但以理书 4
Chinese New Version (Traditional)
王的宣告
4 尼布甲尼撒王向住在全地的各國、各族和說各種語言的人宣告說：“願你們大享平安！ 2 我樂意把至高的 神向我所行的神蹟奇事宣揚出來。
3 他的神蹟多麼偉大，
他的奇事多麼有力；
他的國是永遠的國，
他的統治直到萬代！（本章第1~3節在《馬索拉文本》為3:31~33）
4 “我尼布甲尼撒安逸地住在家中，在宮裡享受榮華富貴。（本節在《馬索拉文本》為4:1） 5 我作了一個夢，這夢使我懼怕；我在床上所見的夢幻和我腦海中出現的異象，都使我驚惶。 6 我就下令把巴比倫所有的智慧人，都帶到我面前來，要他們把夢的意思向我說明。 7 於是術士、用法術的、迦勒底人和占星家都進來；我當面把那夢告訴了他們，可是他們卻不能把夢的意思向我說明。
把夢告訴但以理
8 “最後，那照著我神的名，稱為伯提沙撒的但以理，來到我面前，他裡面有聖神的靈，我就把夢告訴他： 9 ‘術士的領袖伯提沙撒啊！因為我知道你裡面有聖神的靈，沒有甚麼隱祕的事能難倒你；因此，你要把我夢中所見的異象和夢的意思告訴我。 10 我躺在床上時腦海中所見的異象是這樣：
我看見大地中間，
有一棵樹，十分高大。
11 那樹漸長，而且堅強，
高達於天，
地極所有的人都看得到。
12 它的葉子美麗，果實繁多，
所有的生物都從它得到食物；
野地的走獸在它下面歇息，
空中的飛鳥棲宿在它的枝頭上；
各種生物都從它得著供養。
13 “‘我躺在床上，在我腦海出現的異象中，我看見有一位守望者，就是聖者，從天上下來， 14 大聲呼叫，這樣說：
你們要砍下這樹，削斷枝子，
搖落葉子，打散果子，
把樹下的走獸趕散，
把樹枝上的飛鳥趕走。
15 然而，樹根的餘幹卻要留在地上，
用鐵和銅的鍊子圍住，
留在野地的青草中，
使他被天露滴濕；
使他像走獸一樣在地上的草叢中得他的分。
16 使他的心改變，不再是人的心，
給他一個獸心，
使他經過七年的時期。
17 這是守望者宣告的裁決，
是聖者頒布的決定，
好使世人都知道：
至高者在世人的國中掌權，
他喜歡把國賜給誰，就賜給誰，
甚至立最卑微的人執掌國權。
18 “‘這就是我尼布甲尼撒王所作的夢。伯提沙撒啊！你要把這夢的意思告訴我，因為我國中所有的智慧人都不能把夢的意思向我說明；只有你能，因為你裡面有聖神的靈。’”
但以理為王解夢
19 於是那稱為伯提沙撒的但以理驚愕片時，他想到的事使他驚惶。王對他說：“伯提沙撒啊！別讓這夢和夢的意思使你驚惶。”伯提沙撒回答說：“我主啊！願這夢歸給憎恨你的人，夢的意思歸給你的敵人。 20 你所見的樹漸長，而且堅強，高達於天，全地的人都看得到。 21 它的葉子美麗，果實繁多，所有的生物都從它得到食物；野地的走獸住在它下面，空中的飛鳥棲在它的枝頭上。 22 王啊！你就是那樹，越來越偉大堅強；你的威勢漸長，高達於天；你的權柄直到地極。 23 王既然看見一位守望者，就是聖者，從天上下來，說：‘你們要砍下毀壞這樹，樹根的餘幹卻要留在地上，用鐵和銅的鍊子圍住，留在野地的青草中，使他被天露滴濕；使他的分和野地的走獸一樣，直到他經過那七年的時期。’ 24 王啊！夢的意思就是這樣：這臨到我主我王的事，是至高者的裁決。 25 你必被趕逐，離開人群，和野地的走獸同住；你必像牛一樣吃草，被天露滴濕，要經過七年的時期；等到你承認至高者在世人的國中掌權，他喜歡把國賜給誰，就賜給誰。 26 守望者既然吩咐要留下樹根的餘幹，所以，等到你承認上天的至高者是掌權的，你的國就必再歸給你。 27 因此，王啊！請你接納我的勸告，施行公義，斷絕罪過，憐憫受欺壓者，斷絕罪孽，你的平安或者可以延長。”
夢境應驗
28 這一切事都在尼布甲尼撒王身上實現了。 29 過了十二個月，王在巴比倫王宮的平頂上散步的時候， 30 他說：“這大巴比倫城不是我用大能大力建造作我的京都，為顯我威嚴的榮耀嗎？” 31 這話在王的口中還沒有說完，就有聲音從天上傳下來，說：“尼布甲尼撒王啊！有話對你說：你的王權被褫奪了。 32 你必被趕逐，離開人群，和野地的走獸同住；你必像牛一樣吃草，要經過七年的時期；等到你承認至高者在世人的國中掌權，他喜歡把國賜給誰，就賜給誰。” 33 這話立刻就應驗在尼布甲尼撒身上；他被趕逐，離開人群，像牛一樣吃草，身體被天露滴濕，直到他的頭髮長得像鷹毛，指甲像鳥爪。
34 “七年的日子滿了，我尼布甲尼撒舉目望天，我的理智恢復過來，我就稱頌至高者，讚美尊崇活到永遠的 神。
他的統治永無窮盡，
他的國度直到萬代。
35 地上所有的居民，在他來說都是虛無；
在天上的萬軍中，他憑自己的意旨行事；
在地上的居民中，也是這樣；
沒有人能攔住他的手，
或問他說：‘你作甚麼？’
36 “那時，我的理智恢復過來後，為著我國的光榮，我的威嚴和光輝也都恢復過來了。我的謀臣和官員仍來求見我，我的王權重新堅立，我的權勢越發增加。 37 現在我尼布甲尼撒讚美、尊崇、榮耀天上的王，因為他所作的一切都正確，他所行的也都公平；行為驕傲的，他都能貶低。”
但以理书 4
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
尼布甲尼撒的第二个梦
4 尼布甲尼撒王传谕天下各族、各邦、各语种的人：“愿你们大享平安！ 2 我乐意向你们述说至高的上帝对我所行的神迹奇事。
3 “祂的神迹何其伟大！
祂的奇事何其可畏！
祂的国度永远长存，
祂的统治直到万代。
4 “我尼布甲尼撒安居在家，在宫中享受荣华。 5 但我做了一个梦，令我害怕。我躺在床上的时候，脑中出现的情景和异象使我恐惧。 6 我便召巴比伦所有的智者来为我解梦。 7 术士、巫师、占星家和占卜者都来了，我将梦告诉他们，他们却不能给我解梦。 8 最后但以理来到我面前，他又名伯提沙撒——取自我神明的名，他有圣洁神明的灵。我将梦告诉他，说， 9 ‘术士的首领伯提沙撒啊，我知道你有圣洁神明的灵，任何奥秘都难不倒你。请你为我解释我梦中所见的异象。
10 “‘以下是我躺在床上时脑中出现的异象：我看见大地中央有棵非常高大的树。 11 这树长得苍劲有力，高可参天，从地极都能看见。 12 它的叶子美丽，果实累累，可作众生的食物。野兽在它的荫下躺卧，飞鸟在它的枝头栖息，一切生灵都从它那里得到食物。
13 “‘我躺在床上时脑中出现了异象，我看见一位圣洁的守望者从天而降。 14 他大声说，砍倒那棵树，削掉它的枝子，剥光它的叶子，抛散它的果子，使野兽逃离树下，飞鸟离开枝头。 15 但把树丕留在地里，用铁环和铜环箍住他留在野地的青草中，让他被天上的露水浸湿，与野兽一起吃草。 16 要改变他的人心，给他一个兽心，达七年之久。 17 这是守望者的命令，是圣者的决定，要让众生知道至高者主宰世上万国，祂要把国赐给谁就赐给谁，即使是最卑微的人。’
18 “这就是我尼布甲尼撒王所做的梦。伯提沙撒啊，你要为我解梦，因为我国中所有的智者都不能为我解梦。但是你能，因为你有圣洁神明的灵。”
但以理解梦
19 但以理，又名伯提沙撒，一时非常惊讶，惶恐不安。王说：“伯提沙撒啊，不要因为这梦和梦的意思而惶恐不安。”伯提沙撒回答说：“我主啊，愿这梦发生在恨你的人身上，梦的意思应验在你的仇敌身上。 20 你梦见的树苍劲有力，高可参天，从地极都能看见。 21 它的叶子美丽，果实累累，可作众生的食物。野兽住在它的荫下，飞鸟宿在它的枝头。 22 王啊，这苍劲有力的树就是你，你的威名高达穹苍，你的权柄延至地极。 23 王看见圣洁的守望者从天而降，说，‘将这树砍倒、毁灭，但把树丕用铁环和铜环箍住留在野地的青草中，让他被天上的露水浸湿，与野兽一起吃草，达七年之久。’
24 “王啊，以下是梦的意思，是至高者裁定要临到我主我王的事： 25 你必从人群中被赶走，与野兽同住，像牛一样吃草，被天上的露水浸湿，达七年之久，直到你知道至高者主宰世上万国，祂要把国赐给谁就赐给谁。 26 守望者命令留下树丕，表示等到你承认上天掌权后，你将重掌国权。 27 王啊，请接受我的劝谏，你要秉公行义，以断绝罪恶；怜悯穷人，以除掉罪过。这样，你的国运也许可以延续。”
梦兆应验
28 这一切事果然发生在尼布甲尼撒王身上。 29 十二个月后，他在巴比伦王宫的屋顶散步时， 30 说：“这宏伟的巴比伦岂不是我用大能建立为京都，以显我的威严和荣耀吗？” 31 话未说完，天上就有声音说：“尼布甲尼撒王啊，你听着，你已失去王权。 32 你必从人群中被赶走，与野兽同住，像牛一样吃草，达七年之久，直到你知道至高者主宰世上万国，祂要把国赐给谁就赐给谁。” 33 这话立刻应验在尼布甲尼撒身上。他从人群中被赶走，像牛一样吃草，身体被天上的露水浸湿，直到他的头发长如鹰毛，指甲长如鸟爪。
34 “七年后，我尼布甲尼撒举目望天，恢复了神智，便称颂至高者，赞美、尊崇永活者。
“祂的统治永无穷尽，
祂的国度直到万代。
35 世人都微不足道，
祂在天军和世人中独行其道，
无人能拦阻祂的手，
或质问祂的作为。
36 “那时，我恢复了神智，也恢复了我的威严和荣耀，重现我国度的辉煌。我的谋士和大臣都来朝见我，我重掌国权，势力比以前更大。 37 现在我尼布甲尼撒颂赞、尊崇、敬奉天上的王，因为祂的作为公正，祂行事公平，能够贬抑行为骄傲的人。”
Daniel 4
Ang Salita ng Dios (Tagalog Contemporary Bible)
Ang Pangalawang Panaginip ni Nebucadnezar
4 Gumawa si Haring Nebucadnezar ng isang mensahe para sa lahat ng tao sa ibaʼt ibang bansa, lahi, at wika sa buong mundo. Ito ang nakasulat:
“Sumainyo nawa ang mabuting kalagayan.
2 “Nais kong ipaalam sa inyo ang mga himala at kababalaghang ginawa sa akin ng Kataas-taasang Dios.
3 Kamangha-mangha at makapangyarihan ang mga himalang ipinakita ng Dios.
Ang paghahari niya ay walang hanggan.
4 “Ang aking kalagayan dito sa palasyo ay mabuti at namumuhay ako sa kasaganaan. 5 Pero nagkaroon ako ng nakakatakot na panaginip at pangitain na bumabagabag sa akin. 6 Kaya iniutos ko na dalhin sa akin ang lahat ng marurunong sa Babilonia para ipaliwanag sa akin ang kahulugan ng aking panaginip. 7 Nang dumating ang mga salamangkero, manghuhula at mga astrologo,[a] sinabi ko sa kanila ang panaginip ko, pero hindi nila maipaliwanag ang kahulugan nito.
8 “Nang bandang huli, lumapit sa akin si Daniel. (Pinangalanan siyang Belteshazar na pangalan din ng aking dios. Nasa kanya ang espiritu ng banal na mga dios.)[b] Isinalaysay ko sa kanya ang aking panaginip. 9 Sinabi ko, ‘Belteshazar, pinuno ng mga salamangkero, alam kong nasa iyo ang espiritu ng mga dios at nauunawaan mo agad ang kahulugan ng mga hiwaga. Sabihin mo sa akin ang kahulugan ng mga pangitaing nakita ko sa aking panaginip. 10 Ito ang mga pangitaing nakita ko habang natutulog ako: Nakita ko ang isang napakataas na punongkahoy sa gitna ng mundo. 11 Lumaki at tumaas ito hanggang sa langit kaya kitang-kita ito kahit saang bahagi ng mundo. 12 Mayabong ang kanyang mga dahon at marami ang kanyang bunga na maaaring kainin ng lahat. Ang mga hayop ay sumisilong dito at ang mga ibon ay namumugad sa kanyang mga sanga. At dito kumukuha ng pagkain ang lahat ng nilalang.’
13 “Nakita ko rin sa panaginip ang isang anghel[c] na bumaba mula sa langit. 14 Sumigaw siya, ‘Putulin ninyo ang punongkahoy na iyan at ang mga sanga nito. Alisin ang mga dahon nito at itapon ang mga bunga. Bugawin ninyo ang mga hayop na sumisilong at ang mga ibon na namumugad sa mga sanga nito. 15 Pero hayaan ninyo ang tuod sa gitna ng kaparangan para maging talian ng bakal at tanso.’
“Ang taong sinisimbolo ng punong iyon ay laging mababasa ng hamog at kakain ng damo kasama ng mga hayop. 16 Sa loob ng pitong taon ay mawawala siya sa katinuan at magiging isip-hayop. 17 Ito ang hatol na sinabi ng anghel para malaman ng lahat na ang Kataas-taasang Dios ang siyang may kapangyarihan sa kaharian ng mga tao. At maaari niyang ipasakop ang mga ito kahit kanino niya gustuhin, kahit na sa pinakaabang tao.
18 “Ito ang panaginip ko, Belteshazar. Sabihin mo sa akin ang kahulugan nito dahil wala ni isa man sa mga marunong sa aking kaharian ang makapagpaliwanag sa akin ng kahulugan nito. Pero maipapaliwanag mo ito sapagkat nasa iyo ang espiritu ng mga dios.”[d]
Ipinaliwanag ni Daniel ang Kahulugan ng Panaginip
19 Nabagabag at natakot si Daniel (na tinatawag ding Belteshazar) nang marinig niya ito. Kaya sinabi sa kanya ng hari, “Belteshazar, huwag kang mabagabag sa panaginip ko at sa kahulugan nito.” Sumagot si Belteshazar, “Mahal na Hari, sana ang iyong panaginip at ang kahulugan nito ay sa inyong mga kaaway mangyari at hindi sa iyo. 20 Ang napanaginipan ninyong punongkahoy na lumaki at tumaas hanggang langit na kitang-kita sa buong mundo, 21 na may mayayabong na dahon at maraming bunga na maaaring kainin ng lahat, sinisilungan ng mga hayop at pinamumugaran ng mga ibon ang mga sanga, 22 ay walang iba kundi kayo, Mahal na Hari. Sapagkat kayo po ay naging makapangyarihan; ang kapangyarihan nʼyo ay abot hanggang langit,[e] at ang inyong nasasakupan ay umabot sa ibaʼt ibang dako ng mundo.”
23 Sinabi pa ni Daniel, “Nakita nʼyo rin, Mahal na Hari, ang isang anghel na bumaba mula sa langit na sumisigaw, ‘Putulin ninyo ang punongkahoy pero hayaan ninyo ang tuod nito sa lupa na natatalian ng bakal at tanso. Hayaang mabasa ng hamog at kakain kasama ng mga hayop sa gubat sa loob ng pitong taon.’
24 “Mahal na Hari, ito po ang ibig sabihin ng pangitaing niloob ng Kataas-taasan na Dios na mangyari sa inyo: 25 Itataboy kayo at ilalayo sa mga tao at maninirahan kayong kasama ng mga hayop sa gubat. Kakain kayo ng damo tulad ng baka at palagi kayong mababasa ng hamog. Pagkatapos ng pitong taon, kikilalanin nʼyo ang Kataas-taasang Dios na siyang may kapangyarihan sa mga kaharian ng mga tao at maaari niyang ipasakop ang mga ito kahit kanino niya gustuhin. 26 Tungkol naman po sa sinabi ng anghel na hayaan lang ang tuod, ang ibig sabihin noon ay ibabalik sa inyo ang kaharian nʼyo kung kikilalanin nʼyo na ang Dios ang siyang naghahari sa lahat. 27 Kaya Mahal na Hari, pakinggan nʼyo po ang payo ko: Tigilan nʼyo na po ang inyong kasamaan, gumawa kayo ng matuwid at maging maawain sa mga dukha. Kung gagawin nʼyo po ito, baka sakaling manatili kayong maunlad.”
28 Ang lahat ng itoʼy nangyari sa buhay ni Haring Nebucadnezar. 29 Pagkalipas ng isang taon mula nang ipaliwanag ni Daniel ang kahulugan ng kanyang panaginip, ganito ang nangyari:
Habang namamasyal si Haring Nebucadnezar sa bubong ng kanyang palasyo sa Babilonia 30 sinabi niya, “Talagang makapangyarihan ang Babilonia, ang itinayo kong maharlikang bayan sa pamamagitan ng aking kapangyarihan at para sa aking karangalan.”
31 Hindi pa siya halos natatapos sa pagsasalita, may tinig mula sa langit na nagsabi, “Haring Nebucadnezar, makinig ka: Binabawi ko na sa iyo ang iyong kapangyarihan bilang hari. 32 Itataboy ka mula sa mga tao at maninirahan kang kasama ng mga hayop sa gubat. Kakain ka ng damo na parang baka. Pagkatapos ng pitong taon ay kikilalanin mo ang Kataas-taasang Dios na siyang may kapangyarihan sa mga kaharian ng mga tao at maaari niyang ipasakop ang mga ito kahit kanino niya gustuhin.”
33 Nangyari nga agad kay Nebucadnezar ang sinabi ng tinig. Itinaboy siya mula sa mga tao at kumain ng damo na parang baka. Palaging basa ng hamog ang kanyang katawan, at humaba ang kanyang buhok na parang balahibo ng agila at ang kanyang kuko ay parang kuko ng ibon.
34 “Pagkatapos ng pitong taon, ako, si Nebucadnezar ay lumapit sa Dios[f] at nanumbalik ang matino kong pag-iisip. Kaya pinuri ko at pinarangalan ang Kataas-taasang Dios na buhay magpakailanman. Sinabi ko,
‘Ang paghahari niya ay walang katapusan.
35 Balewala ang mga tao sa mundo kung ikukumpara sa kanya.
Ginagawa niya ang nais niya sa mga anghel sa langit at sa mga tao sa lupa.
Walang makakatutol o makakahadlang sa kanya.’
36 “Nang manumbalik na ang aking katinuan, ibinalik din sa akin ang karangalan at kapangyarihan bilang hari. Muli akong tinanggap ng aking mga opisyal at mga tagapayo, at akoʼy naging mas makapangyarihan kaysa dati. 37 Kaya ngayon, pinupuri koʼt pinararangalan ang Hari ng langit, dahil matuwid at tama ang lahat niyang ginagawa at ibinabagsak niya ang mga mapagmataas.”
Footnotes
- 4:7 astrologo: sa literal, Caldeo.
- 4:8 mga dios: o, dios; maaari ring, Dios.
- 4:13 anghel: sa literal, banal na tagapagbantay.
- 4:18 mga dios: o, dios; maaari ring, Dios.
- 4:22 kapangyarihan … langit: Maaaring ang ibig sabihin, gusto ni Nebucadnezar na humigit pa sa kapangyarihan ng Dios.
- 4:34 lumapit sa Dios: sa literal, tumingala sa langit.
Daniel 4
New English Translation
4 (3:31)[a] King Nebuchadnezzar, to all peoples, nations, and language groups that live in all the land: “Peace and prosperity![b] 2 I am delighted to tell you about the signs and wonders that the most high God has done for me.
3 “How great are his signs!
How mighty are his wonders!
His kingdom will last forever,[c]
and his authority continues from one generation to the next.”
Nebuchadnezzar Dreams of a Tree Chopped Down
4 (4:1)[d] I, Nebuchadnezzar, was relaxing in my home,[e] living luxuriously[f] in my palace. 5 I saw a dream that[g] frightened me badly. The things I imagined while lying on my bed—these visions of my mind—were terrifying me. 6 So I issued an order[h] for all the wise men of Babylon to be brought[i] before me so that they could make known to me the interpretation of the dream. 7 When the magicians, astrologers, wise men, and diviners entered, I recounted the dream for them. But they were unable to make known its interpretation to me. 8 Later Daniel entered (whose name is Belteshazzar after the name of my god,[j] and in whom there is a spirit of the holy gods). I recounted the dream for him as well, 9 saying, “Belteshazzar, chief of the magicians, in whom I know there to be a spirit of the holy gods and whom no mystery baffles, consider[k] my dream that I saw and set forth its interpretation! 10 Here are the visions of my mind[l] while I was on my bed.
“While I was watching,
there was a tree in the middle of the land.[m]
It was enormously tall.[n]
11 The tree grew large and strong.
Its top reached far into the sky;
it could be seen[o] from the borders of all the land.[p]
12 Its foliage was attractive and its fruit plentiful;
on it there was food enough for all.
Under it the wild animals[q] used to seek shade,
and in its branches the birds of the sky used to nest.
All creatures[r] used to feed themselves from it.
13 While I was watching in my mind’s visions[s] on my bed,
a holy sentinel[t] came down from heaven.
14 He called out loudly[u] as follows:[v]
‘Chop down the tree and lop off its branches!
Strip off its foliage
and scatter its fruit!
Let the animals flee from under it
and the birds from its branches.
15 But leave its taproot[w] in the ground,
with a band of iron and bronze around it[x]
surrounded by the grass of the field.
Let it become damp with the dew of the sky,
and let it live with[y] the animals in the grass of the land.
16 Let his mind[z] be altered from that of a human being,
and let an animal’s mind be given to him,
and let seven periods of time[aa] go by for[ab] him.
17 This announcement is by the decree of the sentinels;
this decision is by the pronouncement of the holy ones,
so that[ac] those who are alive may understand
that the Most High has authority over human kingdoms,[ad]
and he bestows them on whomever he wishes.
He establishes over them even the lowliest of human beings.’
18 “This is the dream that I, King Nebuchadnezzar, saw. Now you, Belteshazzar, declare its[ae] interpretation, for none of the wise men in[af] my kingdom are able to make known to me the interpretation. But you can do so, for a spirit of the holy gods is in you.”
Daniel Interprets Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream
19 Then Daniel (whose name is also Belteshazzar) was upset for a brief time;[ag] his thoughts were alarming him. The king said, “Belteshazzar, don’t let the dream and its interpretation alarm you.” But Belteshazzar replied, “Sir,[ah] if only the dream were for your enemies and its interpretation applied to your adversaries! 20 The tree that you saw that grew large and strong, whose top reached to the sky, and that could be seen[ai] in all the land, 21 whose foliage was attractive and its fruit plentiful, and from which there was food available for all, under whose branches wild animals[aj] used to live, and in whose branches birds of the sky used to nest— 22 it is you,[ak] O king! For you have become great and strong. Your greatness is such that it reaches to heaven, and your authority to the ends of the earth. 23 As for the king seeing a holy sentinel coming down from heaven and saying, ‘Chop down the tree and destroy it, but leave its taproot in the ground, with a band of iron and bronze around it, surrounded by the grass of the field. Let it become damp with the dew of the sky, and let it live with the wild animals, until seven periods of time go by for him’— 24 this is the interpretation, O king. It is the decision of the Most High that this has happened to my lord the king. 25 You will be driven[al] from human society,[am] and you will live[an] with the wild animals. You will be fed[ao] grass like oxen,[ap] and you will become damp with the dew of the sky. Seven periods of time will pass by for you, before[aq] you understand that the Most High is ruler over human kingdoms and gives them to whomever he wishes. 26 They said to leave the taproot of the tree, for your kingdom will be restored to you when you come to understand that heaven[ar] rules. 27 Therefore, O king, may my advice be pleasing to you. Break away from your sins by doing what is right, and from your iniquities by showing mercy to the poor. Perhaps your prosperity will be prolonged.”[as]
28 Now all this happened[at] to King Nebuchadnezzar. 29 After twelve months, he happened to be walking around on the battlements[au] of the royal palace of Babylon. 30 The king uttered these words: “Is this not the great Babylon that I have built for a royal residence[av] by my own mighty strength[aw] and for my majestic honor?” 31 While these words were still on the king’s lips,[ax] a voice came down from heaven: “It is hereby announced to you,[ay] King Nebuchadnezzar, that your kingdom has been removed from you! 32 You will be driven from human society, and you will live with the wild animals. You will be fed grass like oxen, and seven periods of time will pass by for you before[az] you understand that the Most High is ruler over human kingdoms and gives them to whomever he wishes.”
33 Now in that very moment[ba] this pronouncement about[bb] Nebuchadnezzar came true.[bc] He was driven from human society, he ate grass like oxen, and his body became damp with the dew of the sky, until his hair became long like an eagle’s feathers, and his nails like a bird’s claws.[bd]
34 But at the end of the appointed time[be] I, Nebuchadnezzar, looked up[bf] toward heaven, and my sanity returned to me.
I extolled the Most High,
and I praised and glorified the one who lives forever.
For his authority is an everlasting authority,
and his kingdom extends from one generation to the next.
35 All the inhabitants of the earth are regarded as nothing.[bg]
He does as he wishes with the army of heaven
and with those who inhabit the earth.
No one slaps[bh] his hand
and says to him, ‘What have you done?’
36 At that time my sanity returned to me. I was restored[bi] to the honor of my kingdom, and my splendor returned to me. My ministers and my nobles were seeking me out, and I was reinstated[bj] over my kingdom. I became even greater than before. 37 Now I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise and exalt and glorify the King of heaven, for all his deeds are right and his ways are just. He is able to bring down those who live[bk] in pride.
Footnotes
- Daniel 4:1 sn Beginning with 4:1, the verse numbers through 4:37 in the English Bible differ from the verse numbers in the Aramaic text (BHS), with 4:1 ET = 3:31 AT, 4:2 ET = 3:32 AT, 4:3 ET = 3:33 AT, 4:4 ET = 4:1 AT, etc., through 4:37 ET = 4:34 AT. Thus Dan 3:31-33 of the Aramaic text appears as Dan 4:1-3 in the English Bible, and the corresponding verses of ch. 4 differ accordingly. In spite of the division of the Aramaic text, a good case can be made that 3:31-33 AT (= 4:1-3 ET) is actually the introduction to ch. 4.
- Daniel 4:1 tn Aram “May your peace increase!”
- Daniel 4:3 tn Aram “His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom.”
- Daniel 4:4 sn This verse marks the beginning of chap. 4 in the Aramaic text of Daniel (see the note on 4:1). The Greek OT (LXX) has the following addition: “In the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign he said.” This date would suggest a link to the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 b.c. In general, the LXX of chapters 4-6 is very different from the MT, so much so that the following notes will call attention only to selected readings. In Daniel 4 the LXX lacks sizable portions of material in the MT (e.g., vv. 3-6, 31-32), includes sizable portions of material not in the MT (e.g., v. 14a, parts of vv. 16, 28), has a different order of some material (e.g., v. 8 after v. 9), and in some instances is vastly different from the MT (e.g., vv. 30, 34). Whether these differences are due to an excessively paraphrastic translation technique adopted for these chapters in the LXX, or are due to differences in the underlying Vorlage of the LXX, is a disputed matter. The latter seems more likely. There is a growing trend in modern scholarship to take the LXX of chapters 4-6 much more seriously than was the case in most earlier text-critical studies that considered this issue.
- Daniel 4:4 tn Aram “my house.”
- Daniel 4:4 tn Aram “happy.”
- Daniel 4:5 tn Aram “and it.”
- Daniel 4:6 tn Aram “from me there was placed a decree.”
- Daniel 4:6 tn The Aramaic infinitive here is active.
- Daniel 4:8 sn This explanation of the meaning of the name Belteshazzar may be more of a paronomasia than a strict etymology. See the note at 1:7. The king's god was Marduk, who was called Bel (“Lord”).
- Daniel 4:9 tc The present translation assumes the reading חֲזִי (khazi, “consider”) rather than the MT חֶזְוֵי (khezve, “visions”). The MT implies that the king required Daniel to disclose both the dream and its interpretation, as in chapter 2. But in the following verses Nebuchadnezzar recounts his dream, while Daniel presents only its interpretation.
- Daniel 4:10 tc The LXX lacks the first two words (Aram “the visions of my head”) of the Aramaic text.
- Daniel 4:10 tn Instead of “in the middle of the land,” some English versions render this phrase “a tree at the center of the earth” (NRSV); NAB, CEV “of the world”; NLT “in the middle of the earth.” The Hebrew phrase can have either meaning.
- Daniel 4:10 tn Aram “its height was great.”
- Daniel 4:11 tn Aram “its sight,” as also v. 17.
- Daniel 4:11 tn Or “to the end of all the earth” (so KJV, ASV); NCV, CEV “from anywhere on earth.”
- Daniel 4:12 tn Aram “the beasts of the field.”
- Daniel 4:12 tn Aram “all flesh.”
- Daniel 4:13 tn Aram “the visions of my head.”
- Daniel 4:13 tn Aram “a watcher and a holy one.” The expression is a hendiadys, as also in v. 23. This “watcher” is apparently an angel. The Greek OT (LXX) in fact has ἄγγελος (angelos, “angel”) here. Theodotion simply transliterates the Aramaic word (ʿir). The term is sometimes rendered “sentinel” (NAB) or “messenger” (NIV, NLT).
- Daniel 4:14 tn Aram “in strength.”
- Daniel 4:14 tn Aram “and thus he was saying.”
- Daniel 4:15 tn Aram “the stock of its root,” as also in v. 23. The implication here is that although the tree is chopped down, it is not killed. Its life-giving root is spared. The application to Nebuchadnezzar is obvious.
- Daniel 4:15 sn The function of the band of iron and bronze is not entirely clear, but it may have had to do with preventing the splitting or further deterioration of the portion of the tree that was left after being chopped down. By application it would then refer to the preservation of Nebuchadnezzar’s life during the time of his insanity.
- Daniel 4:15 tn Aram “its lot be.”
- Daniel 4:16 tn Aram “its heart.” The metaphor of the tree begins to fade here and the reality behind the symbol (the king) begins to emerge.
- Daniel 4:16 sn The seven periods of time probably refer to seven years.
- Daniel 4:16 tn Aram “over” (also in vv. 23, 25, 32).
- Daniel 4:17 tc The present translation follows an underlying reading of עַל־דִּבְרַת (ʿal divrat, “so that”) rather than MT עַד־דִּבְרַת (ʿad divrat, “until”).
- Daniel 4:17 tn Aram “the kingdom of man”; NASB “the realm of mankind”; NCV “every kingdom on earth.”
- Daniel 4:18 tc The present translation, as also in the next verse, reads פִּשְׁרֵהּ (pishreh, “its interpretation”) with the Qere and many medieval Hebrew mss; the Kethib is פִּשְׁרָא (pishraʾ, “the interpretation”).
- Daniel 4:18 tn Aram “of.”
- Daniel 4:19 tn Aram “about one hour.” The expression refers idiomatically to a brief period of time of undetermined length.
- Daniel 4:19 tn Aram “my lord.”
- Daniel 4:20 tn Aram “its sight.”
- Daniel 4:21 tn Aram “the beasts of the field” (also in vv. 23, 25, 32).
- Daniel 4:22 sn Much of modern scholarship views this chapter as a distortion of traditions that were originally associated with Nabonidus rather than with Nebuchadnezzar. A Qumran text, the Prayer of Nabonidus, is often cited for parallels to these events.
- Daniel 4:25 tn The Aramaic indefinite active plural is used here like the English passive, as also in vv. 28, 29, and 32.
- Daniel 4:25 tn Aram “from mankind,” as also in v. 32.
- Daniel 4:25 tn Aram “your dwelling will be,” as also in v. 32.
- Daniel 4:25 tn Or perhaps: “be made to eat.”
- Daniel 4:25 sn Nebuchadnezzar’s insanity has features that are associated with the mental disorder boanthropy, in which the person so afflicted imagines himself to be an ox or a similar animal and behaves accordingly.
- Daniel 4:25 tn Aram “until.”
- Daniel 4:26 sn The reference to heaven here is a circumlocution for God. There was a tendency in Jewish contexts to avoid direct reference to God. Compare the expression “kingdom of heaven” in the NT and such statements as: “I have sinned against heaven and in your sight” (Luke 15:21).
- Daniel 4:27 tn Aram “if there may be a lengthening to your prosperity.”
- Daniel 4:28 tn Aram “reached.”
- Daniel 4:29 tn The word “battlements” is not in the text but is supplied from context. Many English versions supply “roof” here (e.g., NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV); cf. NLT “on the flat roof.”
- Daniel 4:30 tn Aram “house.”
- Daniel 4:30 tn Aram “by the might of my strength.”
- Daniel 4:31 tn Aram “in the mouth of the king.”
- Daniel 4:31 tn Aram “to you they say.”
- Daniel 4:32 tn Aram “until.”
- Daniel 4:33 tn Aram “hour.”
- Daniel 4:33 tn Or “on.”
- Daniel 4:33 tn Aram “was fulfilled.”
- Daniel 4:33 tn The words “feathers” and “claws” are not present in the Aramaic text, but have been added in the translation for clarity.
- Daniel 4:34 tn Aram “days.”
- Daniel 4:34 tn Aram “lifted up my eyes.”
- Daniel 4:35 tc The present translation reads כְּלָא (kelaʾ), with many medieval Hebrew mss, rather than כְּלָה (kelah) of BHS.
- Daniel 4:35 tn Aram “strikes against.”
- Daniel 4:36 tc The translation reads הַדְרֵת (hadret, “I returned”) rather than the MT הַדְרִי (hadri, “my honor”); cf. Theodotion.
- Daniel 4:36 tc The translation reads הָתְקְנֵת (hotqenet, “I was established”) rather than the MT הָתְקְנַת (hotqenat, “it was established”). The MT could read: “And regarding my kingdom, it was established.”
- Daniel 4:37 tn Aram “walk.”
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