Footnotes

1. Daniel 11:1 The Angel assureth Daniel that God hath given him power to perform these things, seeing he appointed him to assist Darius when he overcame the Chaldeans.
2. Daniel 11:2 Whereof Cambyses that now reigned, was the first, the second Smerdis, the third Darius the son of Hystaspis, and the fourth Xerxes, which all were enemies to the people of God, and stood against them.
3. Daniel 11:2 For he raised up all the East countries to fight against the Greeks, and albeit he had in his army nine hundred thousand men, yet in four battles he was discomfited and fled away with shame.
4. Daniel 11:3 That is, Alexander the great.
5. Daniel 11:4 For when his estate was most flourishing, he overcame himself with drink, and so fell into a disease: or as some write, was poisoned by Cassander.
6. Daniel 11:4 For his twelve chief Princes first divided his kingdom among themselves.
7. Daniel 11:4 After this his Monarchy was divided into four: for Seleucus had Syria, Antigonus Asia minor, Cassander the kingdom of Macedonia, and Ptolemy Egypt.
8. Daniel 11:4 Thus God revenged Alexander’s ambition and cruelty in causing his posterity to be murdered, partly of the father’s chief friends, and partly one of another.
9. Daniel 11:4 None of these four shall be able to be compared to the power of Alexander.
10. Daniel 11:4 That is, his posterity having no part thereof.
11. Daniel 11:5 To wit, Ptolemy king of Egypt.
12. Daniel 11:5 That is, Antiochus the son of Seleucus, and one of Alexander’s princes shall be more mighty: for he should have both Asia and Syria.
13. Daniel 11:6 That is, Berenice the daughter of Ptolemy Philadelphus shall be given in marriage to Antiochus Theos, thinking by this affinity that Syria and Egypt should have a continual peace together.
14. Daniel 11:6 That force and strength shall not continue: for soon after Berenice and her young son after her husband’s death, was slain of her stepson Seleucus Callinicus the son of Laodice, the lawful wife of Antiochus, but put away for this woman’s sake.
15. Daniel 11:6 Neither Ptolemy nor Antiochus.
16. Daniel 11:6 Some read, seed, meaning, the child begotten of Berenice.
17. Daniel 11:6 Some read, she that begate her, and thereby understand her nurse, which brought her up: so that all they that were occasion of this marriage, were destroyed.
18. Daniel 11:7 Meaning, that Ptolemeus Euergetes after the death of his father Philadelphus should succeed in the kingdom being of the same stock that Berenice was.
19. Daniel 11:7 To revenge the sister’s death against Antiochus Callinicus king of Syria.
20. Daniel 11:8 For this Ptolemy reigned six and forty years.
21. Daniel 11:10 Meaning, Seleucus and Antiochus the great, the sons of Callinicus, shall make war against Ptolemy Philopater the son of Philadelphus.
22. Daniel 11:10 For his elder brother Seleucus died, or was slain while the wars were preparing.
23. Daniel 11:10 That is, Philopater when he shall see Antiochus to take great dominions from him in Syria, and also ready to invade Egypt.
24. Daniel 11:11 For Antiochus had six thousand horsemen, and threescore thousand footmen.
25. Daniel 11:13 After the death of Ptolemy Philopater, who left Ptolemeus Epiphanes his heir.
26. Daniel 11:14 For not only Antiochus came against him but also Philip King of Macedonia, and these two brought great power with them.
27. Daniel 11:14 For under Onias which falsely alleged that place of Isa. 19:19, certain of the Jews retired with him into Egypt to fulfill this prophecy: also the Angel showeth that all these troubles which are in the Church, are by the providence and counsel of God.
28. Daniel 11:15 The Egyptians were not able to resist Scopas Antiochus’ captain.
29. Daniel 11:16 He showeth that he shall not only afflict the Egyptians, but also the Jews, and shall enter into their country, whereof he admonisheth them before, that they may know that all these things came by God’s providence.
30. Daniel 11:17 This was the second battle that Antiochus fought against Ptolemy Epiphanes.
31. Daniel 11:17 To wit, a beautiful woman which was Cleopatra Antiochus’ daughter.
32. Daniel 11:17 For he regarded not the life of his daughter in respect of the kingdom of Egypt.
33. Daniel 11:17 She shall not agree to his wicked counsel, but shall love her husband, as her duty requireth, and not seek his destruction.
34. Daniel 11:18 That is, toward Asia, Greece, and those isles which are in the sea called Mediterranean: for the Jews called all countries isles which were divided from them by sea.
35. Daniel 11:18 For whereas Antiochus was wont to contemn the Romans, and put their ambassadors to shame in all places, Atilius the Consul, or Lucius Scipio put him to flight, and caused his shame to turn on his own head.
36. Daniel 11:18 By his wicked life, and obeying of foolish counsel.
37. Daniel 11:19 For fear of the Romans he shall flee to his holds.
38. Daniel 11:19 For when as under the pretence of poverty he would have robbed the Temple of Jupiter Dodomeus, the countrymen slew him.
39. Daniel 11:20 That is, Seleucus shall succeed his father Antiochus.
40. Daniel 11:20 Not by foreign enemies, or battle, but by treason.
41. Daniel 11:21 Which was Antiochus Epiphanes, who as is thought was the occasion of Seleucus his brother’s death, and was of a vile, cruel and flattering nature, and defrauded his brother’s son of the kingdom, and usurped the kingdom without the consent of the people.
42. Daniel 11:22 He showeth that great foreign powers shall come to help the young son of Seleucus against his uncle Antiochus: and yet shall be overthrown.
43. Daniel 11:22 Meaning, Ptolemais Philopater’s son who was this child’s cousin germane, and is here called the prince of the covenant, because he was the chief, and all others followed his conduct.
44. Daniel 11:23 For after the battle Philometor and his uncle Antiochus made a league.
45. Daniel 11:23 For he came upon him at unawares, and when he suspected his uncle Antiochus nothing.
46. Daniel 11:24 Meaning, in Egypt.
47. Daniel 11:24 He will content himself with the small holds for a time, but ever labor by craft to attain to the chiefest.
48. Daniel 11:25 He shall be overcome with treason.
49. Daniel 11:26 Signifying his princes and the chief about him.
50. Daniel 11:26 Declaring that his soldiers shall brast out and venture their life to slay and to be slain for the safeguard of their prince.
51. Daniel 11:27 The uncle and the nephew shall take truce, and banquet together, yet in their hearts they shall imagine mischief one against the other.
52. Daniel 11:27 Signifying, that it standeth not in the counsel of men to bring things to pass, but in the providence of God, who ruleth the Kings by a secret bridle, that they cannot do what they list themselves.
53. Daniel 11:28 Which he shall take of the Jews in spoiling Jerusalem and the Temple, and this is told them before to move them to patience, knowing that all things are done by God’s providence.
54. Daniel 11:30 That is, the Roman power shall come against him: for P. Popilius the Ambassador appointed him to depart in the Romans’ name, to which thing he obeyed, although with grief, and to revenge his rage he came against the people of God the second time.
55. Daniel 11:30 With the Jews which shall forsake the covenant of the Lord: for first he was called against the Jews by Jason the high Priest, and this second time by Menelaus.
56. Daniel 11:31 A great faction of the wicked Jews shall hold with Antiochus.
57. Daniel 11:31 So called because the power of God was nothing diminished, although this tyrant set up in the Temple the image of Jupiter Olympius, and so began to corrupt the pure service of God.
58. Daniel 11:32 Meaning, such as bare the name of Jews, but indeed were nothing less, for they sold their souls, and betrayed their brethren for gain.
59. Daniel 11:33 They that remain constant among the people shall teach others by their example, and edify many in the true religion.
60. Daniel 11:33 Whereby he exhorteth the godly to constancy, although they should perish a thousand times, and though their miseries endure never so long.
61. Daniel 11:34 As God will not leave his Church destitute, yet will he not deliver it all at once, but so help, as they may still seem to fight under the cross, as he did in the time of the Maccabees, whereof he here prophesieth.
62. Daniel 11:34 That is, there shall be even of this small number many hypocrites.
63. Daniel 11:35 To wit, of them that fear God and will lose their life for the defense of true religion. Signifying also that the Church must continually be tried and purged, and ought to look for one persecution after another: for God hath appointed the time: therefore we must obey.
64. Daniel 11:36 Because the Angel’s purpose is to show the whole course of the persecutions of the Jews unto the coming of Christ, he now speaketh of the Monarchy of the Romans which he noteth by the name of a King, who were without religion and condemned the true God.
65. Daniel 11:36 So long the tyrants shall prevail as God hath appointed to punish his people: but he showeth that it is but for a time.
66. Daniel 11:37 The Romans shall observe no certain form of religion as other nations, but shall change their gods at their pleasures, yea, contemn them and prefer themselves to their gods.
67. Daniel 11:37 Signifying that they should be without all humanity: for the love of women is taken for singular or great love, as 2 Sam. 1:26.
68. Daniel 11:38 That is, the god of power and riches: they shall esteem their own power above all their gods and worship it.
69. Daniel 11:38 Under pretence of worshipping the gods, they shall enrich their city with the most precious jewels of all the world, because that hereby all men should have them in admiration for their power and riches.
70. Daniel 11:39 Although in their hearts they had no religion, yet they did acknowledge the gods, and worshipped them in their temples, lest they should have been despised as Atheists: but this was to increase their fame and riches: and when they got any country, they so made others the rulers thereof, that the profit ever came to the Romans.
71. Daniel 11:40 That is, both the Egyptians and the Syrians shall at length fight against the Romans, but they shall be overcome.
72. Daniel 11:41 The Angel forewarneth the Jews that when they should see the Romans invade them, and that the wicked should escape their hands, that then they should not think but that all this was done by God’s providence, forasmuch as he warned them of it so long afore, and therefore he would still preserve them.
73. Daniel 11:44 Hearing that Crassus was slain, and Antonius discomfited.
74. Daniel 11:44 For Augustus overcame the Parthians, and recovered that which Antonius had lost.
75. Daniel 11:45 The Romans after this reigned quietly throughout all countries, and from sea to sea, and in Judea: but at length for their cruelty God shall destroy them.