilead is terribly sinful
    and will end up ruined.
Bulls are sacrificed in Gilgal
    on altars made of stones,
but those stones will be scattered
    in every field.
12 (E) Jacob[f] escaped to Syria[g]
where he tended sheep
    to earn himself a wife.
13 (F) I sent the prophet Moses
to lead Israel from Egypt
    and to keep them safe.
14 Israel, I will make you pay
for your violent crimes
    and for insulting me.

Footnotes

  1. 12.3 Jacob … cheated … brother: In Hebrew “Jacob” sounds like “cheat” and also like “heel.” Jacob grabbed his twin brother Esau by the heel at the time of their birth (see Genesis 25.26). Later he cheated him out of his rights and blessings as the first-born son (see Genesis 25.29-34; 27.1-40).
  2. 12.3 fought against God: See Genesis 32.22-32.
  3. 12.4 us: Hebrew; two ancient translations “him.”
  4. 12.8 without … sin: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
  5. 12.9 as … desert: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. This probably refers to the 40 years of wandering through the desert after leaving Egypt, though it could refer to the “tents” (or “shelters”) in which the Israelites lived during the Festival of Shelters (see 9.5,6).
  6. 12.12 Jacob: His name was later changed to Israel (see Genesis 32.28), and he became the ancestor of the nation by that name.
  7. 12.12 Syria: The Hebrew text has “Aram,” probably referring to northern Syria in the region of Haran.